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Animal origin of 13th-century uterine vellum revealed using noninvasive peptide fingerprinting

Fiddyment, Sarah, Holsinger, Bruce, Ruzzier, Chiara, Devine, Alexander, Binois, Annelise, Albarella, Umberto, Fischer, Roman, Nichols, Emma, Curtis, Antoinette, Cheese, Edward, Teasdale, Matthew D., Checkley-Scott, Caroline, Milner, Stephen J., Rudy, Kathryn M., Johnson, Eric J., Vnouček, Jiří, Garrison, Mary, McGrory, Simon, Bradley, Daniel G., Collins, Matthew J.·2015·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
DOI 10.1073/pnas.1512264112
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Abstract

Significance: This study reports the first use, to our knowledge, of triboelectric extraction of protein from parchment. The method is noninvasive and requires no specialist equipment or storage. Samples can be collected without the need to transport the artifacts; instead, researchers can sample when and where possible and analyze when required. The level of access we have achieved highlights the importance of this technique. For this study, we have extracted proteins from 513 parchment samples, used to resolve the long-standing question of the origin of “uterine vellum.” We find no evidence of unexpected species, such as rabbit or squirrel. We suggest that uterine vellum was often an achievement of technological production using available resources, and would not have demanded unsustainable agricultural practices.

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Crossref · 10.1073/pnas.1512264112

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  • Through analysis of parchment, ZooMS is revealing temporal and geographic differences in use of animals in medieval economies.

    “Through the analysis of another substrate, ZooMS is also revealing temporal and geographic differences in the use of animals in medieval economies (52–54).”

    From Ancient protein analysis in archaeology (2021) · cites this paper as [53]

  • ZooMS is typically applied to fragmented or morphologically nondiagnostic bone fragments and has also been applied to parchments, ivory, eggshell, combs, and leather objects.

    “For archeological questions, this analysis not only is typically applied to fragmented or morphologically nondiagnostic bone fragments but also has been applied to a range of other archeological material culture, including parchments (52–54), ivory (55), eggshell (19, 22), combs (56), and leather objects (57).”

    From Ancient protein analysis in archaeology (2021) · cites this paper as [53]

  • Fiddyment et al. developed and applied minimally invasive techniques to study parchments by gently rubbing parchments with an eraser and extracting collagen proteins from the eraser shavings.

    “Fiddyment et al. (53) developed and applied minimally invasive techniques to study parchments (manuscripts) made of animal skin by gently rubbing parchments with an eraser, which pulls off loose collagen fibers, and extracting collagen proteins from the eraser shavings.”

    From Ancient protein analysis in archaeology (2021) · cites this paper as [53]

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Metadata

Authors
Fiddyment, S., Holsinger, B., Ruzzier, C., Devine, A., Binois, A., Albarella, U., Fischer, R., Nichols, E., Curtis, A., Cheese, E., Teasdale, M. D., Checkley-Scott, C., Milner, S. J., Rudy, K. M., Johnson, E. J., Vnouček, J., Garrison, M., McGrory, S., Bradley, D. G., & Collins, M. J.
Affiliations
  • BioArCh, Department of Archaeology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom;
  • Department of English, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904-4121;
  • Institut de recherche Religions, spiritualités, cultures, sociétés, Université catholique de Louvain, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium;
  • Department of English/Schoenberg Institute for Manuscript Studies, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19014;
  • UMR 7041 Archéologie et Sciences de l'Antiquité (ArScAn), Archéologies environnementales, Université de Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne, F-92023 Nanterre Cedex, France;
  • Department of Archaeology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 4ET, United Kingdom;
  • Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, United Kingdom;
  • Department of Conservation, Cambridge University Library, Cambridge CB3 9DR, United Kingdom;
  • Collection Care, Norfolk Record Office, Norwich NR1 2DQ, United Kingdom;
  • Department of Manuscripts and Printed Books, The Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge CB2 1RB, United Kingdom;
  • Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland;
  • Collection Care, The University of Manchester Library, The John Rylands Library, Manchester M3 3EH, United Kingdom;
  • Department of Italian, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom;
  • School of Art History, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife KY16 9AL, United Kingdom;
  • Rare Books & Manuscripts Library, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210;
  • Department of Preservation, The Royal Library, DK-1016 København K, Denmark;
  • Department of History, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
Venue
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Publisher
National Academy of Sciences
Published
2015-11-23
Volume
112
Issue
49
Pages
15066-15071
ISSN
  • 0027-8424
  • 1091-6490
DOI
10.1073/pnas.1512264112
Cited by
168
References
2
Language
en
Licence
www.pnas.org/site/misc/userlicense.xhtml (vor)
Funders
  • European Commission (299101-PALIMPSEST)
  • British Academy (Postdoctoral Fellowship Funding)
  • EC | European Research Council (295729-CodeX)
  • University Of Manchester (Seedcorn grant)

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