Cited by 640Potassium and Related DisordersRenin-Angiotensin System StudiesCoagulation, Bradykinin, Polyphosphates, and Angioedema

Managing hyperkalemia caused by inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system

Palmer, Biff F.·2004·New England Journal of Medicine

Abstract

Hyperkalemia can develop as a result of treatment with angiotensin-converting–enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin-receptor blockers. This side effect is most common in patients with risk factors such as diabetes mellitus, heart failure, chronic kidney disease, or advanced age. This review explains the pathophysiology and offers clinical guidance for management.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1056/nejmra035279

Cites

59 of 60 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • Risk factors for the development of hyperkalemia with the use of drugs that inhibit the RAS include CKD, diabetes, decompensated congestive heart failure, volume depletion, advanced age, and use of concomitant medications that interfere with kidney potassium excretion.

    “Risk factors for the development of hyperkalemia with the use of drugs that inhibit the RAS included CKD, diabetes, decompensated congestive heart failure, volume depletion, advanced age, and use of concomitant medications that interfere with kidney potassium excretion. 71”

Cites

1 retracted

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 4

  1. Young DB, 1984, Am J Physiol, 247, E328
  2. Palmer BF, 1995, J Investig Med, 43, 516
  3. 1995, MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep, 44, 853
  4. Dardik A, 2000, South Med J, 93, 511, 10.1097/00007611-200093050-00016 · DOI

Cited by

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Authors
Palmer, B. F.
Affiliations
The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (US)
Corresponding author
Palmer, Biff F.
Venue
New England Journal of Medicine
Published
2004-08-05
Volume
351
Issue
6
Pages
585-592
ISSN
  • 0028-4793 (ISSN-L)
  • 1533-4406
OpenAlex
W2093767567
Cited by
640
References
59
Citations by year
2026: 19 · 2025: 29 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 28 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 34 · 2019: 28 · 2018: 35 · 2017: 42 · 2016: 31 · 2015: 28 · 2014: 30 · 2013: 21 · 2012: 37
FWCI
4.89
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • New England Journal of Medicine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Potassium and Related Disorders
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Renin-Angiotensin System Studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Genetics › Coagulation, Bradykinin, Polyphosphates, and Angioedema
Keywords
hyperkalemia, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors, ACE inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, drug-induced hyperkalemia, pathophysiology, diabetes mellitus, heart failure, chronic kidney disease, elderly patients, hyperkalemia management
MeSH terms
Aldosterone, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors, Humans, Hyperkalemia, Kidney, Potassium, Renin-Angiotensin System, Risk Factors, Sodium, Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists

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