Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) Diagnosis, Therapy and Follow-Up Care
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Preliminary Remark This practice guideline on gestational diabetes is a treatment oriented short version of the evidence based guideline that can be viewed in the internet. It replaces the DDG and DGGG recommendations of 2001 for diagnostic and therapy of gestational diabetes. A complete rework had become necessary in view of epidemiologically based diagnostic criteria, which had been derived from the Hyperglycaemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome study (HAPO) by international consensus, and in view of randomised therapy and observation studies published after 2001. With this, Germany has adopted the international standard. Screening and diagnosing gestational diabetes by means of blood glucose are part of the legally binding maternity guidelines in Germany since March 3, 2012. 1 Publisher DDG: M. Kellerer, S. Matthaei 2 Publisher DGGG: R. Kreienberg
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The German Diabetes Association advises adjusting caloric intake based on pre-pregnancy BMI, restricting intake to a maximum of 24 kcal/kg/day, or reducing calories by 30%-33% in women with GDM and obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2).
“The German Diabetes Association advises adjusting caloric intake based on pre-pregnancy BMI, restricting intake to a maximum of 24 kcal/kg/day, or reducing calories by 30%–33% in women with GDM and obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) [59].”
From Medical Nutrition Therapy for Women with Gestational Diabetes: Current Practice and Future Perspectives (2025) · cites this paper as [59]
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- Authors
- Kleinwechter, H., Schäfer-Graf, U., Bührer, C., Hoesli, I., Kainer, F., Kautzky-Willer, A., Pawlowski, B., Schunck, K., Somville, T., & Sorger, M.
- Affiliations
- Diabetologikum Kiel, Diabetes-Schwerpunktpraxis und Schulungszentrum, Kiel
- St. Joseph-Krankenhaus (DE)
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin (DE)
- University Hospital of Basel (CH)
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe (DE)
- Medizinische Universitätsklinik Wien, Klinik für Innere Medizin III, Abteilung für Endokrinologie u. Stoffwechsel, Gender Medicine Unit, Wien/A
- Düsseldorf University Hospital (DE)
- Klinikum im Friedrichshain (DE)
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (DE)
- University Hospital Bonn (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Schäfer-Graf, U.
- Venue
- Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes
- Publisher
- Georg Thieme Verlag KG
- Published
- 2014-07-11
- Volume
- 122
- Issue
- 07
- Pages
- 395-405
- ISSN
- 0947-7349 (ISSN-L)
- 1439-3646
- OpenAlex
- W2315281657
- Cited by
- 98
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 10.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Pregnancy and Medication Impact
- Keywords
- gestational diabetes mellitus, diagnosis, treatment, follow-up care, screening, blood glucose, HAPO study, diagnostic criteria
- MeSH terms
- Child, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Female, Gestational Age, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Monitoring, Physiologic, Postnatal Care, Pregnancy, Pregnancy in Diabetics, Prenatal Care, Risk Factors, Diabetes, Gestational
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