Cited by 629Endometriosis Research and TreatmentCancer Genomics and DiagnosticsChromatin Remodeling and Cancer

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 50 of the 50 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Cancer-Associated Mutations in Endometriosis without Cancer

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Endometriosis, defined as the presence of ectopic endometrial stroma and epithelium, affects approximately 10% of reproductive-age women and can cause pelvic pain and infertility. Endometriotic lesions are considered to be benign inflammatory lesions but have cancerlike features such as local invasion and resistance to apoptosis. METHODS: We analyzed deeply infiltrating endometriotic lesions from 27 patients by means of exomewide sequencing (24 patients) or cancer-driver targeted sequencing (3 patients). Mutations were validated with the use of digital genomic methods in microdissected epithelium and stroma. Epithelial and stromal components of lesions from an additional 12 patients were analyzed by means of a droplet digital polymerase-chain-reaction (PCR) assay for recurrent activating KRAS mutations. RESULTS: Exome sequencing revealed somatic mutations in 19 of 24 patients (79%). Five patients harbored known cancer driver mutations in ARID1A, PIK3CA, KRAS, or PPP2R1A, which were validated by Safe-Sequencing System or immunohistochemical analysis. The likelihood of driver genes being affected at this rate in the absence of selection was estimated at P=0.001 (binomial test). Targeted sequencing and a droplet digital PCR assay identified KRAS mutations in 2 of 3 patients and 3 of 12 patients, respectively, with mutations in the epithelium but not the stroma. One patient harbored two different KRAS mutations, c.35G→T and c.35G→C, and another carried identical KRAS c.35G→A mutations in three distinct lesions. CONCLUSIONS: We found that lesions in deep infiltrating endometriosis, which are associated with virtually no risk of malignant transformation, harbor somatic cancer driver mutations. Ten of 39 deep infiltrating lesions (26%) carried driver mutations; all the tested somatic mutations appeared to be confined to the epithelial compartment of endometriotic lesions.

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  1. Ferguson BR, 1969, Obstet Gynecol, 33, 617
  2. Sampson JA, 1927, Am J Pathol, 3, 93
  3. Sato N, 2000, Cancer Res, 60, 7052
  4. Cullen TS. Adenoma-myoma uteri diffusum benignum. Johns Hopkins Hosp Bull 1896;6:133-7.

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Metadata

Authors
Anglesio, M. S., Papadopoulos, N., Ayhan, A., Nazeran, T. M., Noë, M., Horlings, H. M., Lum, A., Jones, S., Senz, J., Seckin, T., Ho, J., Wu, R.-C., Lac, V., Ogawa, H., Tessier-Cloutier, B., Alhassan, R., Wang, A., Wang, Y., Cohen, J. D., Wong, F., Hasanovic, A., Orr, N., Zhang, M., Popoli, M., McMahon, W., Wood, L. D., Mattox, A., Allaire, C., Segars, J., Williams, C., Tomasetti, C., Boyd, N., Kinzler, K. W., Gilks, C. B., Diaz, L., Wang, T.-L., Vogelstein, B., Yong, P. J., Huntsman, D. G., & Shih, I.-M.
Affiliations
  • University of British Columbia (CA)
  • Hiroshima University (JP)
  • BC Cancer Agency (CA)
  • Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
Venue
New England Journal of Medicine
Published
2017-05-11
Volume
376
Issue
19
Pages
1835-1848
ISSN
  • 0028-4793 (ISSN-L)
  • 1533-4406
OpenAlex
W2612851374
Cited by
628
References
50
Citations by year
2026: 57 · 2025: 62 · 2024: 51 · 2023: 75 · 2022: 72 · 2021: 75 · 2020: 80 · 2019: 68 · 2018: 69 · 2017: 19
FWCI
74.93
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • New England Journal of Medicine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • National Cancer Institute (R01CA215483, U01CA200469, R01CA057345, T32CA009243, P50CA062924, R37CA057345, P30CA006973)
  • National Institute of General Medical Sciences (T32GM007309, T32GM007184)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Endometriosis Research and Treatment
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Cancer Genomics and Diagnostics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Chromatin Remodeling and Cancer
Keywords
endometriosis, deep infiltrating endometriosis, somatic mutations, cancer driver mutations, KRAS mutation, ARID1A, PIK3CA, PPP2R1A, malignant transformation risk, droplet digital PCR
MeSH terms
Adult, Cell Transformation, Neoplastic, DNA Mutational Analysis, DNA-Binding Proteins, Endometriosis, Endometrium, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Mutation, Nuclear Proteins, Transcription Factors, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras), Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases, Protein Phosphatase 2, Class I Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases, Exome

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