CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 371Healthcare Quality and ManagementHealthcare Policy and ManagementDelphi Technique in Research

The outcomes movement—Will it get us where we want to go?

Epstein, Arnold M.·1990·New England Journal of Medicine
DOI 10.1056/nejm199007263230410
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Arnold Relman, editor-in-chief of the Journal, has dubbed it "the third revolution in medical care."1 That description of what I call the outcomes movement may be hyperbole, but clearly we have entered an era of unprecedented growth in activity directed at the assessment of outcomes, the analysis of effectiveness, and quality assurance.There are many conspicuous manifestations of this type of activity. For example, the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Hospitals, moving away from its traditional reliance on structural measures, has formally embraced quality assessment based on severity-adjusted outcomes as the cornerstone of its future strategy for monitoring hospitals.2 , 3 Paul . . .

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1056/nejm199007263230410

Cites

26 of 26 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • TMS-induced electric fields are estimated to be in the range of 50 to 130 mV/mm and 20-150 mV/mm, which are in the range of local field potentials and may be the driver of TMS effects.

    “TMS-induced electric fields (orthogonal to the magnetic field induced by coils) cannot be measured directly but, from modelling studies, are estimated to be in the range of 50 to 130 mV/mm [65] and 20-150 mV/mm [66], which are in the range of local field potentials (LFPs) measured with external electrodes (see below) so may be the driver of TMS effects.”

    From The electromagnetic will (2021) · cites this paper as [65]

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Related

Authors
Epstein, A. M.
Affiliations
Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
Corresponding author
Epstein, Arnold M.
ORCID
Epstein, Arnold M.
Venue
New England Journal of Medicine
Publisher
Massachusetts Medical Society
Published
1990-07-26
Volume
323
Issue
4
Pages
266-270
ISSN
  • 0028-4793 (ISSN-L)
  • 1533-4406
DOI
10.1056/nejm199007263230410
OpenAlex
W1993787111
Cited by
371
References
26
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 7
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • New England Journal of Medicine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DigitalGeorgetown (Georgetown University Library) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › Health Information Management › Healthcare Quality and Management
  • Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Healthcare Policy and Management
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Delphi Technique in Research
Keywords
quality of care, quality assurance, hospital accreditation, Joint Commission on Accreditation of Hospitals, structural measures, health care reform
MeSH terms
Clinical Protocols, Computer Systems, Cost Control, Decision Making, Economic Competition, Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care, Practice Patterns, Physicians', United States

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review