Hierarchical coding for sequential task events in the monkey prefrontal cortex
Open accessAbstract
The frontal lobes play a key role in sequential organization of behavior. Little is known, however, of the way frontal neurons code successive phases of a structured task plan. Using correlational analysis, we asked how a population of frontal cells represents the multiple events of a complex sequential task. Monkeys performed a conventional cue–target association task, with distinct cue, delay, and target phases. Across the population of recorded cells, we examined patterns of activity for different task phases, and in the same phase, for different stimulus objects. The results show hierarchical representation of task events. For different task phases, there were different, approximately orthogonal patterns of activity across the population of neurons. Modulations of each basic pattern encoded stimulus information within each phase. By orthogonal coding, the frontal lobe may control transitions between the discrete steps of a mental program; by correlated coding within each step, similar operations may be applied to different stimulus content.
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The activity of neurons varied substantially in different trial epochs (99% of neurons, 675/681, ANOVA p<0.05).
“Consistent with previous studies23-25, we found that the activity of neurons varied substantially in different trial epochs (99% of neurons, 675/681, ANOVA p<0.05).”
From A reservoir of time constants for memory traces in cortical neurons (2011) · cites this paper as [24]
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Target Detection by Opponent Coding in Monkey Prefrontal Cortex
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Task and stimulus coding in the multiple-demand network
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A Network Activity Reconfiguration Underlies the Transition from Goal to Action
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The Spatiotemporal Structure of Population Coding in Monkey Parietal Cortex: Figure 1.
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Task structure tailors the geometry of neural representations in human lateral prefrontal cortexPreprint
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Working Memory: From Neural Activity to the Sentient Mind
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Self-citationNeuronal Encoding in Prefrontal Cortex during Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Sigala, N., Kusunoki, M., Nimmo-Smith, I., Gaffan, D., & Duncan, J.
- Affiliations
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit (GB)
- *Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3UD, United Kingdom; and
- Medical Research Council, Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, Cambridge CB2 7EF, United Kingdom
- University of Oxford (GB)
- ORCID
- Sigala, Natasha
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2008-08-19
- Volume
- 105
- Issue
- 33
- Pages
- 11969-11974
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- PMC
- PMC2504480
- OpenAlex
- W2013122119
- Cited by
- 140
- References
- 46
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 4.48
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Keywords
- hierarchical coding, prefrontal cortex, orthogonal coding, frontal lobe, sequential behavior
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Behavior, Animal, Macaca mulatta, Memory, Cluster Analysis, Prefrontal Cortex
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