Subclinical Hyperthyroidism

2016 American Thyroid Association Guidelines for Diagnosis and Management of Hyperthyroidism and Other Causes of Thyrotoxicosis

Ross, D. S., Burch, H. B., Cooper, D. S., Greenlee, M. C., Laurberg, P., Maia, A. L., Rivkees, S. A., Samuels, M., Sosa, J. A., Stan, M. N., et al. (2016) · Thyroid® · doi:10.1089/thy.2016.0229 · Cited by 2,938

The Clinical Significance of Subclinical Thyroid Dysfunction

Biondi, B., & Cooper, D. S. (2008) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/er.2006-0043 · Cited by 1,418

Subclinical thyroid disease

Cooper, D. S., & Biondi, B. (2012) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(11)60276-6 · Cited by 1,039

Antithyroid Drugs

Cooper, D. S. (2005) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmra042972 · Cited by 1,008

Thyroid Status, Cardiovascular Risk, and Mortality in Older Adults

Cappola, A. R., Fried, L. P., Arnold, A. M., Danese, M. D., Kuller, L. H., Burke, G. L., Tracy, R. P., & Ladenson, P. W. (2006) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.295.9.1033 · Cited by 862

Subclinical hyperthyroidism and the risk of coronary heart disease and mortality

Collet, T.-H., Gussekloo, J., Bauer, D. C., den Elzen, W. P. J., Cappola, A. R., Balmer, P., Iervasi, G., Åsvold, B. O., Sgarbi, J. A., Völzke, H., et al. (2012) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinternmed.2012.402 · Cited by 572

Subclinical Thyroid Dysfunction and the Risk of Heart Failure Events: An Individual Participant Data Analysis From 6 Prospective Cohorts

Gencer, B., Collet, T.-H., Virgini, V., Bauer, D. C., Gussekloo, J., Cappola, A. R., Nanchen, D., den Elzen, W. P. J., Balmer, P., Luben, R. N., et al. (2012) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.112.096024 · Cited by 517

Serum Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Concentration and Morbidity from Cardiovascular Disease and Fractures in Patients on Long-Term Thyroxine Therapy

Flynn, R. W., Bonellie, S. R., Jung, R. T., MacDonald, T. M., Morris, A. D., & Leese, G. P. (2010) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2009-1625 · Cited by 415

Endogenous Subclinical Hyperthyroidism Affects Quality of Life and Cardiac Morphology and Function in Young and Middle-Aged Patients

Biondi, B. (2000) · Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.85.12.4701 · Cited by 356

Management of Graves Disease

Burch, H. B., & Cooper, D. S. (2015) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2015.16535 · Cited by 344

Subclinical Thyroid Dysfunction and Fracture Risk: A Meta-analysis

Blum, M. R., Bauer, D. C., Collet, T.-H., Fink, H. A., Cappola, A. R., da Costa, B. R., Wirth, C. D., Peeters, R. P., Åsvold, B. O., den Elzen, W. P. J., et al. (2015) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2015.5161 · Cited by 343

The 2015 European Thyroid Association Guidelines on Diagnosis and Treatment of Endogenous Subclinical Hyperthyroidism

Biondi, B., Bartalena, L., Cooper, D. S., Hegedüs, L., Laurberg, P., & Kahaly, G. J. (2015) · European Thyroid Journal · doi:10.1159/000438750 · Cited by 323

The spectrum of thyroid disease and risk of new onset atrial fibrillation: a large population cohort study

Selmer, C., Olesen, J. B., Hansen, M. L., Lindhardsen, J., Olsen, A.-M. S., Madsen, J. C., Faber, J., Hansen, P. R., Pedersen, O. D., Torp-Pedersen, C., et al. (2012) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.e7895 · Cited by 323

Subclinical and Overt Thyroid Dysfunction and Risk of All-Cause Mortality and Cardiovascular Events: A Large Population Study

Selmer, C., Olesen, J. B., Hansen, M. L., von Kappelgaard, L. M., Madsen, J. C., Hansen, P. R., Pedersen, O. D., Faber, J., Torp-Pedersen, C., & Gislason, G. H. (2014) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2013-4184 · Cited by 288

Benefits of Thyrotropin Suppression Versus the Risks of Adverse Effects in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer

Biondi, B., & Cooper, D. S. (2010) · Thyroid · doi:10.1089/thy.2009.0311 · Cited by 286

Serum Thyrotropin Measurements in the Community: Five-Year Follow-up in a Large Network of Primary Care Physicians

Meyerovitch, J. (2007) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.167.14.1533 · Cited by 245

Association Between Iodinated Contrast Media Exposure and Incident Hyperthyroidism and Hypothyroidism

Rhee, C. M. (2012) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinternmed.2011.677 · Cited by 222

Triiodothyronine Levels in Athyreotic Individuals During Levothyroxine Therapy

Jonklaas, J. (2008) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.299.7.769 · Cited by 216

Subclinical Hypothyroidism and the Risk of Stroke Events and Fatal Stroke: An Individual Participant Data Analysis

Chaker, L., Baumgartner, C., den Elzen, W. P. J., Ikram, M. A., Blum, M. R., Collet, T., Bakker, S. J. L., Dehghan, A., Drechsler, C., Luben, R., et al. (2015) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2015-1438 · Cited by 206

The Thyroid Epidemiology, Audit, and Research Study (TEARS): Morbidity in Patients with Endogenous Subclinical Hyperthyroidism

Vadiveloo, T., Donnan, P. T., Cochrane, L., & Leese, G. P. (2011) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2010-2693 · Cited by 186

Long-Term Cardiovascular Mortality in Patients With Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma: An Observational Study

Klein Hesselink, E. N., Klein Hesselink, M. S., de Bock, G. H., Gansevoort, R. T., Bakker, S. J. L., Vredeveld, E. J., van der Horst-Schrivers, A. N. A., van der Horst, I. C. C., Kamphuisen, P. W., Plukker, J. T. M., et al. (2013) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.2013.49.1043 · Cited by 183

Subclinical Thyroid Dysfunction and the Risk of Cognitive Decline: a Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies

Rieben, C., Segna, D., da Costa, B. R., Collet, T., Chaker, L., Aubert, C. E., Baumgartner, C., Almeida, O. P., Hogervorst, E., Trompet, S., et al. (2016) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2016-2129 · Cited by 183

The Effects of Early Antithyroid Therapy for Endogenous Subclinical Hyperthyroidism in Clinical and Heart Abnormalities

Sgarbi, J. A., Villaça, F. G., Garbeline, B., Villar, H. E., & Romaldini, J. H. (2003) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2002-021046 · Cited by 177

Screening and Treatment of Thyroid Dysfunction: An Evidence Review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force

Rugge, J. B., Bougatsos, C., & Chou, R. (2015) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/m14-1456 · Cited by 172

Normalization of serum thyrotrophin by means of radioiodine treatment in subclinical hyperthyroidism: effect on bone loss in postmenopausal women

Faber, Jensen, Petersen, Nygaard, Hegedüs, & Siersbæk‐Nielsen (1998) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2265.1998.00427.x · Cited by 156

Control of adrenergic overactivity by beta-blockade improves the quality of life in patients receiving long term suppressive therapy with levothyroxine

Biondi, B. (1994) · Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.78.5.1028 · Cited by 137

Bone metabolism during anti‐thyroid drug treatment of endogenous subclinical hyperthyroidism

Mudde, A. H., Houben, A. J. H. M., & Kruseman, A. C. N. (1994) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1994.tb02571.x · Cited by 135

The Thyroid Epidemiology, Audit, and Research Study (TEARS): the natural history of endogenous subclinical hyperthyroidism

Vadiveloo, T., Donnan, P. T., Cochrane, L., & Leese, G. P. (2011) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2010-0854 · Cited by 118

Haemodynamic changes following treatment of subclinical and overt hyperthyroidism

Faber, J., Wiinberg, N., Schifter, S., & Mehlsen, J. (2001) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/eje.0.1450391 · Cited by 104

The Thyroid in Mind: Cognitive Function and Low Thyrotropin in Older People

Gan, E. H., & Pearce, S. H. S. (2012) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2012-2284 · Cited by 93

The association between subclinical thyroid dysfunction and dementia: The Health, Aging and Body Composition (Health ABC) Study

Aubert, C. E., Bauer, D. C., da Costa, B. R., Feller, M., Rieben, C., Simonsick, E. M., Yaffe, K., Rodondi, N., & Study, T. H. A. (2017) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/cen.13458 · Cited by 87

Prophylactic application of thyrostatic drugs during excessive iodine exposure in euthyroid patients with thyroid autonomy: a randomized study

Nolte, W., Müller, R., Siggelkow, H., Emrich, D., & Hüfner, M. (1996) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/eje.0.1340337 · Cited by 84

Serum thyrotrophin at baseline predicts the natural course of subclinical hyperthyroidism

Das, G., Ojewuyi, T. A., Baglioni, P., Geen, J., Premawardhana, L. D., & Okosieme, O. E. (2012) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.2012.04345.x · Cited by 61

Subclinical hyperthyroidism and the risk of cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality: an updated meta-analysis of cohort studies

Yang, L.-B., Jiang, D.-Q., Qi, W.-B., Zhang, T., Feng, Y.-L., Gao, L., & Zhao, J. (2012) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/eje-12-0015 · Cited by 56

Subclinical Thyroid Dysfunction and Frailty Among Older Men

Virgini, V. S., Rodondi, N., Cawthon, P. M., Harrison, S. L., Hoffman, A. R., ORWOLL, E. S., Ensrud, K. E., & Bauer, D. C. (2015) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2015-3191 · Cited by 55

MANAGEMENT OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Subclinical thyrotoxicosis: prevalence, causes and choice of therapy

Carlé, A., Andersen, S. L., Boelaert, K., & Laurberg, P. (2017) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/eje-16-0276 · Cited by 51

Prospective echocardiographic evaluation of patients with endogenous subclinical hyperthyroidism and after restoring euthyroidism: Subclinical hyperthyroidism and the heart

Kaminski, G., Michalkiewicz, D., Makowski, K., Podgajny, Z., Szalus, N., Ruchala, M., Szczepanek, E., & Gielerak, G. (2011) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.2010.03957.x · Cited by 45

An Analysis of the Natural Course of Subclinical Hyperthyroidism

Díez, J. J., & Iglesias, P. (2009) · The American Journal of the Medical Sciences · doi:10.1097/maj.0b013e318187e16d · Cited by 45

Relationship between subclinical thyroid dysfunction and the risk of fracture: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies

Yan, Z., Huang, H., Li, J., & Wang, J. (2016) · Osteoporosis International · doi:10.1007/s00198-015-3221-z · Cited by 43

Is Antithyroid Treatment Really Relevant for Young Patients with Subclinical Hyperthyroidism?

Yönem, Ö., Dökmetaş, H. S., Aslan, S. M., & Erselcan, T. (2002) · Endocrine Journal · doi:10.1507/endocrj.49.307 · Cited by 27

Symptoms of thyrotoxicosis, bone metabolism and occult atrial fibrillation in older women with mild endogenous subclinical hyperthyroidism

Rosário, P. W., Carvalho, M. U. W. B. D., & Calsolari, M. R. (2015) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/cen.12979 · Cited by 18

Electrocardiographic and scintigraphic evaluation of patients with subclinical hyperthyroidism during workout

Kamiński, G., Dziuk, M., Szczepanek‐Parulska, E., Zybek‐Kocik, A., & Ruchała, M. (2016) · Endocrine · doi:10.1007/s12020-016-0877-x · Cited by 12

Predictors of outcome in patients with endogenous subclinical thyrotoxicosis

Díez, J. J., & Iglesias, P. (2011) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.2011.04000.x · Cited by 2

Thyroid dysfunction and diabetes mellitus: two closely associated disorders

Biondi, B., Kahaly, G. J., & Robertson, R. P. (2019) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/er.2018-00163 · Cited by 598

Hyperthyroidism

Lee, S. Y., & Pearce, E. N. (2023) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2023.19052 · Cited by 364

Thyroid cancer, recent advances in diagnosis and therapy

Nabhan, F. A., Dedhia, P. H., & Ringel, M. D. (2021) · International Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1002/ijc.33690 · Cited by 228

Thyroid replacement therapy, thyroid stimulating hormone concentrations, and long term health outcomes in patients with hypothyroidism: longitudinal study

Thayakaran, R., Adderley, N. J., Sainsbury, C., Torlinska, B., Boelaert, K., Šumilo, D., Price, M., Thomas, G. N., Toulis, K. A., & Nirantharakumar, K. (2019) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.l4892 · Cited by 138

Hyperthyroidism

Chaker, L., Cooper, D. S., Walsh, J. P., & Peeters, R. P. (2024) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(23)02016-0 · Cited by 143

Endogenous subclinical hyperthyroidism: who, when and why to treat

Biondi, B. (2011) · Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1586/eem.11.69 · Cited by 4

Subklinische Hyperthyreose

Feldkamp, J. (2013) · DMW - Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift · doi:10.1055/s-0033-1343278

Clinical and therapeutic controversies on subclinical hyperthyroidism

Salles, F., & de Salles, D. M. (2014) · Medical Express · doi:10.5935/medicalexpress.2014.05.07

Les hyperthyroïdies subcliniques: du diagnostic a la prise en charge.

Corvilain, B. (2012) · Dépôt institutionnel de l'Université libre de Bruxelles (Université Libre de Bruxelles)

What are the potential risks of leaving subclinical hyperthyroidism untreated?

Tripdatabase (2025) · Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) · doi:10.5281/zenodo.18020966