Mechanism of chromosomal transfer of Enterococcus faecalis pathogenicity island, capsule, antimicrobial resistance, and other traits
Open accessAbstract
The Enterococcus faecalis pathogenicity island (PAI) encodes known virulence traits and >100 additional genes with unknown roles in enterococcal biology. Phage-related integration and excision genes, and direct repeats flanking the island, suggest it moves as an integrative conjugative element (ICE). However, transfer was observed not to require these genes. Transfer only occurred from donors possessing a pheromone responsive-type of conjugative plasmid, and was invariably accompanied by transfer of flanking donor chromosome sequences. Deletion of plasmid transfer functions, including the cis -acting origin of transfer ( oriT ), abolished movement. In addition to demonstrating PAI movement by a mechanism involving plasmid integration, we observed transfer of a selectable marker placed virtually anywhere on the chromosome. Transfer of this selectable marker was observed to be accompanied by chromosome-chromosome transfer of vancomycin resistance, MLST markers, and capsule genes as well. Plasmid mobilization therefore appears to be a major mechanism for horizontal gene transfer in the evolution of antibiotic resistant E. faecalis strains capable of causing human infection.
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Conjugation uses mobile genetic elements as vehicles to share genetic information, although direct transfer from chromosome to chromosome has also been well characterized.
“As a general rule, conjugation uses mobile genetic elements (MGEs) as vehicles to share valuable genetic information, although direct transfer from chromosome to chromosome has also been well characterized (9).”
From Mechanisms of Antibiotic Resistance (2016) · cites this paper as [9]
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- Authors
- Manson, J. M., Hancock, L. E., & Gilmore, M. S.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- Kansas State University (US)
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2010-06-04
- Volume
- 107
- Issue
- 27
- Pages
- 12269-12274
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- PMC
- PMC2901427
- OpenAlex
- W1991318015
- Cited by
- 192
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 13
- FWCI
- 7.01
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R01AI072360, R01AI077782, P01AI083214)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Medicine › Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus
- Keywords
- Enterococcus faecalis, pathogenicity islands, horizontal gene transfer, plasmid integration, conjugative plasmids, integrative and conjugative elements, chromosome transfer, vancomycin resistance, capsule genes, antimicrobial resistance, virulence genes, plasmid mobilization, origin of transfer (oriT)
- MeSH terms
- Bacterial Infections, Bacteriophages, Chromosomes, Bacterial, Conjugation, Genetic, DNA, Bacterial, Humans, Mutation, Plasmids, Enterococcus faecalis, Transduction, Genetic, Virulence, Bacterial Capsules, Vancomycin Resistance, Gene Transfer, Horizontal, Drug Resistance, Bacterial, Genomic Islands
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