Task-dependent changes in short-term memory in the prefrontal cortex
Open accessAbstract
The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is important for flexible, context-dependent behavioral control. It also plays a critical role in short-term memory maintenance. Though many studies have investigated these functions independently, it is unclear how these two very different processes are realized by a single brain area. To address this, we trained two monkeys on two variants of an object sequence memory task. These tasks had the same memory requirements but differed in how information was read out and used. For the “recognition” task, the monkeys had to remember two sequentially presented objects and then release a bar when a matching sequence was recognized. For the “recall” task, the monkeys had to remember the same sequence of objects but were instead required to recall the sequence and reproduce it with saccadic eye movements when presented with an array of objects. After training, we recorded the activity of PFC neurons during task performance. We recorded 222 neurons during the recognition task, 177 neurons during the recall task, and 248 neurons during the switching task (interleaved blocks of recognition and recall). Task context had a profound influence on neural selectivity for objects. During the recall task, the first object was encoded more strongly than the second object, while during the recognition task, the second object was encoded more strongly. In addition, most of the neurons encoded both the task and the objects, evidence for a single population responsible for these two critical prefrontal functions.
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Some accessory memory items outside the focus of attention are also coded with persistent activity in medial temporal lobe and prefrontal cortex.
“Some of these accessory memory items are also coded with persistent activity in the medial temporal lobe (Kornblith et al., 2017) and prefrontal cortex (Warden and Miller, 2010).”
From Conscious Processing and the Global Neuronal Workspace Hypothesis (2020) · cites this paper as Warden and Miller, 2010
The Results (‘Proportion of object selectivity in different tasks’; page unavailable) report that some prefrontal neurons encoded both objects during a two-object memory delay, supporting persistent coding of multiple items in prefrontal cortex. The paper does not establish that either item was outside the focus of attention or was an accessory item. The medial-temporal-lobe portion of the citing sentence is attributed to a different citation, not to Warden and Miller. (LLM, conf=0.85)
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- Authors
- Warden, M. R., & Miller, E. K.
- Affiliations
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (US)
- Corresponding author
- Miller, Earl K.
- Venue
- The Journal of Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Society for Neuroscience
- Published
- 2010-11-24
- Volume
- 30
- Issue
- 47
- Pages
- 15801-15810
- ISSN
- 0270-6474 (ISSN-L)
- 1529-2401
- PMC
- PMC3082458
- OpenAlex
- W1986268014
- Cited by
- 171
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 5.04
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation
- National Institutes of Health (5r01ns035145-15)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01-NS035145)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
- Keywords
- prefrontal cortex, short-term memory, task context, memory encoding, recognition memory, recall memory, saccades, task switching, single-unit recording, monkeys, behavioral flexibility
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Eye Movements, Female, Macaca mulatta, Male, Memory, Short-Term, Photic Stimulation, Psychomotor Performance, Prefrontal Cortex, Recognition, Psychology
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