The DOI matches its Crossref record; 65 of the 65 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The IARC Perspective on Cervical Cancer Screening
Open accessAbstract
In May 2018, the World Health Organization (WHO) called for a global initiative to eliminate cervical cancer as a public health problem. To achieve this goal, global scale-up of effective vaccination against the human papillomavirus (HPV) as well as screening for and treatment of cervical cancer are required. Cervical cancer screening was evaluated in 2005 by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Handbooks program,1 and a reevaluation was deemed to be timely given the major advances in the field since then. The new handbook provides updated evaluations of the effectiveness of screening methods, which were used as a basis for the update of the WHO Guideline for Screening and Treatment of Cervical Pre-cancer Lesions for Cervical Cancer Prevention.2 We convened an IARC Working Group of 27 scientists from 20 countries to assess the evidence on the current approaches to and technologies used in cervical cancer screening with the use of the newly updated Handbooks Preamble3 (Fig. 1) and Table 1).
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“HPV-based cervical screening every 5 years is more accurate and cost-effective than 3 yearly VIA screening and decreases both incidence and mortality due to cervical cancer.6 7”
From Protocol for a cervical screening implementation trial comparing two approaches for delivering HPV self-collection in low-resource settings in India: a type 3 hybrid cluster randomised controlled trial (SHE-CAN) (2025) · cites this paper as [7]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Estimates of incidence and mortality of cervical cancer in 2018: a worldwide analysis
Arbyn, M., Weiderpass, E., Bruni, L., de Sanjosé, S., Saraiya, M., Ferlay, J., & Bray, F. (2019) · The Lancet Global Health · doi:10.1016/s2214-109x(19)30482-6 · Cited by 4,465
Self-citationFerlay, J., Colombet, M., Soerjomataram, I., Dyba, T., Randi, G., Bettio, M., Gavin, A., Visser, O. J., & Bray, F. (2018) · European Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1016/j.ejca.2018.07.005 · Cited by 2,479
Ronco, G., Dillner, J., Elfström, K. M., Tunesi, S., Snijders, P. J. F., Arbyn, M., Kitchener, H., Segnan, N., Gilham, C., Giorgi-Rossi, P., et al. (2014) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(13)62218-7 · Cited by 1,810
Self-citationHPV Screening for Cervical Cancer in Rural India
Sankaranarayanan, R., Nene, B. M., Shastri, S. S., Jayant, K., Muwonge, R., Budukh, A. M., Hingmire, S., Malvi, S. G., Thorat, R., Kothari, A., et al. (2009) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa0808516 · Cited by 1,278
Self-citationEstimates of the global burden of cervical cancer associated with HIV
Stelzle, D., Tanaka, L. F., Lee, K. K., Khalil, A. I., Baussano, I., Shah, A. S. V., McAllister, D., Gottlieb, S. L., Klug, S. J., Winkler, A. S., et al. (2020) · The Lancet Global Health · doi:10.1016/s2214-109x(20)30459-9 · Cited by 1,004
Carcinogenic human papillomavirus infection
Schiffman, M., Doorbar, J., Wentzensen, N., de Sanjosé, S., Fakhry, C., Monk, B. J., Stanley, M. A., & Franceschi, S. (2016) · Nature Reviews Disease Primers · doi:10.1038/nrdp.2016.86 · Cited by 999
Self-citationCoverage of cervical cancer screening in 57 countries: low average levels and large inequalities
Gakidou, E., Nordhagen, S., & Obermeyer, Z. (2008) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0050132 · Cited by 976
Ronco, G., Rossi, P. G., Carozzi, F., Confortini, M., Palma, P. D., Mistro, A. D., Ghiringhello, B., Girlando, S., Gillio‐Tos, A., Marco, L. D., et al. (2010) · The Lancet Oncology · doi:10.1016/s1470-2045(09)70360-2 · Cited by 955
Evidence Regarding Human Papillomavirus Testing in Secondary Prevention of Cervical Cancer
Arbyn, M., Ronco, G., Anttila, A., Meijer, C. J. L. M., Poljak, M., Ogilvie, G., Koliopoulos, G., Naucler, P., Sankaranarayanan, R., & Peto, J. (2012) · Vaccine · doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.06.095 · Cited by 897
Self-citationArbyn, M., Smith, S. B., Temin, S., Sultana, F., & Castle, P. (2018) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.k4823 · Cited by 851
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- Cervix cancer screening. IARC handbooks of cancer prevention. Vol. 10. Lyon France: International Agency for Research on Cancer 2005 (https://publications.iarc.fr/380).
- Serrano B Roura E Guijarro P et al. National cervical cancer screening programs and coverage worldwide. Presented at the 33rd International Papillomavirus Conference virtual July 20–24 2020.
- Cervical cancer screening. IARC handbooks of cancer prevention. Vol. 18. Lyon France: International Agency for Research on Cancer (in press).
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 301–357 of 357
Assessing proposals to update established screening strategies
Huffstetler, A. N., Lin, K. W., & Harris, R. (2024) · BMJ Evidence-Based Medicine · doi:10.1136/bmjebm-2024-113025
Tsunematsu, R., Mariya, T., Umemoto, M., Ogawa, S., Arai, W., Tanaka, S. E., Ashikawa, K., Kubo, T., Sakuraba, Y., Baba, T., et al. (2024) · FEBS Open Bio · doi:10.1002/2211-5463.13892
Diagnostic Agreement in Whole Slide Digital Images of Cervical Cytology and Cell Blocks
Negri, G., Tauber, M., Pinamonti, M., Golinelli, L., Garofalo, M., Vittadello, F., & Capitanio, A. (2024) · Diagnostic Cytopathology · doi:10.1002/dc.25411
Teigné, D., Banaszuk, A.-S., Grimault, C., Lebon, A., Nanin, F., Gaultier, A., & Rat, C. (2024) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108150
Qaderi, S., Shah, J., Qaderi, F., & Bachmann, G. A. (2024) · Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health · doi:10.1007/s10903-024-01655-w
Perkins, R. B., Fuzzell, L. N., Brownstein, N. C., Fontenot, H. B., Michel, A., Kajtezovic, S., Lake, P. W., & Vadaparampil, S. T. (2024) · Gynecologic Oncology Reports · doi:10.1016/j.gore.2024.101545
Ezema, S. M., Osi, N. S., Egwu, C. M., Ayogu, C. J., Ugochukwu, E. J., Nderitu, H. E. W., Ezebuihe, I., & Adibe, M. O. (2025) · Discover Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12982-025-00492-y
Sen, O., & Yılmaz, T. (2025) · Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada · doi:10.1016/j.jogc.2025.103052
Secretan, B. (2025) · European Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1016/j.ejca.2025.115658
Ma, Z., Liu, M., Yuan, Q., Tang, Z., Shang, P., Wang, C., Li, Y., & Yue, J. (2025) · Annals of Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.annepidem.2025.07.059
Ramavhoya, T. I., & Rasweswe, M. M. (2025) · IntechOpen eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.1011719
Reproducibility of HPV Testing With Two Versions of the Papilloplex High‐Risk HPV Assay
Chung, P. Y. J., Baraquin, A., Jacquot, K., Tkachenka, Y., Puget, L., Lepiller, Q., Broeck, D. V., Prétet, J., & Arbyn, M. (2025) · Journal of Medical Virology · doi:10.1002/jmv.70680
Self-citationChodick, G., Adler, L., Liran, O., Mizrahi-Reuveni, M., Radomyslsky, Z., Segal, J., Sternberg, S. A., Yehoshua, I., Fainberger, T., & Schejter, E. (2025) · Journal of Lower Genital Tract Disease · doi:10.1097/lgt.0000000000000923
Impacto psicosocial del diagnóstico de cáncer de cuello uterino en mujeres jóvenes
Layedra, G. A. S., & Campi, Y. C. R. (2025) · Esprint Investigación · doi:10.61347/ei.v4i3.216
Zhang, W., Gao, K., Fowkes, F. J. I., Adeloye, D., Rudan, I., Song, P., Jin, M., & Chen, K. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.25457758
Zhang, W., Gao, K., Fowkes, F. J. I., Adeloye, D., Rudan, I., Song, P., Jin, M., & Chen, K. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26552239
Zhang, W., Gao, K., Fowkes, F. J. I., Adeloye, D., Rudan, I., Song, P., Jin, M., & Chen, K. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26552242
Herzog, C., Sundström, K., Jones, A., Evans, I., Barrett, J. J. E., Wang, J., Redl, E., Schreiberhuber, L., Costas, L., Paytubi, S., et al. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.21621767
Proline-rich protein 11 as a diagnosis and prognosis biomarker in breast and cervical cancers
Tadlaoui, K. A., Aqerrout, M., Mharrach, I., Sakhi, Z., & Ennaji, M. M. (2025) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-30225-1.00058-0
Fang, H., Mu, J., Chow, E. P. F., Ong, J. J., Wu, D., & Zhang, Y. (2026) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2024-089565
Updates in cervical cancer screening: A practical guide for the internist
Beck, J. B., & Morenz, A. M. (2026) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2025.12.023
Polane, M., & Dlamini, S. (2026) · African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine · doi:10.4102/phcfm.v18i1.4986
Fei, C., Chen, W., Liu, J., Wang, J., Guo, H., Zhang, G., Zhang, Y., Yang, Q., Zhao, R., Chen, X., et al. (2026) · BMC Cancer · doi:10.1186/s12885-026-15590-6
Human Papillomavirus Screening: Design and Targeting of Human Papillomavirus Genotypes
Dillner, J. (2026) · Current topics in microbiology and immunology · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-17775-9_4
Neze-Sebakunzi, J., Altan, A. M. D., Ceffa, S., Guidotti, G., Capparucci, S., Ciccacci, F., Musikingala, M., Nkuba-Ndaye, A., Makangara-Cigolo, J.-C., Mampuela, T. K., et al. (2026) · medRxiv · doi:10.64898/2026.02.22.26346809
Avaliação de exames citopatológicos em um município do extremo oeste catarinense
Zaffari, S., Koelln, F., & Rampelotto, R. F. (2025) · Saúde (Santa Maria) · doi:10.5902/2236583486041
Role of Circulating Tumor DNA as a Tool in the Management of GYN Malignancies
Glynn, S. M., Gomez-Roas, M. V., & Hinchcliff, E. (2026) · Advances in Oncology · doi:10.1016/j.yao.2026.01.011
Qi, M., Tian, C., Di, X., & Ma, J. (2026) · Cancer Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.canep.2026.103047
Edge-Augmented Dual-Task Model for Intelligent Cervical Cancer Screening
Zhang, L., Zhu, J., Zhou, J., & Gou, F. (2025) · International Symposium on Artificial Intelligence and Big Data (AIBDF) · doi:10.1109/aibdf67964.2025.11440840
A novel methylation marker on the CLEC14A gene for cervical cancer screening
Wang, S., Xiao, H., & Gao, H. (2026) · Frontiers in Oncology · doi:10.3389/fonc.2026.1730952
From evidence to action: the IARC’s role in strengthening cancer prevention and early detection
Chandran, A., Togawa, K., Mosquera, I., Selmouni, F., Dimitrova, N., Lucas, E., Muwonge, R., Robbins, H. A., Johansson, M., Park, J. Y., et al. (2026) · JNCI Monographs · doi:10.1093/jncimonographs/lgag001
Cora, J. P. A., & Cruz, F. J. (2026) · Revista Brasileira de Cancerologia · doi:10.32635/2176-9745.rbc.2026v72n2.5456es
Cora, J. P. A., & Cruz, F. J. (2026) · Revista Brasileira de Cancerologia · doi:10.32635/2176-9745.rbc.2026v72n2.5456en
Константиновна, Д. Л., Чикишева, Е. С., Хайрутдинова, Д. Х., & Зароченцева, Н. В. (2026) · Issues of practical colposcopy Genital infections · doi:10.46393/27826392_2026_1_12-19
Self-sampling HPV kits for underscreened women
Arbyn, M., Phoolcharoen, N., Downham, L., Gezels, E., & Almonte, M. (2026) · The Lancet Obstetrics Gynaecology & Women s Health · doi:10.1016/s3050-5038(26)00076-2
Self-citationMafi, S., Delpont, J., Bigot, A., & Hantz, S. (2026) · Journal of Medical Virology · doi:10.1002/jmv.70954
Granados, R., Duarte, J. A., Luján-Rodríguez, D. R., Gutiérrez-Pecharromán, A., Solís, I., Molpeceres, L., & Bajo, P. (2026) · Cytopathology · doi:10.1111/cyt.70090
Zhang, Z., Bussmann, H., Vong, S., Kol, H., Doeberitz, M. V. K., Allegri, M. D., & Singh, K. (2026) · PharmacoEconomics - Open · doi:10.1007/s41669-026-00659-6
范明耀, Yang, F., Zhang, D., Dang, H., Lai, S., Li, Y., Chen, X., Zhou, A., Hai, Q., Liu, T., et al. (2026) · International Journal of Women s Health · doi:10.2147/ijwh.s602135
Gui, N., Pan, H., Lu, W., Pan, G., Zhou, X., Chen, Y., Jin, M., Yang, C., Dong, M., & Liang, Y. (2026) · Discover Oncology · doi:10.1007/s12672-026-05322-4
Nicolls, S., McClymont, E., Lee, M. J., Coutlée, F., Trottier, S., Smaill, F., Loutfy, M. R., Yudin, M. H., Klein, M. B., Harris, M., et al. (2026) · JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes · doi:10.1097/qai.0000000000003902
A proof-of-concept memristor strategy for sensing cervical cancer-related microenvironments
Liu, D., Sun, B. T., Chen, Q., Wang, M., Wang, K., Sun, Y., Ding, J., Ren, X., Zhang, N., Du, J., et al. (2026) · Materials Today Communications · doi:10.1016/j.mtcomm.2026.115558
Liquid biopsy in gynecologic cancers: Cellular origin to early detection and precision care
Rejili, M., Farahani, N., & Hashemi, F. (2026) · Pathology - Research and Practice · doi:10.1016/j.prp.2026.156591
Screening and vaccination in cervical cancer control and prevention
Logel, M., Chévarie‐Davis, M., & Franco, E. L. (2026) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-45863-7.00073-1
Self-citationSelf-collected versus clinician-collected human papillomavirus samples
Bülbül, R., Horasanlı, J. E., Erdoğan, A. C., & Akkuş, F. (2026) · Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira · doi:10.1590/1806-9282.20260122
Min, S., Zhu, Y., Xie, L., Zhang, H., Hou, L., Zhou, X., Ren, J., & Tan, Y. (2026) · Cellular Signalling · doi:10.1016/j.cellsig.2026.112761
Botsun, P., Omelianenko, I., Yurii, S. A. V. A., Panko, M., Натрус, Л. В., Kobyliak, N. M., & Sulaieva, O. (2026) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2026.1909774
Aas, A. H., Mortensen, E., & Sørbye, S. W. (2026) · Diagnostics · doi:10.3390/diagnostics16172860
Preventable, Yet Unprevented: The Cervical Cancer Screening Landscape in Eastern Europe and Bulgaria
Yordanov, A. D., Yordanov, T., Tsoneva, E., Petrov, I. V., Hasan, I., Manov, D., Kostov, S. G., & Konsoulova, A. (2026) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare14182973
Tóth, R., Sebok, P., Spanics, C., Szerencsés, D., Vida, B., Keszthelyi, M., Lintner, B., & Tóth, I. (2026) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers18182999
Alemayehu, A. B., Bekele, O. A., Segni, M. T., & Ahmed, S. (2026) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-10597826/v1
Operationalizing cervical cancer elimination: a health-system archetype framework for implementation
Cuello, M. A., Saladrigues, M. D. P., van den Brule, A. J. C., Joura, E. A., Mburu, A., Santos, F., Sani, C., Deman, F., Stoicea, M. C., Usubutün, A., et al. (2026) · International Journal of Gynecological Cancer · doi:10.1016/j.ijgc.2026.104966
Khan, A., Gullery, K., Barber, G., & Ormandy, J. (2026) · Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology · doi:10.1111/ajo.70184
Cervical cancer prevention in motion: national impact of the Barretos Cancer Hospital model
Resende, J. C. P., Batistão, H. K. D. A., Biot, S. T., Hirai, W. Y., Oliveira, R. J. D. S., Reis, R. M., Haikel, R. L., Mauad, E. C., & dos Reis, R. (2026) · International Journal of Gynecological Cancer · doi:10.1016/j.ijgc.2026.104968
Wang, P., Zhang, M., Lai, Y., Song, T., Shen, Y., 陈海迎, & Chen, X. (2026) · Annals of Medicine · doi:10.1080/07853890.2026.2722566
Silling, S., Kreuter, A., Potthoff, A. V., Oellig, F., Hellmich, M., & Wieland, U. (2026) · International Journal of Medical Microbiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijmm.2026.151751
Schichl, K., & Doorbar, J. (2026) · Journal of Medical Virology · doi:10.1002/jmv.71196
Metadata
- Authors
- Bouvard, V., Wentzensen, N., Mackie, A., Berkhof, J., Brotherton, J., Giorgi-Rossi, P., Kupets, R., Smith, R., Arrossi, S., Bendahhou, K., Canfell, K., Chirenje, Z. M., Chung, M. H., del Pino, M., de Sanjosé, S., Elfström, M., Franco, E. L., Hamashima, C., Hamers, F. F., Herrington, C. S., Murillo, R., Sangrajrang, S., Sankaranarayanan, R., Saraiya, M., Schiffman, M., Zhao, F., Arbyn, M., Prendiville, W., Indave Ruiz, B. I., Mosquera-Metcalfe, I., & Lauby-Secretan, B.
- Affiliations
- The University of Sydney (AU)
- From the International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon (V.B., W.P., B.I.I.R., I.M.M., B.L.-S.), and the National Public Health Agency, Saint-Maurice (F.F.H.) — both in France; the National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD (N.W., M. Schiffman); Public Health England and Screening, London (A.M.); Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam (J. Berkhof); VCS Foundation, Melbourne, VIC (J. Brotherton), Australia; Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale — IRCCS Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy (P.G.R.); the University of Toronto, Toronto (R.K.); the American Cancer Society (R. Smith), Emory University (M.H.C.), and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (M. Saraiya) — all in Atlanta; the Center for the Study of the State and Society, and the National Scientific and Technical Research Council — both in Buenos Aires (S.A.); the Casablanca Cancer Registry, Casablanca, Morocco (K.B.); The Daffodil Centre, a joint venture between the Cancer Council NSW and the University of Sydney, King’s Cross, NSW, Austra...
- ORCID
- Venue
- New England Journal of Medicine
- Publisher
- Massachusetts Medical Society
- Published
- 2021-11-11
- Volume
- 385
- Issue
- 20
- Pages
- 1908-1918
- ISSN
- 0028-4793 (ISSN-L)
- 1533-4406
- PMC
- PMC12125667
- OpenAlex
- W3213089363
- Cited by
- 357
- References
- 65
- Citations by year
- 2026: 63 · 2025: 86 · 2024: 98 · 2023: 77 · 2022: 32 · 2021: 1
- FWCI
- 37.47
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- New England Journal of Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Amsterdam UMC (VU Amsterdam) - Institutional Repository (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Edinburgh Research Explorer (University of Edinburgh) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- CONICET Digital (CONICET) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- Institutional Repositories DataBase (IRDB) (submittedVersion)
- Minerva Access (University of Melbourne) (submittedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- World Health Organization
- National Institutes of Health
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (20K10331)
- National Cancer Institute (ZIACP010124)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Cervical Cancer and HPV Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Women's cancer prevention and management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Endometrial and Cervical Cancer Treatments
- Keywords
- cervical cancer screening, cervical cancer elimination, screening effectiveness, HPV vaccination, WHO guidelines, cervical cancer prevention, cervical cancer treatment
- MeSH terms
- Uterine Cervical Neoplasms, Female, Humans, Mass Screening, World Health Organization, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Early Detection of Cancer
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review