The DOI matches its Crossref record; 6 of the 6 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The evolution of gene collectives: How natural selection drives chemical innovation
Open accessAbstract
DNA sequencing has become central to the study of evolution. Comparing the sequences of individual genes from a variety of organisms has revolutionized our understanding of how single genes evolve, but the challenge of analyzing polygenic phenotypes has complicated efforts to study how genes evolve when they are part of a group that functions collectively. We suggest that biosynthetic gene clusters from microbes are ideal candidates for the evolutionary study of gene collectives; these selfish genetic elements evolve rapidly, they usually comprise a complete pathway, and they have a phenotype—a small molecule—that is easy to identify and assay. Because these elements are transferred horizontally as well as vertically, they also provide an opportunity to study the effects of horizontal transmission on gene evolution. We discuss known examples to begin addressing two fundamental questions about the evolution of biosynthetic gene clusters: How do they propagate by horizontal transfer? How do they change to create new molecules?
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Lateral gene transfer and the nature of bacterial innovation
Ochman, H., Lawrence, J. G., & Groisman, E. A. (2000) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35012500 · Cited by 3,816
Natural products as sources of new drugs over the period 1981–2002
Newman, D. J., Cragg, G. M., & Snader, K. M. (2003) · Journal of Natural Products · doi:10.1021/np030096l · Cited by 3,082
Schmidt, E. W., Nelson, J. T., Rasko, D. A., Sudek, S., Eisen, J. A., Haygood, M. G., & Ravel, J. (2005) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0501424102 · Cited by 567
When Less Is More: Gene Loss as an Engine of Evolutionary Change
Olson, M. V. (1999) · The American Journal of Human Genetics · doi:10.1086/302219 · Cited by 437
Microbial Genes in the Human Genome: Lateral Transfer or Gene Loss?
Salzberg, S. L., White, O., Peterson, J., & Eisen, J. A. (2001) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1061036 · Cited by 326
Natural combinatorial peptide libraries in cyanobacterial symbionts of marine ascidians
Donia, M. S., Hathaway, B. J., Sudek, S., Haygood, M. G., Rosovitz, M. J., Ravel, J., & Schmidt, E. W. (2006) · Nature Chemical Biology · doi:10.1038/nchembio829 · Cited by 261
Cited by
Insights into Secondary Metabolism from a Global Analysis of Prokaryotic Biosynthetic Gene Clusters
Cimermancic, P., Medema, M. H., Claesen, J., Kurita, K., Wieland Brown, L. C., Mavrommatis, K., Pati, A., Godfrey, P. A., Koehrsen, M., Clardy, J., et al. (2014) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2014.06.034 · Cited by 981
Self-citationGenomic basis for natural product biosynthetic diversity in the actinomycetes
Nett, M., Ikeda, H., & Moore, B. S. (2009) · Natural Product Reports · doi:10.1039/b817069j · Cited by 757
The evolution of genome mining in microbes – a review
Ziemert, N., Alanjary, M., & Weber, T. (2016) · Natural Product Reports · doi:10.1039/c6np00025h · Cited by 688
Renaissance in antibacterial discovery from actinomycetes
BALTZ, R. (2008) · Current Opinion in Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.coph.2008.04.008 · Cited by 498
Biologically Active Secondary Metabolites from the Fungi
Bills, G. F., & Gloer, J. B. (2016) · Microbiology Spectrum · doi:10.1128/microbiolspec.funk-0009-2016 · Cited by 438
Metadata
- Authors
- Fischbach, M. A., Walsh, C. T., & Clardy, J.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2008-03-25
- Volume
- 105
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 4601-4608
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- OpenAlex
- W2014874550
- Cited by
- 309
- References
- 6
- FWCI
- 11.38
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The evolution of gene collectives: How natural selection drives chemical innovation. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1073/pnas.0709132105
- The paper
- Fischbach, M. A., Walsh, C. T., & Clardy, J. (2008). The evolution of gene collectives: How natural selection drives chemical innovation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0709132105
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.