Cited by 355Amphibian and Reptile BiologyFreshwater macroinvertebrate diversity and ecologyEcology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 42 of the 43 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Amphibian and reptile declines over 35 years at La Selva, Costa Rica

Open access

Whitfield, Steven M., Bell, Kristen E., Philippi, Thomas, Sasa, Mahmood, Bolaños, Federico, Chaves, Gerardo, Savage, Jay M., Donnelly, Maureen A.·2007·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

DOI 10.1073/pnas.0611256104PMC PMC1895953

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Amphibians stand at the forefront of a global biodiversity crisis. More than one-third of amphibian species are globally threatened, and over 120 species have likely suffered global extinction since 1980. Most alarmingly, many rapid declines and extinctions are occurring in pristine sites lacking obvious adverse effects of human activities. The causes of these “enigmatic” declines remain highly contested. Still, lack of long-term data on amphibian populations severely limits our understanding of the distribution of amphibian declines, and therefore the ultimate causes of these declines. Here, we identify a systematic community-wide decline in populations of terrestrial amphibians at La Selva Biological Station, a protected old-growth lowland rainforest in lower Central America. We use data collected over 35 years to show that population density of all species of terrestrial amphibians has declined by ≈75% since 1970, and we show identical trends for all species of common reptiles. The trends we identify are neither consistent with recent emergence of chytridiomycosis nor the climate-linked epidemic hypothesis, two leading putative causes of enigmatic amphibian declines. Instead, our data suggest that declines are due to climate-driven reductions in the quantity of standing leaf litter, a critical microhabitat for amphibians and reptiles in this assemblage. Our results raise further concerns about the global persistence of amphibian populations by identifying widespread declines in species and habitats that are not currently recognized as susceptible to such risks.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1073/pnas.0611256104

Cites

42 of 42 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Generalized Linear Models
(2005) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/0-387-27255-0_9 · Cited by 20,333
Generalized Linear Models
McCullagh, P., & Nelder, J. A. (1989) · doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-3242-6 · Cited by 16,836
Status and Trends of Amphibian Declines and Extinctions Worldwide
Stuart, S. N., Chanson, J. S., Cox, N. A., Young, B. E., Rodrigues, A. S. L., Fischman, D. L., & Waller, R. W. (2004) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1103538 · Cited by 4,508
Generalized Linear Models
Schuenemeyer, J. H., McCullagh, P. J., & Nelder, J. A. (1992) · Technometrics · doi:10.2307/1269238 · Cited by 2,702
Chytridiomycosis causes amphibian mortality associated with population declines in the rain forests of Australia and Central America
Berger, L., Speare, R., Daszak, P., Green, D. E., Cunningham, A. A., Goggin, C. L., Slocombe, R. F., Ragan, M. A., Hyatt, A. D., McDonald, K., et al. (1998) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.95.15.9031 · Cited by 2,011
Widespread amphibian extinctions from epidemic disease driven by global warming
Alan Pounds, J., Bustamante, M. R., Coloma, L. A., Consuegra, J. A., Fogden, M. P. L., Foster, P. N., La Marca, E., Masters, K. L., Merino-Viteri, A., Puschendorf, R., et al. (2006) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature04246 · Cited by 1,960
Climate, Leaf Litter Chemistry and Leaf Litter Decomposition in Terrestrial Ecosystems: A Triangular Relationship
Aerts, R. (1997) · Oikos · doi:10.2307/3546886 · Cited by 1,786
Biological response to climate change on a tropical mountain
Pounds, J. A., Fogden, M. P. L., & Campbell, J. H. (1999) · Nature · doi:10.1038/19297 · Cited by 1,429
Measuring and Monitoring Biological Diversity: Standard Methods for Amphibians.
Parmelee, J. R., Heyer, W. R., Donnelly, M. A., McDiarmid, R. W., Hayek, L. C., & Foster, M. S. (1995) · Systematic Biology · doi:10.2307/2413714 · Cited by 1,279
Self-citation
Comparative Phenological Studies of Trees in Tropical Wet and Dry Forests in the Lowlands of Costa Rica
Frankie, G. W., Baker, H. G., & Opler, P. A. (1974) · Journal of Ecology · doi:10.2307/2258961 · Cited by 1,270

Show all 43 references

Research works printed but not linked: 4

SS Lieberman Acta Zool Mex (ns) 15, 1–72 (1986).
10.1046/j.1523-1739.2001.00218.x · DOI
DA Clark, SC Piper, CD Keeling, DB Clark Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 100, 5282–5857 (2003).
RL Sanford, P Paaby, JC Luvall, E Phillips La Selva: Ecology and Natural History of a Neotropical Rain Forest, eds LA McDade, KS Bawa, HA Hespenheide, GS Hartshorn (Univ of Chicago Press, Chicago), pp. 19–33 (1994).

Sorted by citations

Impacts of climate warming on terrestrial ectotherms across latitude
Deutsch, C. A., Tewksbury, J. J., Huey, R. B., Sheldon, K. S., Ghalambor, C. K., Haak, D. C., & Martin, P. R. (2008) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0709472105 · Cited by 3,840
Synergies among extinction drivers under global change
BROOK, B., SODHI, N., & BRADSHAW, C. (2008) · Trends in Ecology & Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.tree.2008.03.011 · Cited by 2,031
Amphibian fungal panzootic causes catastrophic and ongoing loss of biodiversity
Scheele, B. C., Pasmans, F., Skerratt, L. F., Berger, L., Martel, A., Beukema, W., Acevedo, A. A., Burrowes, P. A., Carvalho, T., Catenazzi, A., et al. (2019) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aav0379 · Cited by 1,396
Self-citation
Averting biodiversity collapse in tropical forest protected areas
Laurance, W. F., Carolina Useche, D., Rendeiro, J., Kalka, M., Bradshaw, C. J. A., Sloan, S. P., Laurance, S. G., Campbell, M., Abernethy, K., Alvarez, P., et al. (2012) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature11318 · Cited by 1,213
Self-citation
Climate‐related range shifts – a global multidimensional synthesis and new research directions
Lenoir, J., & Svenning, J. (2014) · Ecography · doi:10.1111/ecog.00967 · Cited by 1,260
Prospects for tropical forest biodiversity in a human‐modified world
Gardner, T. A., Barlow, J., Chazdon, R. L., Ewers, R. M., Harvey, C. A., Peres, C. A., & Sodhi, N. S. (2009) · Ecology Letters · doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01294.x · Cited by 1,024
Putting the Heat on Tropical Animals
Tewksbury, J. J., Huey, R. B., & Deutsch, C. A. (2008) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1159328 · Cited by 983
Why tropical forest lizards are vulnerable to climate warming
Huey, R. B., Deutsch, C. A., Tewksbury, J. J., Vitt, L. J., Hertz, P. E., Álvarez Pérez, H. J., & Garland, T. (2009) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2008.1957 · Cited by 962
Climate-driven declines in arthropod abundance restructure a rainforest food web
Lister, B. C., & Garcia, A. (2018) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1722477115 · Cited by 730
The Ecological Performance of Protected Areas
Gaston, K. J., Jackson, S. F., Cantú‐Salazar, L., & Cruz-Piñón, G. (2008) · Annual Review of Ecology Evolution and Systematics · doi:10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.39.110707.173529 · Cited by 744
Riding the Wave: Reconciling the Roles of Disease and Climate Change in Amphibian Declines
Lips, K. R., Diffendorfer, J. E., MENDELSON, J. R. I., & Sears, M. W. (2008) · PLoS Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0060072 · Cited by 525
Measuring the Meltdown: Drivers of Global Amphibian Extinction and Decline
Sodhi, N. S., Bickford, D., Diesmos, A. C., Lee, T. M., Koh, L. P., Brook, B. W., Sekercioglu, C. H., & Bradshaw, C. J. A. (2008) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0001636 · Cited by 492
Monitoring Change in Vertebrate Abundance: the Living Planet Index
COLLEN, B., LOH, J., WHITMEE, S., McRAE, L., AMIN, R., & BAILLIE, J. E. M. (2009) · Conservation Biology · doi:10.1111/j.1523-1739.2008.01117.x · Cited by 441
The ecology and impact of chytridiomycosis: an emerging disease of amphibians
Kilpatrick, A. M., Briggs, C. J., & Daszak, P. (2009) · Trends in Ecology & Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.tree.2009.07.011 · Cited by 434
Ongoing global biodiversity loss and the need to move beyond protected areas: a review of the technical and practical shortcomings of protected areas on land and sea
Mora, C., & Sale, P. (2011) · Marine Ecology Progress Series · doi:10.3354/meps09214 · Cited by 424
Conserving Southeast Asian forest biodiversity in human-modified landscapes
Sodhi, N. S., Koh, L. P., Clements, G. R., Wanger, T. C., Hill, J. K., Hamer, K. C., Clough, Y., Tscharntke, T., Posa, M. R. C., & Lee, T. M. (2010) · Biological Conservation · doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2009.12.029 · Cited by 397
Extinction vulnerability of tropical montane endemism from warming and upslope displacement: a preliminary appraisal for the highest massif in Madagascar
Raxworthy, C. J., Pearson, R. G., Rabibisoa, N., Rakotondrazafy, A. M. A., Ramanamanjato, J., Raselimanana, A. P., Wu, S.-H., Nussbaum, R. A., & Stone, D. A. (2008) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01596.x · Cited by 391
Linking global climate and temperature variability to widespread amphibian declines putatively caused by disease
Rohr, J. R., & Raffel, T. R. (2010) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0912883107 · Cited by 352
Climatic change and wetland desiccation cause amphibian decline in Yellowstone National Park
McMenamin, S. K., Hadly, E. A., & Wright, C. K. (2008) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0809090105 · Cited by 296
Impacts of warming on tropical lowland rainforests
Corlett, R. T. (2011) · Trends in Ecology & Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.tree.2011.06.015 · Cited by 284
Review and synthesis of the effects of climate change on amphibians
Li, Y., Cohen, J. M., & Rohr, J. R. (2012) · Integrative Zoology · doi:10.1111/1749-4877.12001 · Cited by 255
Mitigating amphibian disease: strategies to maintain wild populations and control chytridiomycosis
Woodhams, D. C., Bosch, J., Briggs, C. J., Cashins, S. D., Davis, L. R., Lauer, A., Muths, E., Puschendorf, R., Schmidt, B. R., Sheafor, B., et al. (2011) · Frontiers in Zoology · doi:10.1186/1742-9994-8-8 · Cited by 251
Amphibian decline and extinction: What we know and what we need to learn
Collins, J. (2010) · Diseases of Aquatic Organisms · doi:10.3354/dao02307 · Cited by 256
Climate change in Central America and Mexico: regional climate model validation and climate change projections
Karmalkar, A. V., Bradley, R. S., & Díaz, H. F. (2011) · Climate Dynamics · doi:10.1007/s00382-011-1099-9 · Cited by 231
Lizard thermal trait variation at multiple scales: a review
Clusella‐Trullas, S., & Chown, S. L. (2013) · Journal of Comparative Physiology B · doi:10.1007/s00360-013-0776-x · Cited by 223
State of the World's Amphibians
Catenazzi, A. (2015) · Annual Review of Environment and Resources · doi:10.1146/annurev-environ-102014-021358 · Cited by 211
Drought, Deluge and Declines: The Impact of Precipitation Extremes on Amphibians in a Changing Climate
Walls, S. C., Barichivich, W. J., & Brown, M. E. (2013) · Biology · doi:10.3390/biology2010399 · Cited by 205
Conservation Planning with Uncertain Climate Change Projections
Kujala, H., Moilanen, A., Araújo, M. B., & Cabeza, M. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0053315 · Cited by 199
Predicting susceptibility to future declines in the world's frogs
Bielby, J., Cooper, N., Cunningham, A. A., Garner, T. W. J., & Purvis, A. (2008) · Conservation Letters · doi:10.1111/j.1755-263x.2008.00015.x · Cited by 188
The Global Status of Reptiles and Causes of Their Decline
Todd, B. D., Willson, J., & Gibbons, J. W. (2010) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/ebk1420064162-c3 · Cited by 171
Climate Change, Multiple Stressors, and the Decline of Ectotherms
Rohr, J. R., & Palmer, B. D. (2013) · Conservation Biology · doi:10.1111/cobi.12086 · Cited by 171
Thermal adaptation revisited: How conserved are thermal traits of reptiles and amphibians?
Bodensteiner, B. L., Agudelo‐Cantero, G. A., Arietta, A. Z. A., Gunderson, A. R., Muñoz, M. M., Refsnider, J. M., & Gangloff, E. J. (2020) · Journal of Experimental Zoology Part A Ecological and Integrative Physiology · doi:10.1002/jez.2414 · Cited by 179
Climate Change in the Tropics: Ecological and Evolutionary Responses at Low Latitudes
Sheldon, K. S. (2019) · Annual Review of Ecology Evolution and Systematics · doi:10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-110218-025005 · Cited by 183
Are lizards feeling the heat? A tale of ecology and evolution under two temperatures
Meiri, S., Bauer, A. M., Chirio, L., Colli, G. R., Das, I., Doan, T. M., Feldman, A., Castro‐Herrera, F., Novosolov, M., Pafilis, P., et al. (2013) · Global Ecology and Biogeography · doi:10.1111/geb.12053 · Cited by 162
Engineering a future for amphibians under climate change
Shoo, L. P., Olson, D. H., McMenamin, S. K., Murray, K. A., Sluys, M. V., Donnelly, M. A., Stratford, D., Terhivuo, J., Merino‐Viteri, A., Herbert, S. M., et al. (2011) · Journal of Applied Ecology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2664.2010.01942.x · Cited by 152
Self-citation
Impacts of human‐induced environmental change in wetlands on aquatic animals
Sievers, M., Hale, R., Parris, K. M., & Swearer, S. E. (2017) · Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · doi:10.1111/brv.12358 · Cited by 149
Dramatic declines in neotropical salamander populations are an important part of the global amphibian crisis
Rovito, S. M., Parra‐Olea, G., Vásquez-Almazán, C. R., Papenfuss, T. J., & Wake, D. B. (2009) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0813051106 · Cited by 146
Are Lizards Toast?
Huey, R. B., Losos, J. B., & Moritz, C. C. (2010) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1190374 · Cited by 148
Hot and bothered: Using trait-based approaches to assess climate change vulnerability in reptiles
Böhm, M., Cook, D., Ma, H., Davidson, A. D., García, A., Tapley, B., Pearce‐Kelly, P., & Carr, J. (2016) · Biological Conservation · doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2016.06.002 · Cited by 137
Tropical amphibians in shifting thermal landscapes under land‐use and climate change
Nowakowski, A. J., Watling, J. I., Whitfield, S. M., Todd, B. D., Kurz, D. J., & Donnelly, M. A. (2016) · Conservation Biology · doi:10.1111/cobi.12769 · Cited by 129
Self-citation
Effects of Land‐Use Change on Community Composition of Tropical Amphibians and Reptiles in Sulawesi, Indonesia
Wanger, T. C., Iskandar, D. T., Motzke, I., Brook, B. W., Sodhi, N. S., Clough, Y., & Tscharntke, T. (2010) · Conservation Biology · doi:10.1111/j.1523-1739.2009.01434.x · Cited by 127
Batrachochytriumdendrobatidisinfection patterns among Panamanian amphibian species, habitats and elevations during epizootic and enzootic stages
Brem, F., & Lips, K. R. (2008) · Diseases of Aquatic Organisms · doi:10.3354/dao01960 · Cited by 118
Life-history traits and extrinsic threats determine extinction risk in New Zealand lizards
Tingley, R., Hitchmough, R. A., & Chapple, D. G. (2013) · Biological Conservation · doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2013.05.028 · Cited by 120
Long‐term change in the avifauna of undisturbed Amazonian rainforest: ground‐foraging birds disappear and the baseline shifts
Stouffer, P. C., Jirinec, V., Rutt, C. L., Bierregaard, R. O., Hernández‐Palma, A., Johnson, E. I., Midway, S. R., Powell, L. L., Wolfe, J. D., & Lovejoy, T. Ε. (2020) · Ecology Letters · doi:10.1111/ele.13628 · Cited by 112
Biodiversity monitoring: some proposals to adequately study species’ responses to climate change
Lepetz, V., MASSOT, M., Schmeller, D. S., & Clobert, J. (2009) · Biodiversity and Conservation · doi:10.1007/s10531-009-9636-0 · Cited by 118
Natural history of the terciopelo Bothrops asper (Serpentes: Viperidae) in Costa Rica
Sasa, M., Wasko, D. K., & Lamar, W. W. (2009) · Toxicon · doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2009.06.024 · Cited by 109
Self-citation
Will climate change reduce the efficacy of protected areas for amphibian conservation in Italy?
D‘Amen, M., Bombi, P., Pearman, P. B., Schmatz, D. R., Zimmermann, N. E., & Bologna, M. A. (2011) · Biological Conservation · doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2010.11.004 · Cited by 96
The trophic role of a forest salamander: impacts on invertebrates, leaf litter retention, and the humification process
Best, M. L., & Welsh, H. H. (2014) · Ecosphere · doi:10.1890/es13-00302.1 · Cited by 96
Northward Shifts of the Distributions of Spanish Reptiles in Association with Climate Change
Moreno‐Rueda, G., Pleguezuelos, J. M., Pizarro, M., & Montori, A. (2011) · Conservation Biology · doi:10.1111/j.1523-1739.2011.01793.x · Cited by 90
Effects of temperature and hydric environment on survival of the Panamanian Golden Frog infected with a pathogenic chytrid fungus
BUSTAMANTE, H. M., Livo, L. J., & Carey, C. (2010) · Integrative Zoology · doi:10.1111/j.1749-4877.2010.00197.x · Cited by 83
Countryside biogeography of Neotropical reptiles and amphibians
Mendenhall, C. D., Frishkoff, L. O., Santos-Barrera, G., Pacheco, J., Mesfun, E., Quijano, F. M., Ehrlich, P. R., Ceballos, G., Daily, G. C., & Pringle, R. M. (2014) · Ecology · doi:10.1890/12-2017.1 · Cited by 81
Belowground Response to Drought in a Tropical Forest Soil. II. Change in Microbial Function Impacts Carbon Composition
Bouskill, N., Wood, T. E., Baran, R., Hao, Z., Ye, Z., Bowen, B. P., Lim, H. C., Nico, P., Holman, H. N., Gilbert, B., et al. (2016) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2016.00323 · Cited by 82
Amphibian Decline and Conservation in Central America
Whitfield, S. M., Lips, K. R., & Donnelly, M. A. (2016) · Copeia · doi:10.1643/ch-15-300 · Cited by 82
Self-citation
The Global Status of Reptiles and Causes of Their Decline
Todd, B. D., Willson, J. D., & Gibbons, J. W. (2010) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/ebk1420064162-10 · Cited by 80
Biodiversity is affected by changes in management intensity of cocoa-based agroforests
Deheuvels, O., Rousseau, G. X., Quiroga, G. S., Franco, M. D., Cerda, R. H., Mendoza, S. V., & Somarriba, E. (2014) · Agroforestry Systems · doi:10.1007/s10457-014-9710-9 · Cited by 79
Enigmatic declines in bird numbers in lowland forest of eastern Ecuador may be a consequence of climate change
Blake, J. G., & Loiselle, B. A. (2015) · PeerJ · doi:10.7717/peerj.1177 · Cited by 77
Climate change implicated in amphibian and lizard declines
Wake, D. B. (2007) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0702506104 · Cited by 77
Climate change is linked to long-term decline in a stream salamander
Lowe, W. H. (2011) · Biological Conservation · doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2011.10.004 · Cited by 75
Animal Species Recognition with Deep Convolutional Neural Networks from Ecological Camera Trap Images
Islam, S. B., Valles, D., Hibbitts, T. J., Ryberg, W. A., Walkup, D. K., & Forstner, M. R. J. (2023) · Animals · doi:10.3390/ani13091526 · Cited by 88
The importance of defining focal assemblages when evaluating amphibian and reptile responses to land use
Thompson, M. E., Nowakowski, A. J., & Donnelly, M. A. (2015) · Conservation Biology · doi:10.1111/cobi.12637 · Cited by 79
Self-citation
Infection risk decreases with increasing mismatch in host and pathogen environmental tolerances
Nowakowski, A. J., Whitfield, S. M., Eskew, E. A., Thompson, M. E., Rose, J. P., Caraballo, B. L., Kerby, J. L., Donnelly, M. A., & Todd, B. D. (2016) · Ecology Letters · doi:10.1111/ele.12641 · Cited by 72
Self-citation
Conservation value of cacao agroforestry for amphibians and reptiles in South‐East Asia: combining correlative models with follow‐up field experiments
Wanger, T. C., Saro, A., Iskandar, D. T., Brook, B. W., Sodhi, N. S., Clough, Y., & Tscharntke, T. (2009) · Journal of Applied Ecology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2664.2009.01663.x · Cited by 74
Chytridiomycosis and Amphibian Population Declines Continue to Spread Eastward in Panama
Woodhams, D. C., Kilburn, V. L., Reinert, L. K., Voyles, J., Medina, D., Ibáñez, R., Hyatt, A. D., Boyle, D. G., Pask, J. D., Green, D. M., et al. (2008) · EcoHealth · doi:10.1007/s10393-008-0190-0 · Cited by 73
Higher metabolic plasticity in temperate compared to tropical lizards suggests increased resilience to climate change
Sun, B., Williams, C. M., Li, T., Speakman, J. R., Jin, Z., Lu, H., Luo, L.-G., & Du, W. (2022) · Ecological Monographs · doi:10.1002/ecm.1512 · Cited by 71
Infection and co-infection by the amphibian chytrid fungus and ranavirus in wild Costa Rican frogs
Whitfield, S. M., Geerdes, E., Chacón, I., Rodriguez, E. B., Jimenez, R., Donnelly, M., & Kerby, J. L. (2013) · Diseases of Aquatic Organisms · doi:10.3354/dao02598 · Cited by 71
Self-citation
Temporal shifts in dung beetle community structure within a protected area of tropical wet forest: a 35‐year study and its implications for long‐term conservation
Escobar, F., Halffter, G., Solís, Á., Halffter, V., & Navarrete‐Gutiérrez, D. (2008) · Journal of Applied Ecology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2664.2008.01551.x · Cited by 67
Turn up the heat: thermal tolerances of lizards at La Selva, Costa Rica
Brusch, G. A., Taylor, E. N., & Whitfield, S. M. (2015) · Oecologia · doi:10.1007/s00442-015-3467-3 · Cited by 67
Self-citation
Influence of Anthropogenic Disturbances on Stand Structural Complexity in Andean Temperate Forests: Implications for Managing Key Habitat for Biodiversity
Caviedes, J., & Ibarra, J. T. (2017) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0169450 · Cited by 66
What works for threatened species recovery? An empirical evaluation for Australia
Taylor, M. F. J., Sattler, P. S., Evans, M., Fuller, R. A., Watson, J. E. M., & Possingham, H. P. (2011) · Biodiversity and Conservation · doi:10.1007/s10531-010-9977-8 · Cited by 66
Global stressors and the global decline of amphibians: tipping the stress immunocompetency axis
Kiesecker, J. M. (2010) · Ecological Research · doi:10.1007/s11284-010-0702-6 · Cited by 64
Temporal Variation in Infection Prevalence by the Amphibian Chytrid Fungus in Three Species of Frogs at La Selva, Costa Rica
Whitfield, S. M., Kerby, J. L., Gentry, L. R., & Donnelly, M. A. (2012) · Biotropica · doi:10.1111/j.1744-7429.2012.00872.x · Cited by 66
Self-citation
Tropical birds are declining in the Hainan Island of China
Xu, Y., Lin, S., He, J., Xin, Y., Zhang, L., Jiang, H., & Li, Y. (2016) · Biological Conservation · doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2016.05.029 · Cited by 62
Patterns and causes of understory bird declines in human-disturbed tropical forest landscapes: A case study from Central America
Visco, D. M., Michel, N. L., Boyle, W. A., Sigel, B. J., Woltmann, S., & Sherry, T. W. (2015) · Biological Conservation · doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2015.05.018 · Cited by 61
Conservation of Neotropical Herpetofauna: Research Trends and Challenges
Urbina-Cardona, N. (2008) · Tropical Conservation Science · doi:10.1177/194008290800100405 · Cited by 63
Phylogenetic autocorrelation of extinction threat in globally imperilled amphibians
Corey, S. J., & Waite, T. A. (2007) · Diversity and Distributions · doi:10.1111/j.1472-4642.2007.00448.x · Cited by 57
Predicted impact of climate change on threatened terrestrial vertebrates in central Spain highlights differences between endotherms and ectotherms
Aragón, P., Rodríguez, M. Á., Olalla‐Tárraga, M. Á., & Lobo, J. M. (2010) · Animal Conservation · doi:10.1111/j.1469-1795.2009.00343.x · Cited by 58
Reptiles as potential vectors and hosts of the amphibian pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in Panama
Kilburn, V. L., Ibáñez, R., & Green, D. M. (2011) · Diseases of Aquatic Organisms · doi:10.3354/dao02409 · Cited by 61
Decline of an endangered amphibian during an extreme climatic event
Scheele, B. C., Driscoll, D. A., Fischer, J., & Hunter, D. A. (2012) · Ecosphere · doi:10.1890/es12-00108.1 · Cited by 56
Unraveling the influences of climate change in Lepidosauria (Reptilia)
Diele‐Viegas, L. M., & Rocha, C. F. D. (2018) · Journal of Thermal Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jtherbio.2018.11.005 · Cited by 58
DNA barcode reference data for the Korean herpetofauna and their applications
Jeong, T. J., Jun, J., Han, S. H., Kim, H. T., Oh, K., & Kwak, M. (2013) · Molecular Ecology Resources · doi:10.1111/1755-0998.12055 · Cited by 54
Plasticity of thermoregulatory behaviour in response to the thermal environment by widespread and alpine reptile species
Caldwell, A. J., While, G. M., & Wapstra, E. (2017) · Animal Behaviour · doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2017.07.025 · Cited by 54
Evaluating multiple causes of amphibian declines of Ecuador using geographical quantitative analyses
Menéndez‐Guerrero, P. A., & Graham, C. H. (2013) · Ecography · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0587.2012.07877.x · Cited by 50
Role of environmental and spatial processes in structuring anuran communities across a tropical rain forest
Rojas, D., Landeiro, V. L., & Menin, M. (2012) · Austral Ecology · doi:10.1111/j.1442-9993.2011.02330.x · Cited by 52
Landscape resistance to movement of the poison frog, O ophaga pumilio, in the lowlands of northeastern C osta R ica
Nowakowski, A. J., Jiménez, B. O., Allen, M., Diaz‐Escobar, M., & Donnelly, M. A. (2012) · Animal Conservation · doi:10.1111/j.1469-1795.2012.00585.x · Cited by 52
Self-citation
Declines and the Global Status of Amphibians
Alford, R. A. (2010) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/ebk1420064162-c2 · Cited by 52
Amphibian Diversity and Threatened Species in a Severely Transformed Neotropical Region in Mexico
Meza-Parral, Y., & Pineda, E. (2015) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0121652 · Cited by 50
Rapid extirpation of a North American frog coincides with an increase in fungal pathogen prevalence: Historical analysis and implications for reintroduction
Adams, A. J., Pessier, A. P., & Briggs, C. J. (2017) · Ecology and Evolution · doi:10.1002/ece3.3468 · Cited by 46
Why amphibians are important
Halliday, T. R. (2008) · International Zoo Yearbook · doi:10.1111/j.1748-1090.2007.00037.x · Cited by 47
Survival and Abundance in Males of the Glass FrogEspadarana(Centrolene)prosobleponin Central Panama
McCaffery, R. M., & Lips, K. R. (2012) · Journal of Herpetology · doi:10.1670/11-327 · Cited by 46
Effects of agricultural pesticides on the reproductive system of aquatic wildlife species, with crocodilians as sentinel species
Tavalieri, Y. E., Galoppo, G. H., Canesini, G., Luque, E. H., & Muñoz‐de‐Toro, M. (2020) · Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.mce.2020.110918 · Cited by 46
Distribution of anuran amphibians in massively altered landscapes in south‐eastern Australia: effects of climate change in an aridifying region
Nally, R. M., Horrocks, G., Lada, H., Lake, P. S., Thomson, J. R., & Taylor, A. C. (2009) · Global Ecology and Biogeography · doi:10.1111/j.1466-8238.2009.00469.x · Cited by 46
Acute toxicity tests and meta-analysis identify gaps in tropical ecotoxicology for amphibians
Ghose, S. L., Donnelly, M. A., Kerby, J. L., & Whitfield, S. M. (2014) · Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry · doi:10.1002/etc.2665 · Cited by 45
Self-citation
Age, Size, and Growth of the Chilean Frog Pleurodema thaul (Anura: Leiuperidae): Latitudinal and Altitudinal Effects
Iturra-Cid, M., Ortiz, J. C., & Ibargüengoytía, N. R. (2010) · Copeia · doi:10.1643/cg-09-193 · Cited by 46
Evaluating connectivity for tropical amphibians using empirically derived resistance surfaces
Nowakowski, A. J., Veiman-Echeverria, M., Kurz, D. J., & Donnelly, M. A. (2014) · Ecological Applications · doi:10.1890/14-0833.1 · Cited by 43
Self-citation
Negative density-dependent mortality varies over time in a wet tropical forest, advantaging rare species, common species, or no species
Bachelot, B., Kobe, R. K., & Vriesendorp, C. (2015) · Oecologia · doi:10.1007/s00442-015-3402-7 · Cited by 44
Truly enigmatic declines in terrestrial salamander populations in G reat S moky M ountains N ational P ark
Caruso, N. M., & Lips, K. R. (2012) · Diversity and Distributions · doi:10.1111/j.1472-4642.2012.00938.x · Cited by 41
Spatial and temporal variation in survival of a rare reptile: a 22-year study of Sonoran desert tortoises
Zylstra, E. R., Steidl, R. J., Jones, C. A., & Averill‐Murray, R. C. (2012) · Oecologia · doi:10.1007/s00442-012-2464-z · Cited by 44
Mechanistic insights into landscape genetic structure of two tropical amphibians using field‐derived resistance surfaces
Nowakowski, A. J., DeWoody, J. A., Fagan, M. E., Willoughby, J. R., & Donnelly, M. A. (2014) · Molecular Ecology · doi:10.1111/mec.13052 · Cited by 42
Self-citation
Novel temperatures are already widespread beneath the world’s tropical forest canopies
Trew, B. T., Edwards, D. P., Lees, A. C., Klinges, D. H., Early, R., Svátek, M., Plichta, R., Matula, R., Okello, J., Niessner, A., et al. (2024) · Nature Climate Change · doi:10.1038/s41558-024-02031-0 · Cited by 43
How effective are agri‐environment schemes for protecting and improving herpetofaunal diversity in Australian endangered woodland ecosystems?
Michael, D., Wood, J. T., Crane, M. J., Montague‐Drake, R., & Lindenmayer, D. B. (2013) · Journal of Applied Ecology · doi:10.1111/1365-2664.12215 · Cited by 40

Authors: Whitfield, S. M., Bell, K. E., Philippi, T., Sasa, M., Bolaños, F., Chaves, G., Savage, J. M., & Donnelly, M. A.
Affiliations: Florida International University (US)
*Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, University Park Campus, OE 167, Miami, FL 33199;
Universidad de Costa Rica (CR)
Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro, Costa Rica; and
San Diego State University (US)
ORCID: Whitfield, Steven M.
Sasa, Mahmood
Bolaños, Federico
Savage, Jay M.
Venue: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Publisher: National Academy of Sciences
Published: 2007-05-15
Volume: 104
Issue: 20
Pages: 8352-8356
ISSN: 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
1091-6490
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0611256104
PMC: PMC1895953
OpenAlex: W1990549687
Cited by: 355
References: 43
Citations by year: 2026: 5 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 26 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 23 · 2013: 31 · 2012: 26
FWCI: 20.29
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Locations: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Science Foundation (9200081)
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Florida International University
Universidad de Costa Rica
Division of Environmental Biology
Topics: Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics › Amphibian and Reptile Biology
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Freshwater macroinvertebrate diversity and ecology
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Nature and Landscape Conservation › Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
Keywords: amphibian decline, terrestrial amphibians, reptiles, leaf litter, climate change, chytridiomycosis, lowland rainforest, La Selva Biological Station, long-term population monitoring
MeSH terms: Amphibians, Animals, Climate, Costa Rica, Reptiles, Plant Leaves, Extinction, Biological

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Amphibian and reptile declines over 35 years at La Selva, Costa Rica

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Self-check

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks