The DOI matches its Crossref record; 18 of the 18 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; 4 of the 10 sources its claims cite were checked for support.
Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma.
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Idecabtagene vicleucel (ide-cel, also called bb2121), a B-cell maturation antigen-directed chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy, has shown clinical activity with expected CAR T-cell toxic effects in patients with relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma. METHODS: CAR-positive (CAR+) T cells. The primary end point was an overall response (partial response or better); a key secondary end point was a complete response or better (comprising complete and stringent complete responses). RESULTS: nucleated cells) was confirmed in 33 patients, representing 26% of all 128 patients who were treated and 79% of the 42 patients who had a complete response or better. The median progression-free survival was 8.8 months (95% confidence interval, 5.6 to 11.6). Common toxic effects among the 128 treated patients included neutropenia in 117 patients (91%), anemia in 89 (70%), and thrombocytopenia in 81 (63%). Cytokine release syndrome was reported in 107 patients (84%), including 7 (5%) who had events of grade 3 or higher. Neurotoxic effects developed in 23 patients (18%) and were of grade 3 in 4 patients (3%); no neurotoxic effects higher than grade 3 occurred. Cellular kinetic analysis confirmed CAR+ T cells in 29 of 49 patients (59%) at 6 months and 4 of 11 patients (36%) at 12 months after infusion. CONCLUSIONS: Ide-cel induced responses in a majority of heavily pretreated patients with refractory and relapsed myeloma; MRD-negative status was achieved in 26% of treated patients. Almost all patients had grade 3 or 4 toxic effects, most commonly hematologic toxic effects and cytokine release syndrome. (Funded by bluebird bio and Celgene, a Bristol-Myers Squibb company; KarMMa ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03361748.).
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Claims the paper makes
4 of 10 cited sources checked · 2 supported · 0 flagged · accuracy not yet measured
Every source the paper cites for this claim was checked and supports it.
In the paper
“The B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA)-directed CAR T cell idecabtagene vicleucel (ide-cel, also called bb2121) showed promising efficacy in a phase 1 study involving patients with relapsed or refractory myeloma.11”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > D
What the sources say
- Supportedcites [11] 11. Raje N, Berdeja J, Lin Y, et al. Anti- BCMA CAR T-cell therapy bb2121 in re- lapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. N Engl J Med 2019; 380: 1726-37. source
The Methods identify bb2121 as an anti-BCMA CAR T-cell therapy studied in a phase 1 trial involving patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. The Discussion reports an 85% clinical response rate, supporting the characterization of its efficacy as promising. (LLM, conf=0.94)
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passes- Supported
The sources with a verdict support this claim; the rest weren’t checked yet, have no full text we could read, or their verdicts aren’t rated yet.
In the paper
“These efficacy results compare favorably with results in similarly heavily pretreated patients with relapsed or refractory myeloma treated with two recently approved regimens, selinexor plus dexamethasone and belantamab mafodotin (median progression-free survival, 3.7 months and 2.9 months, respectively).5,17”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Discussion
What the sources say
- Supportedcites [5] 5. Chari A, Vogl DT, Gavriatopoulou M, et al. Oral selinexor-dexamethasone for triple-class refractory multiple myeloma. N Engl J Med 2019; 381: 727-38. source
The Methods and Discussion describe patients with triple-class refractory myeloma who were heavily pretreated, with a median of seven previous regimens. The Efficacy section reports median progression-free survival of 3.7 months with selinexor plus dexamethasone. This citation supports the selinexor result; the separate belantamab result is not attributed to this paper. (LLM, conf=0.92)
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [17] 17. Lonial S, Lee HC, Badros A, et al. Belan- tamab mafodotin for relapsed or refracto- ry multiple myeloma (DREAMM-2): a two- arm, randomised, open-label, phase 2 study. Lancet Oncol 2020; 21: 207-21. source
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passes- Rests on an assumption: Cross-trial comparisons of progression-free survival between the KarMMa study and trials of selinexor plus dexamethasone or belantamab mafodotin are valid.
- Supported
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“Observed toxic effects were consistent with those in previous reports.11”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Discussion
What the sources say
- Partly supportedcites [11] 11. Raje N, Berdeja J, Lin Y, et al. Anti- BCMA CAR T-cell therapy bb2121 in re- lapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. N Engl J Med 2019; 380: 1726-37. sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The Results (Safety; page unavailable) document the observed toxic effects. The Discussion compares them with previous studies, but reports a lower incidence of severe cytokine release syndrome with bb2121 and cautions that cross-study comparisons are complicated. It does not establish that the toxic effects were generally consistent with previous reports. (LLM, conf=0.82)
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passes- Partly supported
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Duration of undetectable sBCMA correlated with response duration, and clearance of sBCMA at month 2 was associated with longer progression-free survival (Fig. S5E and S5F).”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Figure 2 (facing page). Progression-free Survival, Duration of Response, and Overall Survival.
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:correlational· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passes- Rests on an assumption: Soluble BCMA is a serum-based universal marker of myeloma burden.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“with peak levels higher in patients having cytokine release syndrome of grade 3 or higher (Fig. S6).”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Biomarkers
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:correlational· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesA result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“a somewhat higher frequency and somewhat greater depth of response were observed at the 450 × 10 6 dose (response in 81% of the pa-tients and complete response or better in 39%).”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Discussion
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesA result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“At baseline, 110 of 112 tumor samples (98%) expressed BCMA, with 109 having at least 50% BCMA-positive plasma cells, and all the patients had detectable levels of sBCMA.”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Figure 2 (facing page). Progression-free Survival, Duration of Response, and Overall Survival.
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedn = 112Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesA result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“A response was observed in 73% of the treated patients, and a complete response or better was observed in 33%;”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Discussion
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesA result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Baseline cytokine levels were not associated with higher-grade cytokine release syndrome or neurotoxic effects.”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Biomarkers
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesA result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“with an incidence of response to bridging therapy of 4%”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Discussion
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passes
- Probably not a substantial claim. 12
- It may state two separate claims as one. 32
- The quote only partly states this claim. 1
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“In contrast, CD19 epitope loss is reported to be a relatively common escape mechanism after treatment with CD19-directed CAR T-cell therapy, especially in patients with acute leukemia.18,19”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Discussion
What the sources say
- Partly supportedcites [18] 18. Cheng J, Zhao L, Zhang Y, et al. Un- derstanding the mechanisms of resis- tance to CAR T-cell therapy in malignan- cies. Front Oncol 2019; 9: 1237. sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The Tumor Factors section reports that loss of the targeted CD19 epitope enabled escape after anti-CD19 CAR T-cell therapy in relapsed B-ALL. It also reports that target-antigen-negative relapse accounts for approximately 9–25% of B-ALL relapses, but does not establish that epitope loss specifically is relatively common or more common in acute leukemia than in other malignancies. (LLM, conf=0.82)
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [19] 19. Badar T, Shah NN. Chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy for acute lympho- blastic leukemia. Curr Treat Options On- col 2020; 21: 16. source
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:direct· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Partly supported
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Among patients with persistent grade 3 or 4 neutropenia (52 patients) or thrombocytopenia (62 patients) 1 month after infusion, the median time to recovery to grade 2 or lower was 1.9 months (range, 1.2 to 5.6) and 2.1 months (range, 1.2 to 13.8), respectively”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Safety
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedn = 52Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The Kaplan-Meier estimated median progression-free survival was 8.8 months overall (95% CI, 5.6 to 11.6), 12.1 months (95% CI, 8.8 to 12.3) at the 450 × 10 6 dose, and 20.2 months (95% CI, 12.3 to could not be estimated) in patients having a complete or stringent complete response”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Efficacy
Load-bearingStrength:hedged· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The 128 treated patients had received a median of 6 previous antimyeloma regimens (range, 3 to 16), and 120 (94%) had received previous autologous hematopoietic stem-cell transplants (Table 1).”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Patients
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedn = 128Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Although high interpatient variability was observed at all doses, upper quartiles of exposure (area under the curve of the transgene level from time of dose to 28 days [AUC 0-28 days ]) were observed more frequently at the 450 × 10 6 dose (Fig. 3B).”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Cellular Pharmacokinetic Profile and Immunogenicity
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Among treated patients, 5 were positive for antidrug antibodies before infusion.”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Cellular Pharmacokinetic Profile and Immunogenicity
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Baseline sBCMA levels were elevated in treated patients and de-creased rapidly after infusion in patients who had a response, with nadir values achieved within 3 months (Fig. 3A and Fig. S5B and S5C).”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Biomarkers
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:correlational· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Rests on an assumption: Soluble BCMA is a serum-based universal marker of myeloma burden.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Neurotoxic effects developed in 23 patients (18%) and were of grade 3 in 4 patients (3%); no neurotoxic effects higher than grade 3 occurred.”
- Also stated in: § Table 1. (Continued.) · plain
“Investigator-identified neurotoxic effects were reported in 23 patients (18%), of whom 4 (3%) had grade 3 events; no grade 4 or 5 neu-rotoxic effects were observed”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Abstract
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedn = 128Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Also stated in: § Table 1. (Continued.) · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The median time to first response was 1.0 month (range, 0.5 to 8.8); the median time to a complete response or better was 2.8 months (range, 1.0 to 11.8).”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Efficacy
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“At doses of 150 × 10 6 , 300 × 10 6 , and 450 × 10 6 CAR+ T cells, neurotoxic effects of any grade were reported in 0 of 4 patients, 12 of 70 patients (17%), and 11 of 54 patients (20%), respectively, with grade 3 events in 0 patients, 1 patient (1%), and 3 patients (6%).”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Table 1. (Continued.)
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedn = 54Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Antidrug antibodies had no effect on the incidence of response or of complete response or better and had no noticeable effect on progression-free survival.”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Cellular Pharmacokinetic Profile and Immunogenicity
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Rests on an assumption: The absence of a detectable effect of antidrug antibodies on efficacy is not due to insufficient statistical power.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The Kaplan-Meier estimated median overall survival was 19.4 months (95% CI, 18.2 to could not be estimated), with an overall survival of 78% at 12 months (Fig. 2D).”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Efficacy
Load-bearingStrength:hedged· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Exposures were higher in patients who had a response than in those who did not (Fig. S5A), and higher exposure was associated with deeper response and longer progression-free survival (Fig. 3C and 3D).”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Cellular Pharmacokinetic Profile and Immunogenicity
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Achievement of undetectable sBCMA levels increased with depth of response (17 of 27 pa-”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Biomarkers
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:correlational· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesThe quote only partly states this claim.
- Rests on an assumption: Soluble BCMA is a serum-based universal marker of myeloma burden.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“At doses of 150 × 10 6 , 300 × 10 6 , and 450 × 10 6 CAR+ T cells, cytokine release syndrome of any grade was observed in 2 of 4 patients (50%), 53 of 70 patients (76%), and 52 of 54 patients (96%), respectively, with cytokine release syndrome of grade 3 or higher observed in 0 patients, 4 patients (6%), and 3 patients (6%).”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Table 1. (Continued.)
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The Kaplan-Meier estimate for median duration of response was 10.7 months (95% CI, 9.0 to 11.3) overall and 11.3 months (95% CI, 10.3 to 11.4) at the 450 × 10 6 dose”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Efficacy
Load-bearingStrength:hedged· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Cytokine release syndrome was reported in 107 patients (84%), including 7 (5%) who had events of grade 3 or higher.”
- Also stated in: § Table 1. (Continued.) · plain
“Cytokine release syndrome occurred in 107 patients (84%) and was mostly of grade 1 or 2 (Table 2 and Table S10).Five patients (4%) had grade 3 cytokine release syndrome, 1 (<1%) had grade 4, and 1 (<1%) had grade 5 (300 × 10 6 dose level).”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Abstract
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedn = 128Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Also stated in: § Table 1. (Continued.) · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Infections occurred in 88 patients (69%) and were of grade 3 or 4 in 28 (22%).”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Safety
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedn = 88Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“including many with a high tumor burden, high-risk cytogenetic abnormalities, and extramedullary disease.”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Discussion
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Common toxic effects among the 128 treated patients included neutropenia in 117 patients (91%), anemia in 89 (70%), and thrombocytopenia in 81 (63%).”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Abstract
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedn = 128Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“After disease progression, 28 patients were retreated with ide-cel (Table S4).Six patients (21%) had a second response, with durations of response ranging from 1.9 to 6.8 months; all the patients who had a response were retreated at a dose higher than their initial dose.”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Efficacy
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Most grade 3 or 4 events were hematologic toxic effects, including neutropenia in 114 patients (89%), anemia in 77 (60%), and thrombocytopenia in 67 (52%), and were at least partially related to the lymphodepleting chemotherapy administered before ide-cel infusion.”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Safety
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedn = 114Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“A total of 44 treated patients (34%) died during the study, with most deaths (27) attributed by the investigator to complications of myeloma progression (Table S12).”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Table 1. (Continued.)
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedn = 44Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Levels of proinflammatory markers, including cytokines, ferritin, and C-reactive protein, increased early after ide-cel infusion and decreased by month 1”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Biomarkers
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:direct· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The response duration increased with the depth of response; the median response duration was 4.5 months (95% CI, 2.9 to 6.7), 10.4 months (95% CI, 5.1 to 11.3), and 19.0 months (95% CI, 11.3 to could not be estimated) in patients having a best response of partial response (27 patients), very good partial response (25 patients), and complete or stringent complete response (42 patients),”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Efficacy
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:correlational· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“At the target doses of 150 × 10 6 , 300 × 10 6 , and 450 × 10 6 CAR+ T cells, a response was observed in 2 of 4 patients (50%), in 48 of 70 patients (69%), and in 44 of 54 patients (81%), respectively, and a complete response or better was observed in 1 of 4 patients (25%), in 20 of 70 patients (29%), and in 21 of 54 patients (39%).”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Efficacy
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Five patients (4%) died after 6 months from unrelated adverse events, and an additional 8 patients (6%) died after disease progression.”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Table 1. (Continued.)
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedn = 5Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Minimal residual disease (MRD)-negative status (<10 -5 nucleated cells) was confirmed in 33 patients, representing 26% of all 128 patients who were treated and 79% of the 42 patients who had a complete response or better.”
- Also stated in: § Efficacy · plain
“Of the 42 patients with a complete or stringent complete response, 33 (79%) also had MRDnegative status at a sensitivity level of 10 -5 , corresponding to 26% (95% CI, 19 to 34) of the treated population; the remaining 9 patients (21%) could not be evaluated for MRD”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Abstract
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedn = 33Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Also stated in: § Efficacy · plain
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“High-grade hematologic toxic effects were common but transient.”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Discussion
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The fact that MRDnegative responses occurred in approximately a quarter of the patients highlights the depth of response induced by ide-cel.”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Discussion
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Rests on an assumption: MRD negativity at a sensitivity of 10^-5 is a valid measure of depth of response and clinical benefit.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The study protocol was approved by local or independent institutional review boards or ethics committees at participating sites.All the patients provided written informed consent.”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Study Oversight
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Nearly all tumors expressed BCMA, a finding that supports the use of ide-cel in relapsed and refractory myeloma without restriction based on tumor BCMA expression.”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Discussion
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Rests on an assumption: BCMA expression is required for ide-cel efficacy, so lack of tumor BCMA expression would limit its use.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The primary efficacy analysis was performed in the population of patients treated with ide-cel (128 patients).”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Statistical Analysis
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Between December 13, 2017, and November 13, 2018, a total of 140 patients were enrolled and underwent leukapheresis, of whom 128 received ide-cel infusions.Twelve patients discontinued the study before ide-cel infusion (including 1 patient who discontinued after unsuccessful manufacture of the CAR T-cell product)”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Patients
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedn = 140Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The study was designed by the authors in conjunction with the sponsors and conducted in accordance with the International Council for Harmonisation guidelines for Good Clinical Practice and the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Study Oversight
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The sample size for the primary end point (overall response) was based on a onesample binomial test with normal approximation, under the assumption of 15% dropout between the time of enrollment and ide-cel treatment.”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Statistical Analysis
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Statistical tests were not performed on subgroup analyses.”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Statistical Analysis
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The primary end point was an overall response (partial response or better), defined according to IMWG Uniform Response Criteria for Multiple Myeloma 12 as assessed by an independent review committee.”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > End Points and Assessments
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“MRD negativity was evaluated in bone marrow aspirates by next-generation sequencing (clonoSEQ, Adaptive Biotechnologies) with a minimum cutoff of 10 -5 nucleated cells.”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > End Points and Assessments
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The actual doses delivered were within 20% of the target doses.”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Study Design and Patients
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Adverse events were graded according to National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI CTCAE), version 4.03.Cytokine release syndrome was graded according to published criteria (Table S2).14”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > End Points and Assessments
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
The paper relies on this without support.
Soluble BCMA is a serum-based universal marker of myeloma burden.
“Soluble BCMA was assessed as a serum-based universal marker of myeloma burden.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Cross-trial comparisons of progression-free survival between the KarMMa study and trials of selinexor plus dexamethasone or belantamab mafodotin are valid.
“These efficacy results compare favorably with results in similarly heavily pretreated patients with relapsed or refractory myeloma treated with two recently approved regimens, selinexor plus dexamethasone and belantamab mafodotin (median progression-free survival, 3.7 months and 2.9 months, respectively).5,17”
The paper relies on this without support.
MRD negativity at a sensitivity of 10^-5 is a valid measure of depth of response and clinical benefit.
“The fact that MRDnegative responses occurred in approximately a quarter of the patients highlights the depth of response induced by ide-cel.”
The paper relies on this without support.
BCMA expression is required for ide-cel efficacy, so lack of tumor BCMA expression would limit its use.
“Nearly all tumors expressed BCMA, a finding that supports the use of ide-cel in relapsed and refractory myeloma without restriction based on tumor BCMA expression.”
The paper relies on this without support.
The absence of a detectable effect of antidrug antibodies on efficacy is not due to insufficient statistical power.
“Antidrug antibodies had no effect on the incidence of response or of complete response or better and had no noticeable effect on progression-free survival.”
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Idecabtagene vicleucel (ide-cel) and ciltacabtagene autoleucel (cilta-cel) are newly approved CAR-T products targeting BCMA that are active in relapsed refractory myeloma.89,90”
From Multiple myeloma: 2024 update on diagnosis, risk-stratification, and management (2024) · cites this paper as [89]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Safety of ide-cel remained consistent with the IA, with no parkinsonism, Guillain-Barré syndrome, or SPMs of T-cell origin reported. 13”
From Ide-cel vs standard regimens in triple-class-exposed relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma: updated KarMMa-3 analyses. (2024) · cites this paper as [18]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Common side effects such as CRS and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS) were mostly low grade, indicating manageable toxicity.”
From Multiple myeloma: signaling pathways and targeted therapy (2024) · cites this paper as [243]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“The median duration of response (mDOR) was 11 months in patients achieving CR and 19 months in those achieving stringent complete response (sCR).”
From Multiple myeloma: signaling pathways and targeted therapy (2024) · cites this paper as [243]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“A number of BCMA-directed therapies, including belantamab mafodotin, idecabtagene vicleucel (ide-cel), ciltacabtagene autoleucel (cilta-cel) and teclistamab, have shown efficacy in clinical trials and are approved for the treatment of relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma4–9.”
From Elranatamab in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma: phase 2 MagnetisMM-3 trial results (2023) · cites this paper as [5]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Median DOR and PFS were 10.7 months and 8.8 months, respectively, for ide-cel, and were both not reached for cilta-cel5,6.”
From Elranatamab in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma: phase 2 MagnetisMM-3 trial results (2023) · cites this paper as [5]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Although follow-up is still ongoing, among patients with ≥CR, DOR and PFS at 15 months with elranatamab were comparable to those observed with other BCMA-targeted T-cell-redirecting therapies, suggesting similar outcomes once a deep response is achieved5,24,25.”
From Elranatamab in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma: phase 2 MagnetisMM-3 trial results (2023) · cites this paper as [5]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“High response rates have been reported with the BCMA chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapies, ide-cel and cilta-cel, with responses reported in 73% and 97% of treated patients, respectively.”
From Elranatamab in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma: phase 2 MagnetisMM-3 trial results (2023) · cites this paper as [5]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“In comparison to other BCMA-targeted T-cell-redirecting therapies, the rate of hematologic AEs with elranatamab was similar or lower after a similar follow-up4–6.”
From Elranatamab in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma: phase 2 MagnetisMM-3 trial results (2023) · cites this paper as [5]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“CAR-T therapy requires that patients have access to specialized care centers and can wait the minimum 4-week period for production, which can result in attrition rates of approximately 10 to 15%,6-8”
From Teclistamab in Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma (2022) · cites this paper as [6]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Among 128 patients with relapsed refractory myeloma treated on a phase II trial, ide-cel was associated with a response rate of 73%.89 Thirty three percent of patients had a complete response or better. The median PFS was 8.8 months.”
From Multiple myeloma: 2024 update on diagnosis, risk-stratification, and management (2024) · cites this paper as [89]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Cytokine release syndrome was seen in 84%, and 5% were grade 3 or higher. Neurotoxicity was seen in 18%, and was grade 3 in 3%.”
From Multiple myeloma: 2024 update on diagnosis, risk-stratification, and management (2024) · cites this paper as [89]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has shown promising ef fi cacy in patients with TCE R/RMM. 13-21”
From Ide-cel vs standard regimens in triple-class-exposed relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma: updated KarMMa-3 analyses. (2024) · cites this paper as [18]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“In the KarMMa study involving 128 patients with RRMM, the overall response rate (ORR) to a single infusion of Abecma was 73%, with a complete response (CR) rate of 33%.”
From Multiple myeloma: signaling pathways and targeted therapy (2024) · cites this paper as [243]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Abecma has demonstrated the ability to induce rapid, deep, and long-lasting remissions with just one infusion, providing a new and effective personalized therapy option for MM patients [227, 243, 258, 259].”
From Multiple myeloma: signaling pathways and targeted therapy (2024) · cites this paper as [243]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“In contrast, higher-grade cytokine release syndrome and neurotoxic events have been described after CAR-T administration in patients with multiple myeloma.6,8”
From Teclistamab in Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma (2022) · cites this paper as [6]
The check wasn’t confident either way, so it gives no verdict — never disputed.
In the citing paper
“Similarly, patients with advanced disease stage (R-ISS stage III) have consistently shown poorer outcomes irrespective of the therapy received4–6,19–22.”
From Elranatamab in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma: phase 2 MagnetisMM-3 trial results (2023) · cites this paper as [5]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn the citing paper
“Recently approved therapies such as selinexor, 9 belantamab mafodotin, 10 idecabtagene vicleucel, 11 and ciltacabtagene autoleucel 12 have had clinical benefit in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma.”
From Talquetamab, a T-Cell–Redirecting GPRC5D Bispecific Antibody for Multiple Myeloma (2022) · cites this paper as [11]
Citations
Cites
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Self-citationCurrent concepts in the diagnosis and management of cytokine release syndrome.
Lee, D. W., Gardner, R., Porter, D. L., Louis, C. U., Ahmed, N., Jensen, M., Grupp, S. A., & Mackall, C. L. (2014) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2014-05-552729 · Cited by 2,806
Anti-BCMA CAR T-cell therapy bb2121 in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma.
Raje, N., Berdeja, J., Lin, Y., Siegel, D., Jagannath, S., Madduri, D., Liedtke, M., Rosenblatt, J., Maus, M. V., Turka, A., et al. (2019) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1817226 · Cited by 1,730
Self-citationLonial, S., Lee, H. C., Badros, A., Trudel, S., Nooka, A. K., Chari, A., Abdallah, A.-O., Callander, N., Lendvai, N., Sborov, D., et al. (2020) · The Lancet Oncology · doi:10.1016/s1470-2045(19)30788-0 · Cited by 812
Self-citationOral selinexor-dexamethasone for triple-class refractory multiple myeloma.
Chari, A., Vogl, D. T., Gavriatopoulou, M., Nooka, A. K., Yee, A. J., Huff, C. A., Moreau, P., Dingli, D., Cole, C., Lonial, S., et al. (2019) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1903455 · Cited by 666
Self-citationOutcomes of patients with multiple myeloma refractory to CD38-targeted monoclonal antibody therapy.
Gandhi, U. H., Cornell, R. F., Lakshman, A., Gahvari, Z. J., McGehee, E., Jagosky, M. H., Gupta, R., Varnado, W., Fiala, M. A., Chhabra, S., et al. (2019) · Leukemia · doi:10.1038/s41375-019-0435-7 · Cited by 616
Friedman, K. M., Garrett, T. E., Evans, J. W., Horton, H. M., Latimer, H. J., Seidel, S. L., Horvath, C. J., & Morgan, R. A. (2018) · Human Gene Therapy · doi:10.1089/hum.2018.001 · Cited by 205
Treatment of relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma
Sonneveld, P., & Broijl, A. (2016) · Haematologica · doi:10.3324/haematol.2015.129189 · Cited by 181
CAR T-cell therapy in hematologic malignancies: a voyage in progress.
Holstein, S. A., & Lunning, M. A. (2020) · Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1002/cpt.1674 · Cited by 172
Understanding the mechanisms of resistance to CAR T-cell therapy in malignancies.
Cheng, J., Zhao, L., Zhang, Y., Qin, Y., Guan, Y., Zhang, T., Liu, C., & Zhou, J. (2019) · Frontiers in Oncology · doi:10.3389/fonc.2019.01237 · Cited by 153
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Items 1,201–1,300 of 2,535
Future Developments in the Treatment of AL Amyloidosis
Theodorakakou, F., Fotiou, D., Dimopoulos, M. A., & Kastritis, E. (2022) · Hemato · doi:10.3390/hemato3010012 · Cited by 9
“Several clinical trials with diverse BCMA-CAR T-cell constructs in RRMM patients are currently underway and results are promising [59,67].”
BackgroundPost-CAR-T Cell Therapy (Consolidation and Relapse): Multiple Myeloma
Rodríguez‐Otero, P., & Miguel, J. F. S. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-94353-0_34 · Cited by 8
Stolz, S. M., Roncador, M., Rösler, W., Zenz, T., Manz, M. G., Müller, A. M. S., & Widmer, C. C. (2022) · Swiss Medical Weekly · doi:10.4414/smw.2022.w30186 · Cited by 8
“Within the last year, two additional CAR-T cell products have been approved in Switzerland, brexucabtagene autoleucel (KTE-X19; Tecartus®) for relapsed/refractory mantle cell lymphoma, based on the results of the ZUMA-2 study [12], and idecabtagene vicleucel (ide-cel; Abecma®) for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma,…”
BackgroundSocioeconomic and Racial Disparity in Chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CART)Therapy Access
Blue, B. J. (2022) · Transplantation and Cellular Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.jtct.2022.06.004 · Cited by 8
Recent advances in the management of older adults with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma in Japan
Suzuki, T., Maruyama, D., Iida, S., & Nagai, H. (2022) · Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1093/jjco/hyac111 · Cited by 8
“B-cell mature antigen (BCMA) is one of the most promising targets, and antibody–drug conjugate (38), bispecific antibody (39), bispecific T-cell engager (40) and chimeric antigen Tcells (CAR T-cells) (41,42) which target BCMA showed high clinical efficacy.”
BackgroundToxicity management strategies for next-generation novel therapeutics in multiple myeloma
Steinbach, M. N., Julian, K. L., McClune, B. L., & Sborov, D. W. (2022) · Therapeutic Advances in Hematology · doi:10.1177/20406207221100659 · Cited by 8
Mateos, M., Prósper, F., Martín, J., Ocio, E. M., Oriol, A., Motlló, C., Michot, J., Jarque, I., Iglesias, R., Solé, M., et al. (2022) · Cancer Medicine · doi:10.1002/cam4.5250 · Cited by 7
Self-citationTeclistamab impairs detection of BCMA CAR-T cells
Glatte, B., Wenk, K., Grahnert, A., Friedrich, M., Merz, M., Vučinić, V., Fischer, L., Reiche, K., Alb, M., Hudecek, M., et al. (2023) · Blood Advances · doi:10.1182/bloodadvances.2023009714 · Cited by 8
Moscvin, M., Evans, B., & Bianchi, G. (2023) · Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment · doi:10.20517/2394-4722.2022.110 · Cited by 8
“…was the first CAR-T cell approved for patients with relapsed or refractory MM (RRMM), following the phase II KARMMA-1 trial results, showing an overall response rate (ORR) of 73%, median progression-free survival (PFS) of 8.6 months with 33% of patients achieving complete remission (CR) [158,159] .”
BackgroundInfluentialCRISPR library screening to develop HEK293-derived cell lines with improved lentiviral vector titers
Iaffaldano, B. J., Marino, M. P., & Reiser, J. (2023) · Frontiers in Genome Editing · doi:10.3389/fgeed.2023.1218328 · Cited by 7
“, 2020), as well as Abecma (idecabtagene vicleucel) and Carvykti (ciltacabtagene autoleuce) to treat multiple myeloma (Munshi et al., 2021; U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 2022a).”
BackgroundUpdate on the current and future use of CAR‐T to treat multiple myeloma
Gahvari, Z. J., Brunner, M., Schmidt, T. M., & Callander, N. S. (2023) · European Journal Of Haematology · doi:10.1111/ejh.14145 · Cited by 9
“10,55 Soluble BCMA (sBCMA), which is produced by shedding of BCMA from the cell surface into circulation, correlates with myeloma cell activity and tumor burden, 57 and has been proposed as a mechanism of resistance to BCMA-directed therapies.”
BackgroundEmerging Targets and Cellular Therapy for Relapsed Refractory Multiple Myeloma: A Systematic Review
George, L. L., Deshpande, S., Cortese, M. J., Kendall, E. K., Chattaraj, A., Shah, Z., Zhao, J., & Anwer, F. (2021) · Clinical Lymphoma Myeloma & Leukemia · doi:10.1016/j.clml.2021.06.003 · Cited by 8
Therapeutic Potential of Innate Lymphoid Cells for Multiple Myeloma Therapy
Szudy‐Szczyrek, A., Ahern, S., Kozioł, M., Majowicz, D., Szczyrek, M., Krawczyk, J., & Hus, M. (2021) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers13194806 · Cited by 9
CAR T-cell immunotherapy: a powerful weapon for fighting hematological B-cell malignancies
Mi, J., Xu, J., Zhou, J., Zhao, W., Zhu, C. H., Melenhorst, J. J., & Chen, S. (2021) · Frontiers of Medicine · doi:10.1007/s11684-021-0904-z · Cited by 8
“Two leading products, idecabtagene vicleucel (Bluebird Bio/Celgene) and ciltacabtagene autoleucel (Nanjing Legend/Janssen), have accomplished multi-institutional trials with a remarkable overall response of 73%–95% [22,24].”
BackgroundJessee, J. K. (2021) · Annals of Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1177/10600280211058388 · Cited by 8
CAR-T Therapy in Relapsed Refractory Multiple Myeloma
Ding, H. S., & Wu, Y. (2023) · Current Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.2174/0109298673268932230920063933 · Cited by 10
Kowalski, A., Lykon, J., Diamond, B. T., Coffey, D. G., Kaddoura, M., Maura, F., Hoffman, J. E., Kazandjian, D. G., & Landgren, O. (2024) · Blood Cancer Discovery · doi:10.1158/2643-3230.bcd-23-0228 · Cited by 9
Advanced Strategies of CAR-T Cell Therapy in Solid Tumors and Hematological Malignancies
Liu, Y., Cao, P., Ahad, F., Zaidi, S. A. A., Muluh, T. A., & Fu, Q. (2024) · Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery · doi:10.2174/0115748928277331231218115402 · Cited by 10
Nealy, E. S., Reed, J., Adelmund, S. M., Badeau, B. A., Shadish, J. A., Girard, E. J., Brasel, K., Pakiam, F. J., Mhyre, A. J., Price, J. P., et al. (2024) · Bioengineering & Translational Medicine · doi:10.1002/btm2.10668 · Cited by 7
Khouri, J., Dima, D., Li, H., Hansen, D. K., Sidana, S., Shune, L. O., Anwer, F., Sborov, D. W., Wagner, C. B., Kocoglu, M. H., et al. (2024) · Transplantation and Cellular Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.jtct.2024.05.025 · Cited by 7
Self-citationWiedemann, G., Bacher, U., Joncourt, R., Solly, F., Widmer, C. C., Zeerleder, S. S., Novak, U., Pabst, T., & Porret, N. A. (2024) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms25168556 · Cited by 8
“…CAR-T products are FDA approved for the treatment of extensively pretreated patients with r/r multiple myeloma after four or more prior therapies, namely ide-cel (idecabtagene vicleucel, bb2121, Abecma) and cilta-cel (ciltacabtagene autoleucel, LCAR-B38M, JNJ-4528, JNJ-68284528) [2,3].”
BackgroundMa, J., Zhang, S., Yang, N., Shang, J., Gao, X., Chen, J., Wei, H., Li, Y., Zeng, H., Xu, H., et al. (2024) · European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging · doi:10.1007/s00259-024-06907-3 · Cited by 9
Cancer Therapy-Induced Encephalitis
Desbaillets, N., & Hottinger, A. F. (2024) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers16213571 · Cited by 7
“Lisocabtagene maraleucel (BREYANZI ® ) [52] and two directed against BCMA in multiple myeloma idecabtagene vicleucel (ABECMA ® ) [53] and ciltacabtagene autoleucel (CARVYKTI ® ) [54].”
Zolnowski, D., Karp, S., Warncke, P., Zinn, J., Pannach, M., Herbst, R., Hänel, A., Morgner, A., Ibach, S., Fricke, S., et al. (2024) · Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1007/s00432-024-05993-y · Cited by 7
“…receptor (CAR) T cells in pts with relapsed/refractory MM (Berdeja et al. 2021; Krishnan et al. 2023; Lesokhin et al. 2023; Moreau et al. 2022; Munshi et al. 2021; Schinke et al. 2023), the outcomes of these innovative cellular and immunotherapies in pts with STP have, thus far, been rather…”
BackgroundResultCellular Therapies for Multiple Myeloma: Engineering Hope
Vera-Cruz, S., Culubret, M., Konetzki, V., Alb, M., Friedel, S. R., Hudecek, M., Einsele, H., Danhof, S., & Scheller, L. (2024) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers16223867 · Cited by 9
“CRS is a commonly observed inflammatory syndrome in CAR-T cell therapy characterized by increased chemokine and cytokine levels, and it has been reported for all six approved CAR-T cell products [33,69,145].”
Self-citationCAR-T Cells for the Treatment of Central Nervous System Tumours: Known and Emerging Neurotoxicities
Palazzo, L., Pieri, V., Berzero, G., & Filippi, M. (2024) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci14121220 · Cited by 7
Supportive care in myeloma—when treating the clone alone is not enough
Zweegman, S., & van de Donk, N. W. C. J. (2024) · Hematology · doi:10.1182/hematology.2024000579 · Cited by 7
CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy: what can we learn from the haematologist?
Kuipers, M. T., & Kersten, M. J. (2025) · Lupus Science & Medicine · doi:10.1136/lupus-2024-001157 · Cited by 7
Li, J., Guo, R., Li, D., et al. (2025) · International Immunopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2025.114113 · Cited by 7
Elmeliegy, M., Viqueira, A., Vandendries, E., Hickman, A., Conte, U., Irby, D., Hibma, J., Lon, H.-K., Piscitelli, J., Soltantabar, P., et al. (2025) · Targeted oncology · doi:10.1007/s11523-025-01134-8 · Cited by 8
“[27] versus the 12/32-mg priming regimen (any grade, 3.3%; grade 3, 1.1%), which could be related to the higher CRS rates and the inability/difficulty to implement fractionated dosing regimens with CAR T-cell therapies.”
InfluentialZhou, Q., An, Y., Zhang, X., Xiao, X., Bai, X., Liu, P., Pu, Y., Meng, J., Zhu, H., Lyu, C., et al. (2025) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2025.1530623 · Cited by 9
Iida, S., Sunami, K., Ito, S., Yuda, J., Fujikawa, E., Takamoto, M., Aida, K., Yamazaki, H., Takahashi, M., & Ishida, T. (2025) · International Journal of Hematology · doi:10.1007/s12185-025-03991-5 · Cited by 7
“While recent therapies for triple-class exposed RRMM have resulted in improved outcomes [10–15], myeloma patients will eventually relapse.”
Ailawadhi, S., Anderson, L. D., Dhakal, B., et al. (2025) · Clinical Lymphoma Myeloma & Leukemia · doi:10.1016/j.clml.2025.08.005 · Cited by 7
Self-citationStefanou, E., Tsitsinakis, G., Karageorgou, D., & Kole, C. (2025) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers17172838 · Cited by 9
Application of nanobody‑based CAR‑T in tumor immunotherapy (Review)
Liu, H., Liu, X., Zhou, X., Duan, S., Huang, X., Fei, H., & Kou, Y. (2025) · International Journal of Molecular Medicine · doi:10.3892/ijmm.2025.5628 · Cited by 8
“T cell treatments developed by Memorial Sloan Kettering and Janssen (148,149), both of which obtained authorization for their clinical use from the US FdA in 2021 and 2022, respectively.”
Fathah, D. E., & Ejaz, S. (2025) · Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute · doi:10.1186/s43046-025-00317-8 · Cited by 9
CRISPR/Cas strategies to enhance CAR T-cell function and persistence via metabolic reprogramming
Wang, M. R., Mu, W., Zhen, A., & Kitchen, S. G. (2026) · Trends in biotechnology · doi:10.1016/j.tibtech.2025.12.001 · Cited by 9
Filippatos, C., Kanteli, I., Pasipoularidou, D. G., Gavriatopoulou, M., Tentolouris, A., Malandrakis, P., Sergentanis, T. Ν., Terpos, E., & Ntanasis‐Stathopoulos, I. (2026) · American Journal of Hematology · doi:10.1002/ajh.70201 · Cited by 7
Baena, J. C., Cabrera-Salcedo, S. C., Suárez, Y. C., Biancha‐Vasco, J. M., Ríos-Serna, L. J., García-Mantilla, M. D., Estrada, M., Hincapie, J. S. V., Toro-Pedroza, A., García-Robledo, J. E., et al. (2026) · Journal of Nanobiotechnology · doi:10.1186/s12951-026-04089-8 · Cited by 8
“…remission in relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia and 82% objective response in lymphoma [138, 139], and BCMA CAR-T achieving 73–84.6% overall response in multiple myeloma [140, 141], they are frequently limited by CRS, ICANS, GvHD, and poor penetration into the immunosuppressive TME [142, 143].”
InfluentialClinical progress of engineered cellular immunotherapies for autoimmunity
Solimani, F., Amagai, M., Bollard, C. M., & Payne, A. S. (2026) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/s41587-026-03001-x · Cited by 8
The evolution to hepta-refractory myeloma involves sequential loss of CD38, BCMA and GPRC5D
Riedhammer, C., Truger, M., Lee, H., Leypoldt, L., Meggendorfer, M., Hutter, S., Müller, H., Mersi, J., Kadel, S., Buchwald, T., et al. (2026) · Leukemia · doi:10.1038/s41375-026-02889-3 · Cited by 6
Self-citationPaving the road to make chimeric antigen receptor‐T‐cell therapy effective against solid tumors
Adachi, K., & Tamada, K. (2022) · Cancer Science · doi:10.1111/cas.15552 · Cited by 7
Chen, D., Wang, X., Zhi, C., Jiang, S., Jiang, H., Fu, W., Fang, X., Sun, X., & Du, J. (2022) · American Journal of Hematology · doi:10.1002/ajh.26745 · Cited by 7
Gaffney, K. J., Davis, J. A., McGann, M., Edwards, K. H., Ahmed, Z., Butcher, C., Greenwell, B., Hess, B. T., & Hashmi, H. (2023) · Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice · doi:10.1177/10781552231170757 · Cited by 8
Measurable residual disease in peripheral blood in myeloma: dream or reality
Kubicki, T., Derman, B. A., Dytfeld, D., & Jakubowiak, A. J. (2023) · Current Opinion in Oncology · doi:10.1097/cco.0000000000000987 · Cited by 7
Sun, F., Cheng, Y., Chen, J.-R., Wanchai, V., Mery, D. E., Xu, H.-W., Gai, D.-Z., al Hadidi, S., Schinke, C., Thanendrarajan, S., et al. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci171396 · Cited by 6
“Importantly, the FDA has approved anti–BCMA-specific CAR-T cell therapies for the treatment of MM (14–16).”
BackgroundInfluentialTristan Knight, E., Oluwole, O. O., & Kitko, C. L. (2024) · Clinical Hematology International · doi:10.46989/001c.94386 · Cited by 7
Personalized Treatment of Multiple Myeloma in Frail Patients
Lipof, J. J., Abdallah, N. H., & Lipe, B. C. (2024) · Current Oncology Reports · doi:10.1007/s11912-024-01545-2 · Cited by 8
“The older patients included on the clinical trials leading to approval of these products were required to have an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0–2, which selected for patients that were much less likely to be classified as frail [70, 73].”
Meinl, E., & Krumbholz, M. (2021) · Current Opinion in Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.coi.2021.06.015 · Cited by 9
An overview of multiplexed analyses of CAR T-cell therapies: insights and potential
DePriest, B. P., Vieira, N., Bidgoli, A., & Paczesny, S. (2021) · Expert Review of Proteomics · doi:10.1080/14789450.2021.1992276 · Cited by 9
“ABECMA Idecabtagene vicleucel BCMA ● Adult patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma after four or more prior lines of therapy ● 73% Munshi [28]”
BackgroundMyeloid Immune Cells CARrying a New Weapon Against Cancer
Ramos, R. N., Couto, S. C. F., de Oliveira, T. G. M., Klinger, P. H. D. S., Braga, T. T., Rego, E. M., Barbuto, J. A. M., & Rocha, V. (2021) · Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.3389/fcell.2021.784421 · Cited by 8
“Since 2017, the Food and Drug Administration department (FDA, United States) has approved five products of CAR-T for refractory non-Hodgkin B cell lymphoma, acute lymphocytic leukemia and multiple myeloma (Maude et al., 2018; Park et al., 2018; Munshi et al., 2021).”
BackgroundAdoptive T-cell Immunotherapy: Perfecting Self-Defenses
Zur-Toledano, R., Adler, G., Shamalov, K., Tal, Y., Ankri, C., & Cohen, C. J. (2022) · Experientia supplementum · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-91311-3_9 · Cited by 9
Melflufen for the treatment of multiple myeloma
Ocio, E. M., Nadeem, O., Schjesvold, F. H., Gay, F., Touzeau, C., Dimopoulos, M. A., Richardson, P. G. G., & Mateos, M. (2022) · Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1080/17512433.2022.2075847 · Cited by 8
Lapietra, G., Fazio, F., & Petrucci, M. T. (2022) · Biomolecules · doi:10.3390/biom12081146 · Cited by 8
“Even if targeting BCMA, both by using BiTEs (see above) and by using CAR-T [84,85], has shown encouraging results in the therapy of RRMM, the expression of this antigen on the surface of aberrant plasma cells may vary over time, due to action of γ-secretase and to therapeutic pressure.”
MethodInfluentialTrial designs and endpoints for immune therapies in multiple myeloma
Lancman, G., Moshier, E. L., Cho, H. J., Parekh, S. S., Richard, S., Richter, J. R., Rodriguez, C., Rossi, A., Sanchez, L. J., Jagannath, S., et al. (2022) · American Journal of Hematology · doi:10.1002/ajh.26753 · Cited by 8
“However, unusual late toxicities have occurred, such as Parkinsonism and second primary malignancies with anti-BCMA CAR-T.26,27 Future trials could account for possible lateonset toxicities (and efficacy) by utilizing a time-to-event Bayesian optimal interval, TITE-BOIN (or TITE-BOIN12) design that allows inclusion of…”
BackgroundResultInfluentialCoated recombinant target protein helps explore IL-1RAP CAR T-cell functionality in vitro
Rocha, M. N. D., Guiot, M., Nicod, C., Trad, R., Bouquet, L., Haderbache, R., Warda, W., Baurand, P.-E., Jouanneau, C., Dulieu, P., et al. (2022) · Immunologic Research · doi:10.1007/s12026-022-09348-y · Cited by 7
“Five such therapies have been approved by regulatory agencies for blood cancers unresponsive to other treatments, such as B-cell acute lymphoid leukemia [1], B-lymphoma (diffuse large B-cell [2] and mantle cell lymphoma [3]), and multiple myeloma [4].”
BackgroundAllogeneic Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells for Hematologic Malignancies
Yang, Y., Bi, X., Gergis, M., Yi, D., Hsu, J., & Gergis, U. S. (2022) · Hematology/Oncology and Stem Cell Therapy · doi:10.56875/2589-0646.1030 · Cited by 8
“Patients in whom the absolute lymphocyte count was below the threshold were excluded from the pivotal clinical trials [3,6,19,20].”
BackgroundBiltibo, E., & Berdeja, J. (2023) · Clinical Lymphoma, Myeloma & Leukemia · doi:10.1016/j.clml.2023.01.017 · Cited by 8
Self-citationCoombs, C. C., Easaw, S. M., Grover, N. S., & O'Brien, S. M. (2023) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers15061838 · Cited by 7
“There have also been two FDA-approved products for use in multiple myeloma (MM) that target B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) (idecabtagene vicleucel and ciltacabtagene autoleucel) [3,4].”
BackgroundAhmed, N., Mahmoudjafari, Z., Hamadani, M., & Hashmi, H. (2023) · Transplantation and Cellular Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.jtct.2023.03.021 · Cited by 7
Current Main Topics in Multiple Myeloma
Morè, S., Corvatta, L., Manieri, V. M., Olivieri, A., & Offidani, M. (2023) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers15082203 · Cited by 8
“Ide-cel was the first approved by FDA in March 2021, on the results of KARMMA2 multicohort, phase II, multicenter trial, that demonstrated excellent responses in the majority of 128 heavily pre-treated patients who had received a median of 6 prior antimyeloma therapies (range, 3–16), with a manageable safety profile […”
How Old is Too Old for CAR-T Cell Therapies in Multiple Myeloma?
Rajeeve, S., & Usmani, S. Z. (2023) · Transplantation and Cellular Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.jtct.2023.05.001 · Cited by 7
Is it a chimera? A systematic review of the economic evaluations of CAR-T cell therapy - an update
Petrou, P. (2023) · Expert review of pharmacoeconomics & outcomes research · doi:10.1080/14737167.2023.2214731 · Cited by 6
“The corresponding objective rate of brexucabtagene autoleucel, in Mantle-cell lymphoma was 93% [3] for Lisocabtagene maraleucel in relapsed or refractory large B-cell lymphomas was 73% [4] and idecabtagene vicleucel demonstrated 73% response rate [5].”
BackgroundKonishi, T., Ochi, T., Maruta, M., Tanimoto, K., Miyazaki, Y., Iwamoto, C., Saitou, T., Imamura, T., Yasukawa, M., & Takenaka, K. (2023) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood.2022019082 · Cited by 8
Epigenetic targeting to enhance acute myeloid leukemia-directed immunotherapy
Rausch, J., Ullrich, E., & Kühn, M. W. M. (2023) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2023.1269012 · Cited by 8
Midha, S., Hartley-Brown, M. A., Mo, C. C., Hossain, S., Nadeem, O., O’Donnell, E., Bianchi, G., Sperling, A. S., Laubach, J. P., & Richardson, P. G. G. (2023) · Expert Opinion on Drug Safety · doi:10.1080/14740338.2023.2274420 · Cited by 7
“However, more severe events appear slightly more common with the CAR T cell therapies than with the bispecifics, with rates of grade ≥3 CRS of 1–10% [103–106,108–111] and rare grade 5 events ( n = 3 with ide-cel in KarMMa and KarMMa-3, n = 1 with cilta-cel in CARTITUDE-1).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialMarquard, F. E., Langebrake, C., Janson, D., et al. (2023) · Frontiers in Oncology · doi:10.3389/fonc.2023.1288764 · Cited by 7
“In patients with normal kidney function grade III or IV neutropenia was observed in 89%, anemia in 60%, and thrombocytopenia in 52% (3).”
BackgroundStraßl, I., & Podar, K. (2024) · Expert Opinion on Drug Discovery · doi:10.1080/17460441.2024.2319672 · Cited by 8
“…bb2121) developed by Bluebird Bio (BB) and marketed by Bristol Myers Squibb (BMS), was the first (US FDA: 27 March 2021; EMA: 19 August 2021) [42,43]; based on the phase 1b/2 CARTITUDE-1 trial ciltacabtagene autoleucel (Cilta-cel) was the second (FDA: 28 February 2022; EMA conditional…”
MethodExtensive myelitis with eosinophilic meningitis after Chimeric antigen receptor T cells therapy
Calvez, B. L., Eveillard, M., Decamps, P., et al. (2022) · eJHaem · doi:10.1002/jha2.381 · Cited by 7
Timing antigenic escape in multiple myeloma treated with T-cell redirecting immunotherapiesPreprint
Papadimitriou, M., Ahn, S., Diamond, B. T., Lee, H., McIntyre, J., Truger, M. S., Durante, M. A., Ziccheddu, B., Landgren, O., Rasche, L., et al. (2024) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2024.05.22.595383 · Cited by 7
Ding, S., Chen, R., Wang, L., et al. (2023) · BMC Cancer · doi:10.1186/s12885-023-11540-8 · Cited by 6
“…is a novel and adoptive immunotherapy that revolutionized the treatment of hematological malignancies, achieving 81% [1], 52–67% [2] and 73–85% [3] complete response (CR) rates in patients with refractory relapsed acute B-cell leukemia, B-cell lymphoma, and multiple myeloma, respectively, in…”
BackgroundZFP36 disruption is insufficient to enhance the function of mesothelin-targeting human CAR-T cells
Mai, D., Boyce, T., Mehta, A., Reff, J., Scholler, J., Sheppard, N. C., & June, C. H. (2024) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-53769-8 · Cited by 7
Li, D., Xu, Z., Wen, S., et al. (2024) · Therapeutic Innovation & Regulatory Science · doi:10.1007/s43441-024-00652-3 · Cited by 6
Current progress in chimeric antigen receptor T‐cell therapy for malignant tumors
Zheng, Y., Huang, J., Xu, Y., & Luo, H. (2024) · MedComm – Future Medicine · doi:10.1002/mef2.79 · Cited by 5
Overexpression of an Engineered SERPINB9 Enhances Allogeneic T-cell Persistence and Efficacy
Teo, P. Y., Jung, Y., Quach, D. H., Koh, J., Ong, R., Goh, A. X., Tan, A. S. M., Ng, C. H., Seh, C. C., Tan, K. W., et al. (2024) · Cancer Immunology Research · doi:10.1158/2326-6066.cir-23-1001 · Cited by 8
Hansen, D. K., Dhakal, B., Hamadani, M., et al. (2024) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2024.1405452 · Cited by 6
BCMA-Directed MRD Detection as a Predictor of Relapse after BCMA CAR T in Multiple Myeloma
Rashid, A., Wesson, W., Abdallah, A.-O. A., et al. (2024) · Clinical Lymphoma Myeloma & Leukemia · doi:10.1016/j.clml.2024.10.003 · Cited by 6
Jo, T., Yoshihara, K., Ri, M., Tsukada, N., Mimura, N., Fujii, K., Fukushima, K., Fujiwara, S., Shimura, Y., Haraguchi, K., et al. (2024) · Blood Neoplasia · doi:10.1016/j.bneo.2024.100051 · Cited by 7
Rambaldi, B., Rizzuto, G., Rambaldi, A., & Introna, M. (2024) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2024.1459175 · Cited by 6
Self-citationHe, X., Zhang, X., Yu, Z., Meng, J., Jiang, Y., Zhao, Y., Lyu, H., Bai, X., Xiao, X., & Zhao, M. (2024) · Blood Advances · doi:10.1182/bloodadvances.2024014982 · Cited by 6
“10 EMM is an independent prognostic risk factor for patients with RRMM. 12,13 There is no consensus on standardized treatment regimens for EMM.”
Belantamab mafodotin in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma: a real-world experience
Hultcrantz, M. L., Derkach, A., Hassoun, H., Korde, N., Maclachlan, K. H., Mailankody, S., Patel, D., Shah, U. A., Tan, C. R. C., Chung, D. J., et al. (2025) · Blood Neoplasia · doi:10.1016/j.bneo.2025.100103 · Cited by 6
Mancuso, K., Talarico, M., Manzato, E., Barbato, S., Tacchetti, P., Zamagni, E., & Cavo, M. (2025) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers17091514 · Cited by 9
“By contrast, it has occasionally been described in association with different CAR-T constructs, with experience in MM patients currently limited to clinical trials [1–3,”
InfluentialSelf-citationNovellis, D. D., Scala, P., Giudice, V., & Selleri, C. (2025) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells14110776 · Cited by 6
“Ide-cel, the first FDA-approved anti-MM CAR-T product, has shown efficacy also in HRMM, although with lower ORR and shorter PFS compared to standard-risk patients, as shown in the phase 2 KarMMa study [74,110].”
Shang, K., Huang, D., Liu, J., et al. (2025) · Cell Reports Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.xcrm.2025.102148 · Cited by 6
Epigenetic reprogramming holds promise in enhancing anti-tumor efficacy of CAR T cell therapy
Zheng, Y., Zhu, Q., Li, X., Ge, T., Wang, S., Jia, R., Yang, L., Wang, Y., & Zhuang, A. (2025) · Biotechnology Advances · doi:10.1016/j.biotechadv.2025.108649 · Cited by 7
Pérez-Amill, L., Armand‐Ugón, M., Val-Casals, M., et al. (2025) · Leukemia · doi:10.1038/s41375-025-02705-4 · Cited by 6
AL amyloidosis: a real-world experience with CAR T-cell therapy
Tan, M. S. Y., Warsame, R. M., Parrondo, R. D., et al. (2025) · Blood Advances · doi:10.1182/bloodadvances.2025017488 · Cited by 6
Self-citationPan, M., Wang, D., Xu, J., Jin, S., Wang, Y., Yi, T., Liu, Y., Ouyang, W., Weng, X., Yi, H., et al. (2025) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood.2025030559 · Cited by 6
Cochran, H., Ghobadi, K. A., & Ghobadi, A. (2025) · Immunotherapy · doi:10.1080/1750743x.2025.2582464 · Cited by 6
Engineering immunity with CAR-NK cells: advancing the frontiers of cancer immunotherapy
Cianga, V., Antohe, I., Minciună, C., & Dascalescu, A. (2025) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2025.1738558 · Cited by 8
“…≥ Grade3CRS(3%)andICANS(7%)initstrial,partlyduetoitsfractionateddosingstrategy(Maudeetal.,2018; Neelapu et al., 2017; Lee et al., 2019; Wang et al., 2020; Abramson et al., 2020; Munshi et al., 2021; Berdeja et al., 2021; Locke et al., 2024; Roddie et al., 2024).”
Poveda, J. J. R., Herrera, M., Huizi, J. J. Z., Sellarés, J., & Hernández‐González, F. (2026) · Pulmonary Therapy · doi:10.1007/s41030-025-00338-7 · Cited by 6
“This inno‑ vative treatment has revolutionized cancer care and is expanding to lymphomas and multiple myeloma, but its broader use is limited by the challenge of managing severe adverse effects [6, 38–42].”
Guo, Z., Zhang, M., & Huang, Y. (2026) · Nano Biomedicine and Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.nbe.2025.100040 · Cited by 7
Cardiotoxicity of T cell immunotherapies
Raddatz, M. A., Stein-Merlob, A. F., Mahmood, S. S., Ganatra, S., Addison, D., Lin, T. L., Larson, S. M., & Yang, E. H. (2026) · Nature Reviews Cardiology · doi:10.1038/s41569-026-01265-z · Cited by 9
The evolving global landscape of first-in-class oncology drug innovation
Mao, X., Wang, Z., Kong, S., Yang, Y., Dreyer, N. A., Ba, Y., Lotze, M. T., Zhan, Q., & Li, G. (2026) · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41392-026-02606-7 · Cited by 6
“50 Building on these advances, next-generation CAR-T-cell therapies are exploring targets such as CD20, CD22 and CD123.”
A guide to CAR T cell therapies: development, current status and future prospects
Rafei, H., Upadhyay, R., & Sharma, P. (2026) · Nature reviews. Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41577-026-01322-1 · Cited by 14
Martin, T. G., Jackson, C. C., Pacaud, L. B., Madduri, D., & Jagannath, S. (2022) · Clinical Lymphoma Myeloma & Leukemia · doi:10.1016/j.clml.2022.09.001 · Cited by 6
Self-citationKawamura, K. (2023) · International Journal of Hematology · doi:10.1007/s12185-023-03602-1 · Cited by 6
B‐cell maturation antigen expression and clinical features of plasmablastic lymphoma
Dong, N. C., Zhang, H., Song, J., et al. (2024) · eJHaem · doi:10.1002/jha2.807 · Cited by 6
Treatment of multiple myeloma: What is the impact on T-cell function?
Li, C., Wang, X., Xu, J. M. S., Liu, J., & Mei, H. (2024) · Therapeutic Advances in Hematology · doi:10.1177/20406207241245194 · Cited by 9
“104,105 However, there is still a lack of evidence to support this assumption.”
BackgroundShumnalieva, R., Velikova, T. V., & Monov, S. V. (2024) · International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases · doi:10.1111/1756-185x.15182 · Cited by 6
Metadata
- Authors
- Munshi, N. C., Anderson, L. D., Shah, N., Madduri, D., Berdeja, J., Lonial, S., Raje, N., Lin, Y., Siegel, D., Oriol, A., Moreau, P., Yakoub-Agha, I., Delforge, M., Cavo, M., Einsele, H., Goldschmidt, H., Weisel, K., Rambaldi, A., Reece, D., Petrocca, F., Massaro, M., Connarn, J. N., Kaiser, S., Patel, P., Huang, L., Campbell, T. B., Hege, K., & San-Miguel, J.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- Mayo Clinic (US)
- Hackensack University Medical Center (US)
- From the Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, Dana–Farber Cancer Institute (N.C.M.), the Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Harvard Medical School (N.C.M.), and Massachusetts General Hospital (N.R.), Boston, and bluebird bio, Cambridge (F.P., M.M.) — all in Massachusetts; Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (L.D.A.); the University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (N.S.); Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York ...
- ORCID
- Munshi, Nikhil C.
- Anderson, Larry D.
- Shah, Nina
- Madduri, Deepu
- Berdeja, Jesús
- Lonial, Sagar
- Raje, Noopur
- Lin, Yi
- Siegel, David
- Oriol, Albert
- Moreau, Philippe
- Yakoub-Agha, Ibrahim
- Delforge, Michel
- Einsele, Hermann
- Goldschmidt, Hartmut
- Weisel, Katja
- Rambaldi, Alessandro
- Reece, Donna
- Petrocca, Fabio
- Connarn, Jamie N.
- Kaiser, Shari
- Patel, Payal
- Huang, Liping
- Campbell, Timothy B.
- Hege, Kristen
- Venue
- New England Journal of Medicine
- Publisher
- Massachusetts Medical Society
- Published
- 2021-02-25
- Volume
- 384
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 705-716
- ISSN
- 0028-4793 (ISSN-L)
- 1533-4406
- OpenAlex
- W3133229959
- Semantic Scholar
- fd96e2f87dff7d1153a17b78b56fbbab69cb714e
- Cited by
- 2,560
- References
- 17
- Citations by year
- 2026: 411 · 2025: 486 · 2024: 540 · 2023: 493 · 2022: 436 · 2021: 186
- FWCI
- 150.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- New England Journal of Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion)
- Archivio istituzionale della ricerca (Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Lirias (KU Leuven) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Bristol-Myers Squibb
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › CAR-T cell therapy research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Multiple Myeloma Research and Treatments
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Protein Degradation and Inhibitors
- Keywords
- idecabtagene vicleucel, CAR T-cell therapy, relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma, BCMA, minimal residual disease, cytokine release syndrome, neurotoxicity, CAR T cell persistence, progression-free survival, complete response, neutropenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia, chimeric antigen receptor T cells
- MeSH terms
- Receptors, Chimeric Antigen, Progression-Free Survival, Cytokine Release Syndrome, Adult, Aged, Female, Hematologic Diseases, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Multiple Myeloma, Recurrence, Biomarkers, Immunotherapy, Adoptive, Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
A language model drew the claims from the paper on 2026-10-11, under version 3 of the claim definition (model deepseek-v4.1-flash, prompt extract-v3).
A second model labelled each claim on 2026-10-11 (model jev-1.13-20260917, definition revision gold-guideline-v0.2).
Cited sources are checked with a language model’s help (gpt-6-sol).
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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