Thyroid Status, Cardiovascular Risk, and Mortality in Older Adults
Abstract
CONTEXT: Previous studies have suggested that subclinical abnormalities in thyroid-stimulating hormone levels are associated with detrimental effects on the cardiovascular system. OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between baseline thyroid status and incident atrial fibrillation, incident cardiovascular disease, and mortality in older men and women not taking thyroid medication. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: A total of 3233 US community-dwelling individuals aged 65 years or older with baseline serum thyroid-stimulating hormone levels were enrolled in 1989-1990 in the Cardiovascular Health Study, a large, prospective cohort study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Incident atrial fibrillation, coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, cardiovascular death, and all-cause death assessed through June 2002. Analyses are reported for 4 groups defined according to thyroid function test results: subclinical hyperthyroidism, euthyroidism, subclinical hypothyroidism, and overt hypothyroidism. RESULTS: Individuals with overt thyrotoxicosis (n = 4) were excluded because of small numbers. Eighty-two percent of participants (n = 2639) had normal thyroid function, 15% (n = 496) had subclinical hypothyroidism, 1.6% (n = 51) had overt hypothyroidism, and 1.5% (n = 47) had subclinical hyperthyroidism. After exclusion of those with prevalent atrial fibrillation, individuals with subclinical hyperthyroidism had a greater incidence of atrial fibrillation compared with those with normal thyroid function (67 events vs 31 events per 1000 person-years; adjusted hazard ratio, 1.98; 95% confidence interval, 1.29-3.03). No differences were seen between the subclinical hyperthyroidism group and euthyroidism group for incident coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, cardiovascular death, or all-cause death. Likewise, there were no differences between the subclinical hypothyroidism or overt hypothyroidism groups and the euthyroidism group for cardiovascular outcomes or mortality. Specifically, individuals with subclinical hypothyroidism had an adjusted hazard ratio of 1.07 (95% confidence interval, 0.90-1.28) for incident coronary heart disease. CONCLUSION: Our data show an association between subclinical hyperthyroidism and development of atrial fibrillation but do not support the hypothesis that unrecognized subclinical hyperthyroidism or subclinical hypothyroidism is associated with other cardiovascular disorders or mortality.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
A high TSH level within the normal range appears to be protective and has been shown to be associated with reduced mortality risk in older euthyroid individuals.
“A high TSH level within the normal range appears to be protective and has been shown to be associated with reduced mortality risk in older euthyroid individuals.149”
From Hypothyroidism (2024) · cites this paper as [149]
Cardiac adverse events including tachycardia, palpitations and atrial fibrillation arise from increased myocardial oxygen consumption and enhanced beta-adrenergic sensitivity.
“Cardiac AEs, including tachycardia, palpitations and atrial fibrillation, arise from increased myocardial oxygen consumption and enhanced β‐adrenergic sensitivity.”
From Risk of cardiac, neuropsychiatric and musculoskeletal adverse events with levothyroxine: Systematic review (2026) · cites this paper as [6]
Cardiovascular symptoms are the most frequent indicators of mild thyroid hormone excess in the elderly, similar to overt hyperthyroidism.
“Cardiovascular symptoms are the most frequent indicators of mild thyroid hormone excess in the elderly, similar to overt hyperthyroidism [52,53] .”
From The 2015 European Thyroid Association Guidelines on Diagnosis and Treatment of Endogenous Subclinical Hyperthyroidism (2015) · cites this paper as [53]
A 2- to 3-fold increased risk of atrial fibrillation was associated with subclinical hyperthyroidism in elderly subjects in two large prospective studies.
“A 2-to 3-fold increased risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) was associated with SHyper in elderly subjects in two large prospective studies [52,53] .”
From The 2015 European Thyroid Association Guidelines on Diagnosis and Treatment of Endogenous Subclinical Hyperthyroidism (2015) · cites this paper as [53]
An increased incidence of atrial fibrillation has been observed in elderly persons with low serum TSH (0.1-0.5 mIU/l) with hazard ratios of 1.6 (95% CI 1.0-2.5) and 1.85 (95% CI 1.14-3.00).
“An increased incidence of AF has also been observed in elderly persons with low serum TSH (0.1-0.5 mIU/l) with an HR of 1.6 (95% CI: 1.0-2.5)[52] and 1.85 (95% CI: 1.14-3.00)[53] .”
From The 2015 European Thyroid Association Guidelines on Diagnosis and Treatment of Endogenous Subclinical Hyperthyroidism (2015) · cites this paper as [53]
Two other studies included in a meta-analysis reported a non-significant decreased risk for stroke associated with subclinical hyperthyroidism.
“Contradicting this, two other studies included in this meta-analysis reported a non-significant decreased risk for stroke associated with SHyper [53,82] .”
From The 2015 European Thyroid Association Guidelines on Diagnosis and Treatment of Endogenous Subclinical Hyperthyroidism (2015) · cites this paper as [53]
Older patients with low TSH and higher fT4 have a higher prevalence and incidence of atrial fibrillation compared with euthyroid subjects.
“Older patients with low TSH and higher fT4 have a higher prevalence and incidence of atrial fibrillation compared with euthyroid subjects (94–98)”
From Levothyroxine therapy in elderly patients with hypothyroidism (2021) · cites this paper as [94]
Trials of levothyroxine in subclinical hypothyroidism using surrogate markers have shown improvement in left ventricular function, vascular endothelial function, atherogenic lipid particles, or cardiac mitochondrial function.
“Trials of levothyroxine in SCH using surrogate markers have shown improvement in LV function, vascular endothelial function, atherogenic lipid particles, or cardiac mitochondrial function (4,91,105-108).”
From Thyroid Hormones and Cardiovascular Function and Diseases (2018) · cites this paper as [105]
Several studies of older patients have shown subclinical hypothyroidism to have either a protective or no impact on cardiovascular disease risk.
“In addition, several studies of older patients have shown SCH to have either a protective or no impact on CV disease risk (103-105).”
From Thyroid Hormones and Cardiovascular Function and Diseases (2018) · cites this paper as [105]
The findings of an association between elevated serum TSH and adverse cardiac outcomes have not been reproduced by all studies.
“these findings have not been reproduced by all studies (13, 17, 25, 26)”
From Serum Thyroid Function, Mortality and Disability in Advanced Old Age: The Newcastle 85+ Study (2016) · cites this paper as [13]
Some large and well-conducted studies have failed to reproduce the associations between low serum TSH and adverse outcomes.
“However, there is significant heterogeneity within the literature, with some large and well-conducted studies failing to reproduce these associations (13, 21), as well as unresolved questions about causality.”
From Serum Thyroid Function, Mortality and Disability in Advanced Old Age: The Newcastle 85+ Study (2016) · cites this paper as [13]
In cohort studies, subclinical hyperthyroidism or lower serum TSH have been associated with many involutional disease states including dementia, osteoporosis, AF, muscle weakness, low bone density, and fracture.
“in cohort studies, subclinical hyperthyroidism or lower serum TSH have been associated with many involutional disease states including dementia, osteoporosis, AF, muscle weakness, low bone density, and fracture (12–14, 18, 20, 48, 49).”
From Serum Thyroid Function, Mortality and Disability in Advanced Old Age: The Newcastle 85+ Study (2016) · cites this paper as [13]
Many previous studies have shown that low serum TSH is associated with poor outcomes, including increased all-cause or vascular mortality, or atrial fibrillation.
“In contrast with subclinical hypothyroidism, many previous studies have shown that low serum TSH is associated with poor outcomes, either increased all-cause or vascular mortality, or AF (12–14, 17, 29, 36, 37).”
From Serum Thyroid Function, Mortality and Disability in Advanced Old Age: The Newcastle 85+ Study (2016) · cites this paper as [13]
It has widely been assumed that these associations are caused by subclinical hyperthyroidism with detrimental effects of excess thyroid hormone, despite serum thyroid hormones being within reference range.
“It has widely been assumed that these associations are caused by subclinical hyperthyroidism with detrimental effects of excess thyroid hormone, for instance its proarrhythmic effect on the heart leading to AF, despite the fact that serum thyroid hormones are within reference range (1, 13–15, 29, 41, 42).”
From Serum Thyroid Function, Mortality and Disability in Advanced Old Age: The Newcastle 85+ Study (2016) · cites this paper as [13]
Some studies report increased overall mortality rates in SH subjects, especially older subjects, while others indicate no relation.
“Some studies report increased overall mortality rates in SH subjects (374,379-383), especially older subjects, while others indicate no relation (384)(385)(386)(387).”
From 2016 American Thyroid Association Guidelines for Diagnosis and Management of Hyperthyroidism and Other Causes of Thyrotoxicosis (2016) · cites this paper as [384]
Some other, smaller studies have reached similar conclusions, although other smaller studies have failed to find a correlation.
“Some other, smaller studies have reached similar conclusions (374,383), although other smaller studies have failed to find a correlation (380,381,384,386).”
From 2016 American Thyroid Association Guidelines for Diagnosis and Management of Hyperthyroidism and Other Causes of Thyrotoxicosis (2016) · cites this paper as [384]
Subsequent studies have confirmed that the risk of arrhythmias, particularly atrial fibrillation, is increased in SH.
“Sawin et al. (399) first reported a 2.8-fold increased risk of atrial fibrillation in SH subjects over age 60 years in 1994, and subsequent studies have confirmed that the risk of arrhythmias, particularly atrial fibrillation, is increased in SH (381,384,388,391,400,401).”
From 2016 American Thyroid Association Guidelines for Diagnosis and Management of Hyperthyroidism and Other Causes of Thyrotoxicosis (2016) · cites this paper as [384]
Cites
Friedewald, W. T., Levy, R. I., & Fredrickson, D. S. (1972) · Clinical Chemistry · doi:10.1093/clinchem/18.6.499 · Cited by 32,423 · see citing works
Toprak, Ö., Kurt, H., Sarı, Y., Şarkış, C., Us, H., & Kırık, A. (2017) · Kidney & Blood Pressure Research · doi:10.1159/000468530 · Cited by 29,769 · see citing works
Grundy, S. M., Bilheimer, D. W., Chait, A., Clark, L. T., Denke, M. A., Havel, R. J., Hazzard, W. R., Hulley, S. B., Hunninghake, D. B., Kreisberg, R. A., et al. (1993) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.269.23.3015 · Cited by 27,944 · see citing works
Expert Panel on Detection, E. (2001) · JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association · doi:10.1001/jama.285.19.2486 · Cited by 26,011 · see citing works
Antihyperlipidemic and Biochemical Activities of Mcy Protein in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats
Marella, S., Maddirela, D. R., Badri, K. R., Kumar, M. V. J., & Chippada, A. R. (2015) · Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry · doi:10.1159/000373954 · Cited by 5,938 · see citing works
Hollowell, J. G., Staehling, N. W., Flanders, W. D., Hannon, W. H., Gunter, E. W., Spencer, C. A., & Braverman, L. E. (2002) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.87.2.489 · Cited by 4,279 · see citing works
The Cardiovascular Health Study: design and rationale.
Fried, L. P., Borhani, N. O., Enright, P., Furberg, C. D., Gardin, J. M., Kronmal, R. A., Kuller, L. H., Manolio, T. A., Mittelmark, M. B., Newman, A., et al. (1991) · Annals of Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/1047-2797(91)90005-w · Cited by 3,652 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Colorado Thyroid Disease Prevalence Study
Canaris, G. J., Manowitz, N. R., Mayor, G., & Ridgway, E. C. (2000) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.160.4.526 · Cited by 2,824 · see citing works
THE SPECTRUM OF THYROID DISEASE IN A COMMUNITY: THE WHICKHAM SURVEY
Tunbridge, W. M. G., Evered, D. C., Hall, R., Appleton, D. R., BREWIS, M., CLARK, F., Evans, J. G., Young, E. T., Bird, T., & Smith, P. (1977) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1977.tb01340.x · Cited by 2,665 · see citing works
The incidence of thyroid disorders in the community: a twenty-year follow-up of the Whickham Survey
Vanderpump, M. P. J., Tunbrldge, W. M. G., French, J. M., Appleton, D., Bates, D., Clark, F., Evans, J. G., Hasan, D. M., Rodgers, H., Tunbridge, F., et al. (1995) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1995.tb01894.x · Cited by 2,432 · see citing works
Subclinical Thyroid Disease: Scientific Review and Guidelines for Diagnosis and Management
Surks, M. I., Ortiz, E., Daniels, G. H., Sawin, C. T., Col, N. F., Cobin, R. H., Franklyn, J. A., Hershman, J. M., Burman, K. D., Denke, M. A., et al. (2004) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.291.2.228 · Cited by 1,800 · see citing works
Deaths: preliminary data for 2003.
Hoyert, D. L., Kung, H.-C., & Smith, B. L. (2005) · PubMed · Cited by 1,649 · see citing works
Incidence of and risk factors for atrial fibrillation in older adults
Psaty, B. M., Manolio, T. A., Kuller, L. H., Kronmal, R. A., Cushman, M., Fried, L. P., White, R., Furberg, C. D., & Rautaharju, P. M. (1997) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.96.7.2455 · Cited by 1,462 · see citing works
Hak, A. E., Pols, H. A. P., Visser, T. J., Drexhage, H. A., Hofman, A., & Witteman, J. C. M. (2000) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-132-4-200002150-00004 · Cited by 1,336 · see citing works
Low Serum Thyrotropin Concentrations as a Risk Factor for Atrial Fibrillation in Older Persons
Sawin, C. T., Geller, A., Wolf, P. A., Belanger, A. J., Baker, E., Bacharach, P., Wilson, P., Benjamin, E. J., & D'Agostino, R. B. (1994) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199411103311901 · Cited by 1,259 · cited 2× · see citing works
“5).(12) Individuals with elevated thyroxine levels, indicating overt hyperthyroidism, were included in their category of TSH values of less than 0.”
BackgroundResultThyroid Status, Disability and Cognitive Function, and Survival in Old Age
Gussekloo, J. (2004) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.292.21.2591 · Cited by 899 · see citing works
Deaths: preliminary data for 2002.
Kochanek, K. D., & Smith, B. L. (2004) · PubMed · Cited by 700 · see citing works
Surveillance and ascertainment of cardiovascular events
Ives, D. G., Fitzpatrick, A. L., Bild, D. E., Psaty, B. M., Kuller, L. H., Crowley, P. M., Cruise, R. G., & Theroux, S. (1995) · Annals of Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/1047-2797(94)00093-9 · Cited by 688 · see citing works
Parle, J. V., Maisonneuve, P., Sheppard, M. C., Boyle, P., & Franklyn, J. A. (2001) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(01)06067-6 · Cited by 669 · see citing works
American Thyroid Association guidelines for detection of thyroid dysfunction.
Ladenson, P., Singer, P., Ain, K., Bagchi, N., Bigos, S., Levy, E., Smith, S. A., Daniels, G., & Cohen, H. D. (2000) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.160.11.1573 · Cited by 658 · see citing works
Hypothyroidism and Atherosclerosis
Cappola, A. R., & Ladenson, P. W. (2003) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2003-030398 · Cited by 640 · see citing works
Fade, J. V., Franklyn, J. A., Cross, K. W., Jones, S. C., & Sheppard, M. C. (1991) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1991.tb01739.x · Cited by 567 · see citing works
Subclinical thyroid dysfunction as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease
Walsh, J. P., Bremner, A. P., Bulsara, M. K., O’Leary, P., Leedman, P. J., Feddema, P., & Michelangeli, V. (2005) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.165.21.2467 · Cited by 536 · see citing works
Subclinical hypothyroidism and the risk of heart failure, other cardiovascular events, and death
Rodondi, N., Newman, A. B., Vittinghoff, E., de Rekeneire, N., Satterfield, S., Harris, T. B., & Bauer, D. C. (2005) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.165.21.2460 · Cited by 503 · see citing works
Danese, M. D., Ladenson, P. W., Meinert, C. L., & Powe, N. R. (2000) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.85.9.2993 · Cited by 423 · see citing works
Risk for Ischemic Heart Disease and All-Cause Mortality in Subclinical Hypothyroidism
Imaizumi, M., Akahoshi, M., Ichimaru, S., Nakashima, E., Hida, A., Soda, M., Usa, T., Ashizawa, K., Yokoyama, N., Maeda, R., et al. (2004) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2003-031089 · Cited by 373 · see citing works
Biondi, B. (2000) · Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.85.12.4701 · Cited by 356 · see citing works
Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction in Patients with Subclinical Hypothyroidism
Biondi, B., Fazio, S., Palmieri, E. A., Carella, C., Panza, N., Cittadini, A., Bonè, F., Lombardi, G., & Saccà, L. (1999) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.84.6.5733 · Cited by 334 · see citing works
Subclinical hyperthyroidism as a risk factor for atrial fibrillation
Auer, J., Scheibner, P., Mische, T., Langsteger, W., Eber, O., & Eber, B. (2001) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1067/mhj.2001.119370 · Cited by 314 · see citing works
Subclinical Disease as an Independent Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Disease
Kuller, L. H., Shemanski, L. R., Psaty, B. M., Borhani, N. O., Gardin, J. M., Haan, M. N., O’Leary, D. H., Savage, P. J., Tell, G. S., & Tracy, R. P. (1995) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.92.4.720 · Cited by 313 · see citing works
Danese, M. D., Ladenson, P. W., Meinert, C. L., et al. (2000) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.85.9.6841 · Cited by 308 · see citing works
Self-citationHelfand, M. (2004) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-140-2-200401200-00015 · Cited by 302 · see citing works
Kvetny, J., Heldgaard, P. E., Bladbjerg, E. M., & Gram, J. (2004) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.2004.02088.x · Cited by 280 · see citing works
The Real Contribution of the Major Risk Factors to the Coronary Epidemics
Magnus, P., & Beaglehole, R. (2001) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.161.22.2657 · Cited by 277 · see citing works
The aging thyroid. Increased prevalence of elevated serum thyrotropin levels in the elderly
Sawin, C. T. (1979) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.242.3.247 · Cited by 253 · see citing works
Thyroid dysfunction in adults over age 55 years. A study in an urban US community
Bagchi, N. (1990) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.150.4.785 · Cited by 245 · see citing works
The Treatment of Subclinical Hypothyroidism Is Seldom Necessary
Chu, J. W., & Crapo, L. M. (2001) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.86.10.7961 · Cited by 231 · see citing works
Vanderpump, M. P. J., Tunbridge, W. M. G., French, J. M., Appleton, D. R., Bates, D., Clark, F., Evans, J. G., Rodgers, H., Tunbridge, F. K. E., & Young, E. T. (1996) · PubMed · doi:10.1089/thy.1996.6.155 · Cited by 207 · see citing works
Thyroid failure in the elderly. Microsomal antibodies as discriminant for therapy
Rosenthal, M. J. (1987) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.258.2.209 · Cited by 203 · see citing works
Subclinical Hypothyroidism in a Biethnic, Urban Community
Lindeman, R. D., Schade, D. S., LaRue, A. A., Romero, L. J., Liang, H. C., Baumgartner, R. N., Koehler, K. M., & Garry, P. J. (1999) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1999.tb01593.x · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Association Between Thyroid Dysfunction and Total Cholesterol Level in an Older Biracial Population
Kanaya, A. M., Harris, F., Volpato, S., Pérez‐Stable, E. J., Harris, T. B., & Bauer, D. C. (2002) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.162.7.773 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Screening for Thyroid Disease: Recommendation Statement
U.S. Preventive Services Task Force* (2004) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-140-2-200401200-00014 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Emerging Noninvasive Biochemical Measures to Predict Cardiovascular Risk
Pahor, M., Elam, M. B., Garrison, R. J., Kritchevsky, S. B., & Applegate, W. B. (1999) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.159.3.237 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
THE EFFECT OF MINOR INCREMENTS IN PLASMA THYROXINE ON HEART RATE AND URINARY SODIUM EXCRETION
Bell, G. M., Sawers, J. S. A., FORFAR, J. C., Doig, A., & Toft, A. D. (1983) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1983.tb02881.x · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Subclinical hypothyroidism in a biethnic, urban community
Lindeman, R. D., Schade, D. S., LaRue, A. A., Romero, L. J., Liang, H. C., Baumgartner, R., Koehler, K. M., & Garry, P. J. (1999) · Climacteric · doi:10.3109/13697139909038070 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Clinical guideline, part 1. Screening for thyroid disease. American College of Physicians.
(1998) · PubMed · Cited by 18 · see citing works
SUBCLINICAL HYPOTHYROIDISM IN A BI‐ETHNIC, URBAN COMMUNITY
Drinka, P. J. (2000) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2000.tb03923.x · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2017 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association
Benjamin, E. J., Blaha, M. J., Chiuve, S. E., Cushman, M., Das, S. R., Deo, R., de Ferranti, S. D., Floyd, J., Fornage, M., Gillespie, C., et al. (2017) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000000485 · Cited by 12,591 · see citing works
Heart disease and stroke statistics-2018 update: a report from the american heart association
Benjamin, E. J., Virani, S. S., Callaway, C. W., Chamberlain, A. M., Chang, A. R., Cheng, S., Chiuve, S. E., Cushman, M., Delling, F. N., Deo, R., et al. (2018) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000000558 · Cited by 7,146 · see citing works
Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2012 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association
Writing Group Members, Roger, V. L., Go, A. S., Lloyd-Jones, D. M., Benjamin, E. J., Berry, J. D., Borden, W. B., Bravata, D. M., Dai, S., Ford, E. S., et al. (2012) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0b013e31823ac046 · Cited by 7,333 · see citing works
2014 AHA/ACC/HRS Guideline for the Management of Patients With Atrial Fibrillation
January, C. T., Wann, L. S., Alpert, J. S., Calkins, H. G., Cigarroa, J. E., Cleveland, J. C., CONTI, J. B., Ellinor, P. T., Ezekowitz, M. D., Field, M. E., et al. (2014) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000000041 · Cited by 7,119 · see citing works
Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2016 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association
Mozaffarian, D., Benjamin, E. J., Go, A. S., Arnett, D. K., Blaha, M. J., Cushman, M., Das, S. R., de Ferranti, S., Després, J.-P., Fullerton, H. J., et al. (2016) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000000350 · Cited by 6,596 · see citing works
Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2015 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association
Mozaffarian, D., Benjamin, E. J., Go, A. S., Arnett, D. K., Blaha, M. J., Cushman, M., de Ferranti, S., Després, J.-P., Fullerton, H. J., Howard, V. J., et al. (2015) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000000152 · Cited by 5,797 · see citing works
Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2014 Update
Go, A. S., Mozaffarian, D., Roger, V. L., Benjamin, E. J., Berry, J. D., Blaha, M. J., Dai, S., Ford, E. S., Fox, C. S., Franco, S., et al. (2013) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000441139.02102.80 · Cited by 5,207 · see citing works
Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2013 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association
Go, A. S., Mozaffarian, D., Roger, V. L., Benjamin, E. J., Berry, J. D., Borden, W. B., Bravata, D. M., Dai, S., Ford, E. S., Fox, C. S., et al. (2013) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0b013e31828124ad · Cited by 5,292 · see citing works
2014 AHA/ACC/HRS Guideline for the Management of Patients With Atrial Fibrillation
January, C. T., Wann, L. S., Alpert, J. S., Calkins, H., Cigarroa, J. E., Cleveland, J. C., Conti, J. B., Ellinor, P. T., Ezekowitz, M. D., Field, M. E., et al. (2014) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2014.03.022 · Cited by 2,955 · see citing works
Ross, D. S., Burch, H. B., Cooper, D. S., Greenlee, M. C., Laurberg, P., Maia, A. L., Rivkees, S. A., Samuels, M., Sosa, J. A., Stan, M. N., et al. (2016) · Thyroid® · doi:10.1089/thy.2016.0229 · Cited by 2,938 · see citing works
January, C. T., Wann, L. S., Alpert, J. S., Calkins, H., Cigarroa, J. E., Cleveland, J. C., Conti, J. B., Ellinor, P. T., Ezekowitz, M. D., Field, M. E., et al. (2014) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000000040 · Cited by 2,056 · see citing works
The Clinical Significance of Subclinical Thyroid Dysfunction
Biondi, B., & Cooper, D. S. (2008) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/er.2006-0043 · Cited by 1,418 · see citing works
Klein, I., & Danzi, S. (2007) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.106.678326 · Cited by 1,324 · see citing works
Subclinical Hypothyroidism and the Risk of Coronary Heart Disease and Mortality
Rodondi, N., den Elzen, W. P. J., Bauer, D. C., Cappola, A. R., Razvi, S., Walsh, J. P., Åsvold, B. O., Iervasi, G., Imaizumi, M., Collet, T.-H., et al. (2010) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2010.1361 · Cited by 1,216 · see citing works
Bahn, R. S., Burch, H. B., Cooper, D. S., Garber, J. R., Greenlee, M. C., Klein, I., Laurberg, P., McDougall, I. R., Montori, V. M., Rivkees, S. A., et al. (2011) · Endocrine Practice · doi:10.4158/ep.17.3.456 · Cited by 1,098 · see citing works
Schnabel, R. B., SULLIVAN, L. M., Levy, D. A., Pencina, M. J., Massaro, J. M., D’Agostino, R. B., Newton‐Cheh, C., Yamamoto, J. F., Magnani, J. W., Tadros, T. M., et al. (2009) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(09)60443-8 · Cited by 1,038 · see citing works
Cooper, D. S., & Biondi, B. (2012) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(11)60276-6 · Cited by 1,039 · see citing works
The American Thyroid Association and American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists Taskforce on Hyperthyroidism and Other Causes of Thyrotoxicosis, Bahn, R. S., Burch, H. B., Cooper, D. S., Garber, J. R., Greenlee, M. C., Klein, I., Laurberg, P., McDougall, I. R., Montori, V. M., et al. (2011) · Thyroid · doi:10.1089/thy.2010.0417 · Cited by 898 · see citing works
2013 ETA Guideline: Management of Subclinical Hypothyroidism
Pearce, S. H. S., Brabant, G., Duntas, L. H., Monzani, F., Peeters, R. P., Razvi, S., & Wemeau, J.-L. (2013) · European Thyroid Journal · doi:10.1159/000356507 · Cited by 877 · see citing works
The Incidence and Prevalence of Thyroid Dysfunction in Europe: A Meta-Analysis
Garmendia Madariaga, A., Santos Palacios, S., Guillén-Grima, F., & Galofré, J. C. (2014) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2013-2409 · Cited by 800 · see citing works
Thyroid hormones and cardiovascular disease
Jabbar, A., Pingitore, A., Pearce, S. H. S., Zaman, A., Iervasi, G., & Razvi, S. (2017) · Nature Reviews Cardiology · doi:10.1038/nrcardio.2016.174 · Cited by 729 · see citing works
Global epidemiology of atrial fibrillation
Rahman, F., Kwan, G. F., & Benjamin, E. J. (2014) · Nature Reviews Cardiology · doi:10.1038/nrcardio.2014.118 · Cited by 731 · see citing works
January, C. T., Wann, L. S., Alpert, J. S., Calkins, H. G., Cigarroa, J. E., Cleveland, J. C., CONTI, J. B., Ellinor, P. T., Ezekowitz, M. D., Field, M. E., et al. (2014) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2014.03.021 · Cited by 574 · see citing works
Subclinical hyperthyroidism and the risk of coronary heart disease and mortality
Collet, T.-H., Gussekloo, J., Bauer, D. C., den Elzen, W. P. J., Cappola, A. R., Balmer, P., Iervasi, G., Åsvold, B. O., Sgarbi, J. A., Völzke, H., et al. (2012) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinternmed.2012.402 · Cited by 572 · see citing works
Thyroid Hormones and Cardiovascular Function and Diseases
Razvi, S., Jabbar, A., Pingitore, A., Danzi, S., Biondi, B., Klein, I., Peeters, R., Zaman, A., & Iervasi, G. (2018) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2018.02.045 · Cited by 515 · see citing works
Gencer, B., Collet, T.-H., Virgini, V., Bauer, D. C., Gussekloo, J., Cappola, A. R., Nanchen, D., den Elzen, W. P. J., Balmer, P., Luben, R. N., et al. (2012) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.112.096024 · Cited by 517 · see citing works
Self-citationMeta-analysis: Subclinical Thyroid Dysfunction and the Risk for Coronary Heart Disease and Mortality
Ochs, N., Auer, R., Bauer, D. C., Nanchen, D., Gussekloo, J., Cornuz, J., & Rodondi, N. (2008) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-148-11-200806030-00225 · Cited by 477 · see citing works
Flynn, R. W., Bonellie, S. R., Jung, R. T., MacDonald, T. M., Morris, A. D., & Leese, G. P. (2010) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2009-1625 · Cited by 415 · see citing works
2020 Clinical practice guidelines for Chronic heart failure
Russian Society of Cardiology (2020) · Russian Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.15829/1560-4071-2020-4083 · Cited by 529 · see citing works
Effects of Thyroid Dysfunction on Lipid Profile
Rizos, C. V., Elisaf, M., & Liberopoulos, E. N. (2011) · The Open Cardiovascular Medicine Journal · doi:10.2174/1874192401105010076 · Cited by 403 · see citing works
Razvi, S., Ingoe, L., Keeka, G., Oates, C., McMillan, C., & Weaver, J. U. (2007) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2006-1869 · Cited by 389 · see citing works
Aoki, Y., Belin, R. M., Clickner, R., Jeffries, R., Phillips, L., & Mahaffey, K. R. (2007) · Thyroid · doi:10.1089/thy.2006.0235 · Cited by 390 · see citing works
Subclinical Hypothyroidism: An Update for Primary Care Physicians
Fatourechi, V. (2009) · Mayo Clinic Proceedings · doi:10.4065/84.1.65 · Cited by 376 · see citing works
Status of the Epidemiology of Atrial Fibrillation
Kannel, W. B., & Benjamin, E. J. (2007) · Medical Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.mcna.2007.09.002 · Cited by 359 · see citing works
Razvi, S., Shakoor, A., Vanderpump, M., Weaver, J. U., & Pearce, S. H. S. (2008) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2008-0167 · Cited by 330 · see citing works
Thyroid hormone replacement for subclinical hypothyroidism
Villar, H. C. C. E., Saconato, H., Valente, O., & Atallah, Á. N. (2007) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd003419.pub2 · Cited by 329 · see citing works
Selmer, C., Olesen, J. B., Hansen, M. L., Lindhardsen, J., Olsen, A.-M. S., Madsen, J. C., Faber, J., Hansen, P. R., Pedersen, O. D., Torp-Pedersen, C., et al. (2012) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.e7895 · Cited by 323 · see citing works
Biondi, B., Bartalena, L., Cooper, D. S., Hegedüs, L., Laurberg, P., & Kahaly, G. J. (2015) · European Thyroid Journal · doi:10.1159/000438750 · Cited by 323 · see citing works
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease across the spectrum of hypothyroidism
Chung, G. E., Kim, D., Kim, W. K., Yim, J. Y., Park, M. J., Kim, Y. J., Yoon, J., & Lee, H.-S. (2012) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2012.02.027 · Cited by 302 · see citing works
Selmer, C., Olesen, J. B., Hansen, M. L., von Kappelgaard, L. M., Madsen, J. C., Hansen, P. R., Pedersen, O. D., Faber, J., Torp-Pedersen, C., & Gislason, G. H. (2014) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2013-4184 · Cited by 288 · see citing works
MECHANISMS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY: Heart failure and thyroid dysfunction
Biondi, B. (2012) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/eje-12-0627 · Cited by 291 · see citing works
Biondi, B., & Cooper, D. S. (2010) · Thyroid · doi:10.1089/thy.2009.0311 · Cited by 286 · see citing works
Association between increased mortality and mild thyroid dysfunction in cardiac patients
Iervasi, G. (2007) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.167.14.1526 · Cited by 285 · see citing works
A Review of the Clinical Consequences of Variation in Thyroid Function Within the Reference Range
Taylor, P. N., Razvi, S., Pearce, S. H., & Dayan, C. M. (2013) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2013-1315 · Cited by 274 · see citing works
Subclinical Thyroid Dysfunction, Cardiac Function, and the Risk of Heart Failure
Rodondi, N., Bauer, D. C., Cappola, A. R., Cornuz, J., Robbins, J., Fried, L. P., Ladenson, P. W., Vittinghoff, E., Gottdiener, J. S., & Newman, A. B. (2008) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2008.07.009 · Cited by 273 · see citing works
Subclinical Thyroid Disease and the Incidence of Hypertension in Pregnancy
Wilson, K. L., Casey, B. M., McIntire, D. D., Halvorson, L. M., & Cunningham, F. G. (2012) · Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1097/aog.0b013e318240de6a · Cited by 268 · see citing works
Razvi, S., Weaver, J. U., Butler, T. J., & Pearce, S. H. S. (2012) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinternmed.2012.1159 · Cited by 266 · see citing works
Franklyn, J. A., & Boelaert, K. (2012) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(11)60782-4 · Cited by 262 · see citing works
Razvi, S., Weaver, J. U., Vanderpump, M. P. J., & Pearce, S. H. S. (2010) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2009-1749 · Cited by 264 · see citing works
Treatment with thyroid hormone
Biondi, B., & Wartofsky, L. (2014) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/er.2013-1083 · Cited by 259 · see citing works
Magnani, J. W., Rienstra, M., Lin, H., Sinner, M. F., Lubitz, S. A., McManus, D. D., Dupuis, J., Ellinor, P. T., & Benjamin, E. J. (2011) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.111.039677 · Cited by 247 · see citing works
Baumgartner, C., da Costa, B. R., Collet, T., Feller, M., Floriani, C., Bauer, D. C., Cappola, A. R., Heckbert, S. R., Ceresini, G., Gussekloo, J., et al. (2017) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.117.028753 · Cited by 256 · see citing works
Meyerovitch, J. (2007) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.167.14.1533 · Cited by 245 · see citing works
Thyroid Dysfunction in Heart Failure and Cardiovascular Outcomes
Kannan, L., Shaw, P. A., Morley, M. P., Brandimarto, J., Fang, J. C., Sweitzer, N. K., Cappola, T. P., & Cappola, A. R. (2018) · Circulation: Heart Failure · doi:10.1161/circheartfailure.118.005266 · Cited by 245 · see citing works
Singh, S., Duggal, J., Molnar, J., Maldonado, F., Barsano, C. P., & Arora, R. (2008) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2007.02.027 · Cited by 243 · see citing works
Waring, A. C., Arnold, A. M., Newman, A. B., Bùžková, P., Hirsch, C., & Cappola, A. R. (2012) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2012-2481 · Cited by 237 · see citing works
Kirchhof, P. F., Lip, G. Y. H., Gelder, I. C. V., Bax, J. J., Hylek, E. M., Kääb, S., Schotten, U., Wegscheider, K., Boriani, G., Brandes, A., et al. (2011) · EP Europace · doi:10.1093/europace/eur241 · Cited by 242 · see citing works
Somwaru, L. L., Arnold, A. M., Joshi, N., Fried, L. P., & Cappola, A. R. (2009) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2008-1696 · Cited by 239 · see citing works
Self-citationCardiovascular involvement in patients with different causes of hyperthyroidism
Biondi, B., & Kahaly, G. J. (2010) · Nature Reviews Endocrinology · doi:10.1038/nrendo.2010.105 · Cited by 230 · see citing works
Association Between Serum Free Thyroxine Concentration and Atrial Fibrillation
Gammage, M. D. (2007) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.167.9.928 · Cited by 225 · see citing works
Tan, Z. S. (2008) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.168.14.1514 · Cited by 225 · see citing works
Tseng, F.-Y., Lin, W.-Y., Lin, C.-C., Lee, L.-T., Li, T.-C., Sung, P.-K., & Huang, K.-C. (2012) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2012.03.047 · Cited by 212 · see citing works
Schonberg, M. A., Davis, R. B., McCarthy, E. P., & Marcantonio, E. R. (2009) · Journal of General Internal Medicine · doi:10.1007/s11606-009-1073-y · Cited by 214 · see citing works
Nanchen, D., Gussekloo, J., Westendorp, R. G. J., Stott, D. J., Jukema, J. W., Trompet, S., Ford, I., Welsh, P., Sattar, N., Macfarlane, P. W., et al. (2012) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2011-1978 · Cited by 211 · see citing works
The Natural History of Subclinical Hypothyroidism in the Elderly: The Cardiovascular Health Study
Somwaru, L. L., Rariy, C. M., Arnold, A. M., & Cappola, A. R. (2012) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2011-3047 · Cited by 210 · see citing works
Chaker, L., Baumgartner, C., den Elzen, W. P. J., Ikram, M. A., Blum, M. R., Collet, T., Bakker, S. J. L., Dehghan, A., Drechsler, C., Luben, R., et al. (2015) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2015-1438 · Cited by 206 · see citing works
Thyroid Function in the Euthyroid Range and Adverse Outcomes in Older Adults
Cappola, A. R., Arnold, A. M., Wulczyn, K., Carlson, M., Robbins, J., & Psaty, B. M. (2015) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2014-3586 · Cited by 201 · see citing works
Walter, M. A., Briel, M., Christ-Crain, M., Bonnema, S. J., Connell, J., Cooper, D. S., Bucher, H. C., Müller-Brand, J., & Müller, B. (2007) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.39114.670150.be · Cited by 202 · see citing works
Treatment for primary hypothyroidism: current approaches and future possibilities
Vaidya, B., Chakera, A. J., & Pearce, S. H. S. (2011) · Drug Design Development and Therapy · doi:10.2147/dddt.s12894 · Cited by 202 · see citing works
Vadiveloo, T., Donnan, P. T., Cochrane, L., & Leese, G. P. (2011) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2010-2693 · Cited by 186 · see citing works
Ceresini, G., Lauretani, F., Maggio, M. G., Ceda, G. P., Morganti, S., Usberti, E., Chezzi, C., Valcavi, R., Bandinelli, S., Guralnik, J. M., et al. (2008) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2008.02080.x · Cited by 185 · see citing works
Waring, A. C., Rodondi, N., Harrison, S. L., Kanaya, A. M., Simonsick, E. M., Miljkovic, I., Satterfield, S., Newman, A. B., Bauer, D. C., & for the Health, A. (2011) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.2011.04328.x · Cited by 181 · see citing works
Albrecht, A. T., Hanewinkel, M., Bauhus, J., & Kohnle, U. (2010) · European Journal of Forest Research · doi:10.1007/s10342-010-0432-x · Cited by 180 · see citing works
The Growing Burden of Diabetes Mellitus in the US Elderly Population
Sloan, F. A. (2008) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinternmed.2007.35 · Cited by 176 · see citing works
Rieben, C., Segna, D., da Costa, B. R., Collet, T., Chaker, L., Aubert, C. E., Baumgartner, C., Almeida, O. P., Hogervorst, E., Trompet, S., et al. (2016) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2016-2129 · Cited by 178 · see citing works
Moon, S., Kim, M. J., Yu, J. M., Yoo, H. J., & Park, Y. J. (2018) · Thyroid · doi:10.1089/thy.2017.0414 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
Haentjens, P., Van Meerhaeghe, A., Poppe, K., & Velkeniers, B. (2008) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/eje-08-0110 · Cited by 174 · see citing works
Newman, C. B., Blaha, M. J., Boord, J. B., Cariou, B., Chait, A., Fein, H. G., Ginsberg, H. N., Goldberg, I. J., Murad, M. H., Subramanian, S., et al. (2020) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgaa674 · Cited by 180 · see citing works
A critical review and meta-analysis of the association between overt hyperthyroidism and mortality
Brandt, F., Green, A., Hegedüs, L., & Brix, T. H. (2011) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/eje-11-0299 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Boekholdt, S. M., Titan, S. M., Wiersinga, W. M., Chatterjee, K., Basart, D. C. G., Luben, R., Wareham, N. J., & Khaw, K. (2010) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.2009.03640.x · Cited by 167 · see citing works
Roef, G. L., Rietzschel, E. R., daele, C. M. V., Taes, Y., Buyzere, M. D., Gillebert, T. C., & Kaufman, J. (2013) · Thyroid · doi:10.1089/thy.2013.0314 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
Subclinical hypothyroidism, lipid metabolism and cardiovascular disease
Delitala, A., Fanciulli, G., Maioli, M., & Delitala, G. (2016) · European Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ejim.2016.12.015 · Cited by 165 · see citing works
High-Normal Thyroid Function and Risk of Atrial Fibrillation: The Rotterdam Study
Heeringa, J., Hoogendoorn, E. H., van der Deure, W. M., Hofman, A., Peeters, R. P., Hop, W. C. J., den Heijer, M., Visser, T. J., & Witteman, J. C. M. (2008) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.168.20.2219 · Cited by 161 · see citing works
Duntas, L. H., & Wartofsky, L. (2007) · Thyroid · doi:10.1089/thy.2007.0116 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Thyroid Disease and the Cardiovascular System
Danzi, S. E., & Klein, I. L. (2014) · Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.ecl.2014.02.005 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
de Jongh, R. T., Lips, P., van Schoor, N. M., Rijs, K. J., Deeg, D. J. H., Comijs, H. C., Kramer, M. H. H., Vandenbroucke, J. P., & Dekkers, O. M. (2011) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/eje-11-0430 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Clinical practice guidelines for the management of hypothyroidism
Brenta, G., Vaisman, M., Sgarbi, J. A., Bergoglio, L., de Andrada, N. C., Bravo, P. P., Orlandi, A. M., & Graf, H. (2013) · Arquivos Brasileiros de Endocrinologia & Metabologia · doi:10.1590/s0004-27302013000400003 · Cited by 161 · see citing works
Subclinical thyroid dysfunction and cardiovascular diseases: 2016 update
Floriani, C., Gencer, B., Collet, T., & Rodondi, N. (2017) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehx050 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
Lillevang-Johansen, M., Abrahamsen, B., Jørgensen, H. L., Brix, T. H., & Hegedüs, L. (2018) · Thyroid · doi:10.1089/thy.2017.0517 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
McQuade, C., Skugor, M., Brennan, D. M., Hoar, B. M., Stevenson, C., & Hoogwerf, B. J. (2011) · Thyroid · doi:10.1089/thy.2010.0298 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
Hypertension in Thyroid Disorders
Berta, E., Lengyel, I. M., Halmi, S., Zrínyi, M., Erdei, A., Harangi, M., Páll, D., Nagy, E. V., & Bodor, M. (2019) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2019.00482 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
Thyroid hormone and atherosclerosis
Ichiki, T. (2009) · Vascular Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.vph.2009.09.004 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Wang, L. Y., Smith, A. W., Palmer, F. L., Tuttle, R. M., Mahrous, A., Nixon, I. J., Patel, S. G., Ganly, I., Fagin, J. A., & Boucai, L. (2015) · Thyroid · doi:10.1089/thy.2014.0287 · Cited by 161 · see citing works
Thyroid Function in Heart Failure and Impact on Mortality
Mitchell, J. E., Hellkamp, A. S., Mark, D. B., Anderson, J., Johnson, G. W., Poole, J. E., Lee, K. L., & Bardy, G. H. (2013) · JACC Heart Failure · doi:10.1016/j.jchf.2012.10.004 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
Hypothyroidism in the elderly: diagnosis and management
Bensenor, I., Lotufo, P., & Diaz-Olmos (2012) · Clinical Interventions in Aging · doi:10.2147/cia.s23966 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Sgarbi, J. A., Matsumura, L. K., Kasamatsu, T. S., Ferreira, S. R. G., & Maciel, R. M. B. (2009) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/eje-09-0845 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Current Perceptions of the Epidemiology of Atrial Fibrillation
Kannel, W. B., & Benjamin, E. J. (2008) · Cardiology Clinics · doi:10.1016/j.ccl.2008.09.015 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Cardiovascular Manifestations of Hyperthyroidism Before and After Antithyroid Therapy
Osman, F., Franklyn, J. A., HOLDER, R. L., Sheppard, M. C., & GAMMAGE, M. D. (2006) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2006.08.042 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Subclinical Thyroid Dysfunction and Incident Hip Fracture in Older Adults
Lee, J. S., Bůžková, P., Fink, H. A., Vu, J., Carbone, L., Chen, Z., Cauley, J., Bauer, D. C., Cappola, A. R., & Robbins, J. (2010) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinternmed.2010.424 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
The role of thyroid hormone in the pathophysiology of heart failure: clinical evidence
Galli, E., Pingitore, A., & Iervasi, G. (2010) · Heart Failure Reviews · doi:10.1007/s10741-008-9126-6 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
- Authors
- Cappola, A. R., Fried, L. P., Arnold, A. M., Danese, M. D., Kuller, L. H., Burke, G. L., Tracy, R. P., & Ladenson, P. W.
- Affiliations
- University of Pennsylvania Health System (US)
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- University of Washington (US)
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- Wake Forest University (US)
- University of Vermont (US)
- Corresponding author
- Cappola, Anne R.
- ORCID
- Venue
- JAMA
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 2006-03-01
- Volume
- 295
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1033
- ISSN
- 0002-9955 (ISSN-L)
- 0098-7484
- OpenAlex
- W1965686740
- Cited by
- 862
- References
- 47
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 41 · 2023: 46 · 2022: 39 · 2021: 35 · 2020: 40 · 2019: 32 · 2018: 42 · 2017: 45 · 2016: 44 · 2015: 39 · 2014: 61 · 2013: 62 · 2012: 64
- FWCI
- 32.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- JAMA (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- American Heart Association
- National Institutes of Health (n01hc085082-026, n01hc085081-021, n01hc085079-024, n01hc015103-009, n01hc085084-005, n01hc085085-011, n01hc085083-027, n01hc085080-026, n01hc085086-022, n01hc035129-010)
- National Institute on Aging (N01HC85079, N01 HC‐15103, N01‐HC‐35129, K23AG19161, N01‐HC‐85086, K23AG019161)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (N01-HC-85081, N01HC85085, N01 HC085086, N01HC-85083, N01HC15103, N01 HC085079, N01HC85082, N01 HC85086, N01 HC035129, N01HC85080, N01 HC015103, N01-HC85079, N01-HC85084, N01HC35129)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Thyroid Disorders and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Hormonal and reproductive studies
- Keywords
- subclinical hypothyroidism, overt hypothyroidism, thyroid-stimulating hormone, atrial fibrillation, cardiovascular disease, coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease, cardiovascular mortality, all-cause mortality, older adults, thyroid function, Cardiovascular Health Study, sex differences, hormone replacement therapy
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Atrial Fibrillation, Cardiovascular Diseases, Female, Humans, Hyperthyroidism, Hypothyroidism, Male, Risk Factors, Thyroid Gland, Thyrotropin, Proportional Hazards Models
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
