The DOI matches its Crossref record; 36 of the 36 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Functionally significant insulin-like growth factor I receptor mutations in centenarians
Open accessAbstract
Rather than being a passive, haphazard process of wear and tear, lifespan can be modulated actively by components of the insulin/insulin-like growth factor I (IGFI) pathway in laboratory animals. Complete or partial loss-of-function mutations in genes encoding components of the insulin/IGFI pathway result in extension of life span in yeasts, worms, flies, and mice. This remarkable conservation throughout evolution suggests that altered signaling in this pathway may also influence human lifespan. On the other hand, evolutionary tradeoffs predict that the laboratory findings may not be relevant to human populations, because of the high fitness cost during early life. Here, we studied the biochemical, phenotypic, and genetic variations in a cohort of Ashkenazi Jewish centenarians, their offspring, and offspring-matched controls and demonstrated a gender-specific increase in serum IGFI associated with a smaller stature in female offspring of centenarians. Sequence analysis of the IGF1 and IGF1 receptor ( IGF1R ) genes of female centenarians showed overrepresentation of heterozygous mutations in the IGF1R gene among centenarians relative to controls that are associated with high serum IGFI levels and reduced activity of the IGFIR as measured in transformed lymphocytes. Thus, genetic alterations in the human IGF1R that result in altered IGF signaling pathway confer an increase in susceptibility to human longevity, suggesting a role of this pathway in modulation of human lifespan.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“The activity of IGF-1/IGFR that elevates PI3K/Akt/mTor has been shown to act against longevity in animal [110] and human studies [111,112].”
From Molecular Targets of 20-Hydroxyecdysone in Mammals, Mechanism of Action: Is It a Calorie Restriction Mimetic and Anti-Aging Compound? (2025) · cites this paper as [111]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn the citing paper
“Polymorphisms in two IIS pathway genes, the IGF-1 receptor and the downstream FOXO3 transcription factor, have been associated with longevity and healthy ageing in humans (62–64).”
From Neural mechanisms of ageing and cognitive decline (2010) · cites this paper as [63]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Role of insulin-like growth factors in embryonic and postnatal growth
Baker, J., Liu, J.-P., Robertson, E. J., & Efstratiadis, A. (1993) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(05)80085-6 · Cited by 2,463
A "Silent" Polymorphism in the MDR 1 Gene Changes Substrate Specificity
Kimchi-Sarfaty, C., Oh, J. M., Kim, I.-W., Sauna, Z. E., Calcagno, A. M., Ambudkar, S. V., & Gottesman, M. M. (2007) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1135308 · Cited by 2,416
Kimura, K. D., Tissenbaum, H. A., Liu, Y., & Ruvkun, G. (1997) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.277.5328.942 · Cited by 2,250
IGF-1 receptor regulates lifespan and resistance to oxidative stress in mice
Holzenberger, M., Dupont, J., Ducos, B., Leneuve, P., Géloën, A., Even, P. C., Cervera, P., & Le Bouc, Y. (2003) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature01298 · Cited by 2,109
The plasticity of aging: insights from long-lived mutants
Kenyon, C. (2005) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2005.02.002 · Cited by 1,338
Multiple Rare Alleles Contribute to Low Plasma Levels of HDL Cholesterol
Cohen, J. C., Kiss, R. S., Pertsemlidis, A., Marcel, Y. L., McPherson, R., & Hobbs, H. H. (2004) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1099870 · Cited by 1,108
Woods, K. A., Camacho‐Hübner, C., Savage, M. O., & Clark, A. (1996) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199610313351805 · Cited by 1,083
A Single IGF1 Allele Is a Major Determinant of Small Size in Dogs
Sutter, N. B., Bustamante, C. D., Chase, K., GRAY, M. M., Zhao, K., Zhu, L., Padhukasahasram, B., Karlins, E., Davis, S. R., Jones, P. G., et al. (2007) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1137045 · Cited by 673
IGF-I Receptor Mutations Resulting in Intrauterine and Postnatal Growth Retardation
Abuzzahab, M. J., Schneider, A., Goddard, A. D., Grigorescu, F., Lautier, C., Keller, E., Kieß, W., Klammt, J., Kratzsch, J., Osgood, D. P., et al. (2003) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa010107 · Cited by 624
Unique Lipoprotein Phenotype and Genotype Associated With Exceptional Longevity
Barzilai, N. (2003) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.290.15.2030 · Cited by 578
Self-citation
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- J Dupont, D LeRoith Horm Res 55, 22–26 (2001).
- LG Louie, MC King Am J Hum Genet 48, 637–638 (1991).
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 601–700 of 701
Hormonal Influences on Aging and Lifespan
Spong, A., & Bartke, A. (2009) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-90-481-3465-6_3 · Cited by 1
Gevers, E. F., & Dattani, M. (2008) · KARGER eBooks · doi:10.1159/000158556 · Cited by 1
Zhang, Y., Zhang, W., Zhang, P., Li, Q., Sun, Y., Wang, J., Zhang, S. O., Cai, T., Zhan, C., & Dong, M. (2021) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2021.07.31.454567 · Cited by 1
Mitochondria Inspire a LifestylePreprint
Krämer, P., & Bressan, P. (2018) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/t49eg · Cited by 2
Yang, J., Tare, A., Zhang, L. J., Kim, S., Ryu, S., Guo, Q., Zhu, Y., Wang, X., Wang, X., Hudgins, A. D., et al. (2023) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2023.05.17.540984 · Cited by 2
Self-citationLitke, R. R., Vicari, J. M., Huang, B. T., Shapiro, L. R., Roh, K.-H., Silver, A. E., Talreja, P., Palacios, N., Yoon, Y., Kellner, C. P., et al. (2023) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2023.06.12.544352 · Cited by 1
Weng, Y., Zhou, S., Morillo, K. S., Kaletsky, R. L., Lin, S., & Murphy, C. T. (2024) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.95621.2 · Cited by 1
Growth Hormone, Insulin-like Growth Factor I and Insulin: their Relationship to Aging and Cancer
Novosyadlyy, R., Gallagher, E. J., & LeRoith, D. (2009) · Research and perspectives in endocrine interactions · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-04302-4_8
GH & IGF1: Aspects of Global and Local Release and Actions
Robinson, I. C. A. F. (2009) · Research and perspectives in endocrine interactions · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-04302-4_1
Genetic and pharmacological approaches to preventing neurodegeneration
Boccitto, M. (2012) · Scholarly Commons (University of Pennsylvania)
Cellular mechanisms in response to stress: sirtuin
Echeverri-Ruíz, N. P., & Mockus, I. (2010) · Revista de la Facultad de Medicina
Gatenby, V. K. (2014) · White Rose eTheses Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York)
Queen Honeybee and Me: Forever Young? Conserved Pathways for Longevity
Knäblein, J., & Huber, R. (2013) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9783527669417.ch26
Régulation de l’IGF-I par la nutrition : mécanismes et implications
Thissen, J. (2012) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-2-8178-0196-4_4
Cellular mechanisms in response to stress: sirtuin
Echeverri-Ruíz, N. P., & Mockus, I. (2010)
Health Parameters Across the Lifespan Among the Ache of Paraguay
Wagner, J. D. (2012) · UNM’s Digital Repository (University of New Mexico)
Mechanisms Associated with Aging and Age-Related Disease in Drosophila
Jones, M. A. (2010) · VCU Scholars Compass (Virginia Commonwealth University) · doi:10.25772/1gec-7n27
Biologie et ciblage thérapeutique de l’IGF1R
Soria, J. (2009) · Revue de Pneumologie Clinique · doi:10.1016/s0761-8417(09)72497-6
Gene Mutations Associated with Longevity
Talan, J. (2008) · Neurology Today · doi:10.1097/01.nt.0000316145.43074.48
Uptodate on GH/IGF-1 axis actions
Baldelli, R. (2013) · Reviews in Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.11138/rem/2013.1.1.011
Science Signaling Podcast: 08 April 2008
Adler, E. M., & Foley, J. F. (2008) · Science Signaling · doi:10.1126/stke.114pc3
Methods for Identifying Pathway Epistasis and the Effects of Aging on the Human Methylome
Hannum, G. (2012) · eScholarship (California Digital Library)
Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
Regan, J. C., & Partridge, L. (2013)
Thompson, A. C. S. (2014) · ProQuest Demo Repository
Insulin pathway and its correlation with ageing and longevity
Accardi, G. (2014) · Nova Science Publishers (Nova Science Publishers, Inc.)
Cerebral ageing-the role of insulin and insulin-like growth factor signalling: A review
Romain, G. (2014) · World Journal of Neurology · doi:10.5316/wjn.v4.i3.12
Lai, C., Parnell, L. D., & Ordovás, J. M. (2010) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-1-4160-6231-8.10007-8
Hormone for "Anti-Aging" and Bodybuilding New Developments in the Illegal Provision of Growth
Olshansky, S. J., & Perls, T. T. (2008)
Germline Stem Cells and Their Roles in the Regulation of Organism Longevity
Lin, C.-C., & Wang, M. C. (2015) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-7091-1232-8_3
Rosenbloom, A. L., Foster, T. P., Haller, M., & Guevara‐Aguirre, J. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-66296-6_2
Cho, M., & Suh, Y. (2015) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-411596-5.00012-5
Self-citationLongevity Assurance by Genome Maintenance
Hasty, P., Suh, Y., & Vijg, J. (2013) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/b14587-3
Self-citationNakamura, T., Hansen, M., Oldham, S., & Lipton, S. A. (2010) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-1-4160-6231-8.10025-x
Lee, C. D., & Longo, V. D. (2016) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-27318-1_27-1
ANALISI PROTEOMICA DEL MUSCOLO CARDIACO DI RATTO IN CORSO D'INVECCHIAMENTO
Leone, R. (2014) · Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca (Universita Degli Studi Di Milano) · doi:10.13130/leone-roberta_phd2014-02-04
Can we rejuvenate? Implications of biological aging research
Son, Y., & Kim, J. R. (2017) · Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science · doi:10.12701/yujm.2017.34.1.1
EXPLORING POLYMORPHISM AND EFFECTS OF THE IGFIR GENE ON PRODUCTIVE LIFE IN BARKI EWES
Ibrahim, A. H. M., & Alsheik, S. M. (2016) · Egyptian Journal of Genetics and Cytology
Hormones of Hypothalamus in Aging
Kaur, G., & Parkash, J. (2017) · Healthy ageing and longevity · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-63001-4_8
Arpalahti, L. (2018) · Työväentutkimus Vuosikirja
Piening, B. (2018) · Clinical Chemistry · doi:10.1373/clinchem.2017.282020
Animal Models of Pathological Aging
Emmons, E. B., Kim, Y.-C., & Narayanan, N. S. (2018) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118772034.ch4
Molecular Signal Integration of Aging and Diabetes Mellitus
Sarvilina, I. V. (2018) · InTech eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.70699
Bartke, A., Darcy, J., & Yuan, R. (2018) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-811353-0.00018-x
O’Brien, E., Cawthon, R., Smith, K. R., & Kerber, R. A. (2018) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/361881
Ganio, K. (2017) · Minerva Access (University of Melbourne)
An Investigation of Circular RNAs on a Genome-Wide Scale
Jeck, W. R. (2019) · Carolina Digital Repository (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) · doi:10.17615/ysjn-jn69
Early Life Programming of Aging in Genetically Long-Lived Mice
Bartke, A., & Sun, L. Y. (2019) · Healthy ageing and longevity · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-24958-8_3
Growth Hormone and Mammalian Aging
van Heemst, D., van der Spoel, E., & Bartke, A. (2019) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-801238-3.11451-5 · Cited by 1
Dogra, N., & Mukhopadhyay, T. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-32-9005-1_5
Anti-Oxidant Nutrients and Nutraceuticals in Aging
Zulfiqar, A., Ishaq, S., & Ahmed, T. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-15-3552-9_9 · Cited by 1
Nature Versus Nurture: What Can be Learned from the Oldest-Old's Claims About Longevity?
Poljšak, B., Kovač, V., Levec, T., & Milisav, I. (2021) · Rejuvenation Research · doi:10.1089/rej.2020.2379
TangKai, Y., Shen, X., MuKui, Y., & Liu, L. (2015)
Treaster, S. B., Deelen, J., Daane, J. M., Murabito, J. M., Karasik, D., & Harris, M. P. (2021) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-1126287/v1
Giuliani, C., Garagnani, P., & Franceschi, C. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-22009-9_731
Dominguez, L. J., & Barbagallo, M. (2012) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119952930.ch130
Dominguez, L. J., & Barbagallo, M. (2022) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119484288.ch115
Machado, M. L., Zamberlan, D. C., Arantes, L. P., Aschner, M., & Soares, F. A. A. (2022) · Molecular and integrative toxicology · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-87451-3_1
A quantitative analysis of the molecular organization of dendritic spines from hippocampal neurons
Helm, M. S. (2019) · eDiss (Georg-August-Universität Göttingen) · doi:10.53846/goediss-7592
Promislow, D. (2013) · Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature · doi:10.3410/f.717970933.793472305
Maduro, M. (2009) · Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature · doi:10.3410/f.1163908.625743
Faculty Opinions recommendation of 40 YEARS of IGF1: IGF1: the Jekyll and Hyde of the aging brain.
Rosenzweig, S. A. (2020) · Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature · doi:10.3410/f.733206804.793572330
Palmer, A. K., & Kirkland, J. L. (2016) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9781107294967.002
Lee, C. D., & Longo, V. D. (2018) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-44675-2_27
Gu, J., Fuller, C., Carbonetto, P., He, X., Zheng, J., & Li, H. (2021) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2021.02.09.430368
Der Effekt von Wachstumshormon auf die menschlichen Alterungsprozesse. Teil 1
Klentze, M. (2018) · Journal für Gynäkologische Endokrinologie/Schweiz · doi:10.1007/s41975-018-0055-z
Chau, P. ‐., & Herring, J. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-60208-6_7
Rosenzweig, S. A. (2020) · Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature · doi:10.3410/f.737540679.793572319
Dietary restriction and mTOR and IIS inhibition: the potential to antiaging drug approach
Tsou, S. (2022) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-90235-9.00003-3
The metabolite α-ketobutyrate increases health and life spans by activating AMPKPreprint
Chen, C., Lomenick, B., Chai, M., Huang, W., Chu, J., Vergnes, L., Johnson, R. O., Vashisht, A. A., Chin, R., Dix, M. M., et al. (2022) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2022.10.10.511641
Treaster, S. B., Deelen, J., Daane, J. M., Murabito, J. M., Karasik, D., & Harris, M. (2022) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-1126287/v3
Adult-restricted gene knock-down reveals candidates that affect locomotive healthspan in C. elegans
Jushaj, A., Churgin, M. A., Torre, M. D. L., Kieswetter, A., Driesschaert, B., Dhondt, I., Braeckman, B. P., Fang-Yen, C. M., & Temmerman, L. (2023) · Biogerontology · doi:10.1007/s10522-022-10009-8
Weng, Y., Zhou, S., Morillo, K. S., Kaletsky, R. L., Lin, S., & Murphy, C. T. (2024) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.95621.1
Weng, Y., Zhou, S., Morillo, K. S., Kaletsky, R. L., Lin, S., & Murphy, C. T. (2024) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.95621.3
Lessons from Exceptionally Long-Lived Individuals and Long-Living Families
Smulders, L., & Deelen, J. (2024) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781009007245.017
Associations of IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 with aging and the development of age-associated diseases
Константиновна, И. А., Matchekhina, L. V., Melnitskaia, A. A., & Strazhesko, I. D. (2024) · Problems of Geroscience · doi:10.37586/2949-4745-3-2024-131-140
Gu, J., Fuller, C., Carbonetto, P. S., He, X., Zheng, J., & Li, H. (2025) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.107957
Gu, J., Fuller, C., Carbonetto, P. S., He, X., Zheng, J., & Li, H. (2025) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.107957.1
Narasimhan, S. D. (2010) · The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) Network (American Medical Association) · doi:10.13028/fhpk-6423
Wang, E., Wang, Y., Xu, Z., Zhang, Z., Jiang, Y., & Zhao, C. (2026) · Food Reviews International · doi:10.1080/87559129.2026.2613707
Albrecht, V., Murgia, M., Schranner, D., Schönfelder, M., Müller, J., Halle, M., Wackerhage, H., & Mann, M. (2026) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.64898/2026.02.05.704017
Plasma Proteome Profiling of Centenarian Across Switzerland Reveals Key Youth‐Associated Proteins
Delhaes, F., Falciola, J., Hoffman, A., Carnésecchi, S., Cavalli, S., von Gunten, A., Jopp, D. S., Herrmann, F. R., & Krause, K. (2026) · Aging Cell · doi:10.1111/acel.70409 · Cited by 1
Links between Germline and Longevity in Caenorhabditis elegans
Goudeau, J. F. (2011) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/544ae7cczac83z426azbb95zd11d7e7a73ab
Rôle et régulation de l'haptoglobine adipocytaire au cours du vieillissement
Astre, G. (2018) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/91523d31z8a53z44e6z8f1dzf0a02840a7e5
Amélioration de la régénération cellulaire et tissulaire au cours du vieillissement
Alle, Q. (2020) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/932e617bzcb45z4332z8badzfda37d5299a8
Small-molecule IGF1R inhibitors extend healthspan in a mouse modelPreprint
Balandina, Y., Stadnikov, T., Basarab, G. S., Eyermann, C. J., & Suvorov, A. (2026) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.64898/2026.04.13.718278
Centenarian SIRT6 variants elevate SIRT6 protein and enhance cellular senescence resistancePreprint
Suh, Y., Yang, J., Wang, X., Han, H., Zhu, Y., Zhang, L. J., Chen, H., & Robbins, P. D. (2026) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-9997679/v1
Self-citationFourfold lifespan extension in C. elegans daf-2 mutant malesPreprint
Russell, M., Lin, M., Lasher, A. T., Austad, S. N., & Sun, L. Y. (2026) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.111931
Fourfold lifespan extension in C. elegans daf-2 mutant malesPreprint
Russell, M., Lin, M., Lasher, A. T., Austad, S. N., & Sun, L. Y. (2026) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.111931.1
Scoping review unravelling longevity secrets beyond the century mark
Ibrahim, S., Kheir‐Mataria, W. A. E., Abdelrahim, O., & Chun, S. (2026) · Discover Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12982-026-02363-6
To longevity and beyond: A systems view of aging and stress resilience
Sideri, S., Cosentino, M., Forcina, L., & Musarò, A. (2026) · Mechanisms of Ageing and Development · doi:10.1016/j.mad.2026.112236
Duran‐Ortiz, S., List, E. O., Young, J. A., Ikeno, Y., Zhu, S., McHugh, T., O’Connor, P. M., Kim, M., Benayoun, B. A., Benencia, F., et al. (2026) · Aging Cell · doi:10.1111/acel.70695
Beating Around the “Wrong” Bush?
Watve, M. (2012) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-4409-1_13
Metadata
- Authors
- Suh, Y., Atzmon, G., Cho, M.-O., Hwang, D., Liu, B., Leahy, D. J., Barzilai, N., & Cohen, P.
- Affiliations
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine (US)
- Yeshiva University (US)
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2008-03-04
- Volume
- 105
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 3438-3442
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- PMC
- PMC2265137
- OpenAlex
- W2096452837
- Cited by
- 703
- References
- 36
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 33 · 2021: 40 · 2020: 38 · 2019: 37 · 2018: 41 · 2017: 55 · 2016: 39 · 2015: 36 · 2014: 38 · 2013: 35 · 2012: 54
- FWCI
- 18.58
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute on Aging (AG024391, P01AG027734, R01AG024391, R03AG023292, AG023292)
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (R01GM099321)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Aging › Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetics and Physical Performance
- Keywords
- IGF-1 receptor, centenarians, human longevity, lifespan extension, heterozygous mutation, female offspring, height, evolutionary trade-offs
- MeSH terms
- Aged, 80 and over, DNA Mutational Analysis, Family Health, Heterozygote, Humans, Insulin-Like Growth Factor I, Jews, Longevity, Lymphocytes, Mutation, Sex Factors, Cohort Studies, Receptor, IGF Type 1, Body Size
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review