Cited by 520Organic Food and AgricultureAgricultural economics and policiesSustainable Agricultural Systems Analysis

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Financial competitiveness of organic agriculture on a global scale

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Crowder, David W., Reganold, John P.·2015·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

DOI 10.1073/pnas.1423674112PMC PMC4475942

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Abstract

Significance: Some recognize organic agriculture as being important for future global food security, whereas others project it to become irrelevant. Although organic agriculture is rapidly growing, it currently occupies only 1% of global cropland. Whether organic agriculture can continue to expand will likely be determined by whether it is economically competitive with conventional agriculture. Accordingly, we analyzed the financial performance of organic and conventional agriculture from 40 y of studies covering 55 crops grown on five continents. We found that, in spite of lower yields, organic agriculture was significantly more profitable than conventional agriculture and has room to expand globally. Moreover, with its environmental benefits, organic agriculture can contribute a larger share in sustainably feeding the world.

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Authors: Crowder, D. W., & Reganold, J. P.
Affiliations: Washington State University (US)
ORCID: Crowder, David W.
Reganold, John P.
Venue: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Publisher: National Academy of Sciences
Published: 2015-06
Volume: 112
Issue: 24
Pages: 7611-7616
ISSN: 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
1091-6490
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1423674112
PMC: PMC4475942
OpenAlex: W1531521427
Cited by: 518
References: 50
Citations by year: 2026: 56 · 2025: 51 · 2024: 55 · 2023: 51 · 2022: 44 · 2021: 67 · 2020: 47 · 2019: 36 · 2018: 34 · 2017: 40 · 2016: 33 · 2015: 3
FWCI: 3.84
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Locations: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Organic Food and Agriculture
Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Agricultural economics and policies
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Agronomy and Crop Science › Sustainable Agricultural Systems Analysis
Keywords: organic farming, conventional farming, economic competitiveness, organic premium, benefit-cost ratio, net present value, labor costs, crop yield, food security, ecosystem services
MeSH terms: Agriculture, Conservation of Natural Resources, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Costs and Cost Analysis, Food Supply, Ecosystem, Crops, Agricultural, Organic Agriculture

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