Expression of CX 3 CR1 chemokine receptors on neurons and their role in neuronal survival
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Recent in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that the chemokine fractalkine is widely expressed in the brain and localized principally to neurons. Central nervous system expression of CX 3 CR1, the only known receptor for fractalkine, has been demonstrated exclusively on microglia and astrocytes. Thus, it has been proposed that fractalkine regulates cellular communication between neurons (that produce fractalkine) and microglia (that express its receptor). Here we show, for the first time, that hippocampal neurons also express CX 3 CR1. Receptor activation by soluble fractalkine induces activation of the protein kinase Akt, a major component of prosurvival signaling pathways, and nuclear translocation of NF-κB, a downstream effector of Akt. Fractalkine protects hippocampal neurons from the neurotoxicity induced by the HIV-1 envelope protein gp120 IIIB , an effect blocked by anti-CX 3 CR1 antibodies. Experiments with two different inhibitors of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, a key enzyme in the activation of Akt, and with a phospholipid activator of Akt demonstrate that Akt activation is responsible for the neuroprotective effects of fractalkine. These data show that neuronal CX 3 CR1 receptors mediate the neurotrophic effects of fractalkine, suggesting that fractalkine and its receptor are involved in a complex network of both paracrine and autocrine interactions between neurons and glia.
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Meucci et al. (2000) reported that Cx3cr1 is expressed in cultured neurons and promotes neuronal survival.
“Meucci et al. (2000) reported that Cx3cr1is expressed in cultured neurons and promotes neuronal survival.”
From Targeting Microglia Using Cx3cr1-Cre Lines: Revisiting the Specificity (2019) · cites this paper as Meucci et al. (2000)
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- Authors
- Meucci, O., Fatatis, A., Simen, A. A., & Miller, R. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Chicago (US)
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2000-06-27
- Volume
- 97
- Issue
- 14
- Pages
- 8075-8080
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- PMC
- PMC16672
- OpenAlex
- W2071832924
- Cited by
- 385
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 16
- FWCI
- 9.42
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Update notices
- correction (2001-12-18)
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5p01ns033826-05, NS33826, NS21442)
- U.S. Public Health Service (MC40165)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (R01DA002121, DA-02121)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (P01NS021442, NS-33826)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (T32HD007009)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Chemokine receptors and signaling
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Keywords
- fractalkine, CX3CR1, hippocampal neurons, neuronal survival, neuroprotection, Akt signaling, NF-κB nuclear translocation, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, neurotrophic effects, neuron-glia interactions, chemokine receptors
- MeSH terms
- NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha, CX3C Chemokine Receptor 1, Animals, Astrocytes, Cell Survival, DNA-Binding Proteins, Hippocampus, Membrane Proteins, Neurons, Phosphatidylinositols, Proto-Oncogene Proteins, Recombinant Proteins, Signal Transduction, Receptors, HIV, NF-kappa B, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases, Receptors, Cytokine, Chemokines, CXC, Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases, Chemokines, CX3C, I-kappa B Proteins, Culture Techniques, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt, Rats, Chemokine CX3CL1
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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