The DOI matches its Crossref record; 25 of the 25 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Metabolic engineering of a thermophilic bacterium to produce ethanol at high yield
Open accessAbstract
We report engineering Thermoanaerobacterium saccharolyticum , a thermophilic anaerobic bacterium that ferments xylan and biomass-derived sugars, to produce ethanol at high yield. Knockout of genes involved in organic acid formation (acetate kinase, phosphate acetyltransferase, and L-lactate dehydrogenase) resulted in a strain able to produce ethanol as the only detectable organic product and substantial changes in electron flow relative to the wild type. Ethanol formation in the engineered strain (ALK2) utilizes pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase with electrons transferred from ferredoxin to NAD(P), a pathway different from that in previously described microbes with a homoethanol fermentation. The homoethanologenic phenotype was stable for >150 generations in continuous culture. The growth rate of strain ALK2 was similar to the wild-type strain, with a reduction in cell yield proportional to the decreased ATP availability resulting from acetate kinase inactivation. Glucose and xylose are co-utilized and utilization of mannose and arabinose commences before glucose and xylose are exhausted. Using strain ALK2 in simultaneous hydrolysis and fermentation experiments at 50°C allows a 2.5-fold reduction in cellulase loading compared with using Saccharomyces cerevisiae at 37°C. The maximum ethanol titer produced by strain ALK2, 37 g/liter, is the highest reported thus far for a thermophilic anaerobe, although further improvements are desired and likely possible. Our results extend the frontier of metabolic engineering in thermophilic hosts, have the potential to significantly lower the cost of cellulosic ethanol production, and support the feasibility of further cost reductions through engineering a diversity of host organisms.
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Cites
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Self-citationBiomass Recalcitrance: Engineering Plants and Enzymes for Biofuels Production
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Self-citationHow biotech can transform biofuels
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Self-citationBacteria engineered for fuel ethanol production: current status
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What is (and is not) vital to advancing cellulosic ethanol
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Cited by
Argyros, D. A., Tripathi, S. A., Barrett, T. F., Rogers, S. R., Feinberg, L. F., Olson, D. G., Foden, J. M., Miller, B. B., Lynd, L. R., Hogsett, D. A., et al. (2011) · Applied and Environmental Microbiology · doi:10.1128/aem.00646-11 · Cited by 334
Self-citationMicrobial response to environmental stresses: from fundamental mechanisms to practical applications
Guan, N., Li, J., Shin, H.-D., Du, G., Chen, J., & Liu, L. (2017) · Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology · doi:10.1007/s00253-017-8264-y · Cited by 299
Salehi Jouzani, G., & Taherzadeh, M. J. (2015) · Biofuel Research Journal · doi:10.18331/brj2015.2.1.4 · Cited by 224
Bioethanol Production From Corn and Wheat: Food, Fuel, and Future
Mohanty, S. K., & Swain, M. R. (2019) · Bioethanol Production from Food Crops · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-813766-6.00003-5 · Cited by 153
Technologies for Biofuel Production: Current Development, Challenges, and Future Prospects
Kour, D., Rana, K. L., Yadav, N., Yadav, A. N., Rastegari, A. A., Singh, C., Negi, P., Singh, K., & Saxena, A. K. (2019) · Biofuel and Biorefinery Technologies · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-14463-0_1 · Cited by 121
Metadata
- Authors
- Shaw, A. J., Podkaminer, K. K., Desai, S. G., Bardsley, J. S., Rogers, S. R., Thorne, P. G., Hogsett, D. A., & Lynd, L. R.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2008-09-16
- Volume
- 105
- Issue
- 37
- Pages
- 13769-13774
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- OpenAlex
- W277046200
- Cited by
- 388
- References
- 25
- FWCI
- 18.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
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