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Childhood bullying involvement predicts low-grade systemic inflammation into adulthood
Open accessAbstract
Significance: Bullying is a common childhood experience that affects children at all income levels and racial/ethnic groups. Being a bully victim has long-term adverse consequences on physical and mental health and financial functioning, but bullies themselves display few ill effects. Here, we show that victims suffer from greater increases in low-grade systemic inflammation from childhood to young adulthood than are seen in others. In contrast, bullies showed lower increases in inflammation into adulthood compared with those uninvolved in bullying. Elevated systemic low-grade inflammation is a mechanism by which this common childhood social adversity may get under the skin to affect adult health functioning, even many years later.
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“Similarly, exposure to bullying during childhood and adolescence is associated with elevated CRP during early (Copeland et al., 2014) and middle adulthood (Takizawa et al., 2015)”
From Developmental psychoneuroendocrine and psychoneuroimmune pathways from childhood adversity to disease (2017) · cites this paper as Copeland et al., 2014
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“Other studies failed to detect this reduction (3, 103, 122, 224, 234, 254, 469, 580).”
From The Sleep-Immune Crosstalk in Health and Disease (2019) · cites this paper as [122]
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“This pattern was robust, controlling body mass index, substance use, physical and mental health status, and exposures to other childhood psychosocial adversities (Copeland, et al., 2014).”
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Metadata
- Authors
- Copeland, W. E., Wolke, D., Lereya, S. T., Shanahan, L., Worthman, C., & Costello, E. J.
- Affiliations
- Duke University (US)
- Department of Psychology and Division of Mental Health and Wellbeing, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom;
- University of Warwick (GB)
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- Emory University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Copeland, William E.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2014-05-12
- Volume
- 111
- Issue
- 21
- Pages
- 7570-7575
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- PMC
- PMC4040559
- OpenAlex
- W2159691606
- Cited by
- 291
- References
- 62
- Citations by year
- 2026: 16 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 33 · 2021: 34 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 27 · 2016: 24 · 2015: 29 · 2014: 5
- FWCI
- 41.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DukeSpace (Duke University) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Funders
- William T. Grant Foundation (MH63671, MH48085, DA/MH11301, MH63970)
- National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression (MH63970, MH48085, MH63671, DA/MH11301)
- Economic and Social Research Council (ES/K003593/1)
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH-63671, R01MH063970, R01MH048085, DA/MH11301, MH-63970, MH080230, MH63970, MH63671, MH48085, R03MH094605, and MH080230, MH-48085, K23MH080230, R01MH063671)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (MH63671, MH63970, MH48085, DA/MH11301, P30DA023026, R01DA011301, DA023026)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Bullying, Victimization, and Aggression
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
- Social Sciences › Health › Health disparities and outcomes
- Keywords
- childhood bullying, bullying victimization, bullying perpetration, C-reactive protein, low-grade inflammation, biological embedding, social adversity, dominance, psychosocial adversity, adolescent development, early adulthood, Great Smoky Mountains Study
- MeSH terms
- C-Reactive Protein, Child, Humans, Interviews as Topic, Longitudinal Studies, North Carolina, Prospective Studies, Fluoroimmunoassay, Models, Statistical, Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome, Bullying
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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