Transcription factors TFIIF and TFIIS promote transcript elongation by RNA polymerase II by synergistic and independent mechanisms

Schweikhard, Volker; Meng, Cong; Murakami, Kenji; Kaplan, Craig D.; Kornberg, Roger D.; Block, Steven M.

doi:10.1073/pnas.1405181111

Cited by 92Genomics and Chromatin DynamicsRNA and protein synthesis mechanismsForce Microscopy Techniques and Applications

Transcription factors TFIIF and TFIIS promote transcript elongation by RNA polymerase II by synergistic and independent mechanisms

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Schweikhard, Volker, Meng, Cong, Murakami, Kenji, Kaplan, Craig D., Kornberg, Roger D., Block, Steven M.·2014·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

DOI 10.1073/pnas.1405181111PMC PMC4020062

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Abstract

Significance: In higher organisms, DNA is bound to proteins and tightly packed within the nucleus, leaving only certain regions accessible for gene expression. As the enzyme RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) travels along the DNA template synthesizing RNA, it must contend with forces generated by various obstacles, and some of these forces are known to produce transient pausing and even transcriptional arrest. How do organisms deal with such problems? Using optical-trapping technology, we performed a single-molecule study of RNAPII interactions with transcription factors TFIIS and TFIIF, which are involved in modulating and regulating transcriptional elongation. By applying controlled loads to RNAPII and combinations of these factors, we learned about the mechanisms by which pausing and arrest are overcome.

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TFIIS reduces the duration of pausing and accelerates RNA Pol II transcription in vitro.
“TFIIS thus reduces the duration of pausing and has been shown to accelerate RNA Pol II transcription in vitro (Ishibashi et al, 2014; Schweikhard et al, 2014).”
From RNA polymerase II speed: a key player in controlling and adapting transcriptome composition (2021) · cites this paper as Schweikhard et al, 2014
The Effects of TFIIS and TFIIF Probed by ITP Misincorporation section reports that TFIIS shortened misincorporation-induced pauses, particularly with TFIIF present. But the RNAPII Elongation and Pausing section says TFIIS had no strong effect on pause-free elongation velocity, and the paper does not establish a general reduction in pause duration; under hindering loads, TFIIS increased the density of longer pauses. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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TFIIF and TFIIS Enhance the Mechanical Persistence of Transcript Elongation by RNA Polymerase II
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Authors: Schweikhard, V., Meng, C., Murakami, K., Kaplan, C. D., Kornberg, R. D., & Block, S. M.
Affiliations: Stanford University (US)
Chemistry,
Structural Biology, and
Texas A&M University (US)
ORCID: Schweikhard, Volker
Murakami, Kenji
Kaplan, Craig D.
Kornberg, Roger D.
Venue: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Publisher: National Academy of Sciences
Published: 2014-04-14
Volume: 111
Issue: 18
Pages: 6642-6647
ISSN: 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
1091-6490
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1405181111
PMC: PMC4020062
OpenAlex: W2091727198
Cited by: 92
References: 52
Citations by year: 2026: 6 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 3
FWCI: 3.28
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Locations: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
OakTrust (Texas A&M University Libraries) (submittedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of General Medical Sciences (GM 36659, R37GM057035, GM97260, R01GM097260, GM57035, R01GM057035, R37GM036659, R01GM036659)
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R01AI021144, AI 21144)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Force Microscopy Techniques and Applications
Keywords: RNA polymerase II, transcription elongation, TFIIF, TFIIS, transcription elongation factor, RNA polymerase pausing, backtracking, mechanical loading, transcript cleavage
MeSH terms: Enzyme Activation, Enzyme Reactivators, Inosine Triphosphate, Kinetics, Models, Biological, Recombinant Proteins, RNA Polymerase II, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Transcription Factors, TFII, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins, Transcriptional Elongation Factors, Optical Tweezers, Transcription Elongation, Genetic

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Transcription factors TFIIF and TFIIS promote transcript elongation by RNA polymerase II by synergistic and independent mechanisms

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