Transcription factors IIS and IIF enhance transcription efficiency by differentially modifying RNA polymerase pausing dynamics
Open accessAbstract
Significance: Regulation of gene expression controls fundamental cellular processes, such as growth and differentiation. Gene expression begins at transcription, in which the eukaryotic RNA polymerase (Pol II) synthesizes the precursors of mRNA during the elongation phase. The speed and fidelity of the process are regulated by many transcription elongation factors, including transcription factors IIS (TFIIS) and IIF (TFIIF), which directly interact with the enzyme. Using a single-molecule optical-tweezers assay, we have quantified the effects of these factors on the dynamics of transcription elongation by Pol II on both bare and nucleosomal DNA. We showed that TFIIF mainly prevents Pol II from pause entering, whereas TFIIS assists with pause recovery, and quantitatively described these effects on the kinetics of transcription elongation by Pol II.
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TFIIS reduces the duration of pausing and accelerates RNA Pol II transcription in vitro.
“TFIIS thus reduces the duration of pausing and has been shown to accelerate RNA Pol II transcription in vitro (Ishibashi et al, 2014; Schweikhard et al, 2014).”
From RNA polymerase II speed: a key player in controlling and adapting transcriptome composition (2021) · cites this paper as Ishibashi et al, 2014
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- Authors
- Ishibashi, T., Dangkulwanich, M., Coello, Y., Lionberger, T. A., Lubkowska, L., Ponticelli, A. S., Kashlev, M., & Bustamante, C.
- Affiliations
- QB3 (US)
- Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (US)
- University at Buffalo, State University of New York (US)
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2014-02-18
- Volume
- 111
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 3419-3424
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- PMC
- PMC3948276
- OpenAlex
- W2044001407
- Cited by
- 55
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 3
- FWCI
- 3.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (R01GM032543)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Nuclear Structure and Function
- Keywords
- TFIIS, TFIIF, RNA polymerase II, transcription elongation, transcriptional pausing, polymerase processivity, transcription factors
- MeSH terms
- Escherichia coli, Gene Expression Regulation, Kinetics, Monte Carlo Method, DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases, RNA, Messenger, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Transcription Factors, TFII, Transcriptional Elongation Factors, Optical Tweezers, Transcription Elongation, Genetic
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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