Questionnaires and task-based measures assess different aspects of self-regulation: Both are needed
Open accessAbstract
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Task-based and self-report measures of cognitive control may best be considered separable constructs that are both relevant to mental health.
“However, some evidence suggests that task-based and self-report measures of CC may best be considered separable constructs that are both relevant to mental health [209, 213], because they independently predict psychopathology in multiple regressions [157, 214, 215].”
From The role of prefrontal cortex in cognitive control and executive function (2022) · cites this paper as [213]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Friedman, N. P., & Miyake, A. (2017) · Cortex · doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2016.04.023 · Cited by 1,834 · see citing works
Self-citationToplak, M. E., West, R. F., & Stanovich, K. E. (2013) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/jcpp.12001 · Cited by 1,381 · see citing works
Snyder, H. R., Miyake, A., & Hankin, B. L. (2015) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00328 · Cited by 946 · see citing works
Sharma, L., Markon, K. E., & Clark, L. A. (2014) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/a0034418 · Cited by 630 · see citing works
Large-scale analysis of test–retest reliabilities of self-regulation measures
Enkavi, A. Z., Eisenberg, I. W., Bissett, P. G., Mazza, G. L., MacKinnon, D. P., Marsch, L. A., & Poldrack, R. A. (2019) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1818430116 · Cited by 489 · see citing works
Barkley, R. A., & Fischer, M. (2011) · Developmental Neuropsychology · doi:10.1080/87565641.2010.549877 · Cited by 413 · see citing works
Friedman, N. P., Miyake, A., Altamirano, L. J., Corley, R. P., Young, S. E., Rhea, S. A., & Hewitt, J. K. (2016) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/dev0000075 · Cited by 294 · see citing works
Self-citationMalanchini, M., Engelhardt, L. E., Grotzinger, A. D., Harden, K. P., & Tucker–Drob, E. M. (2018) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/pspp0000224 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Ellingson, J. M., Corley, R., Hewitt, J. K., & Friedman, N. P. (2019) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/add.14489 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Self-citationStability of genetic and environmental influences on executive functions in midlife.
Gustavson, D. E., Panizzon, M. S., Elman, J. A., Franz, C. E., Reynolds, C. A., Jacobson, K. C., Friedman, N. P., Xian, H., Toomey, R., Lyons, M. J., et al. (2018) · Psychology and Aging · doi:10.1037/pag0000230 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Self-citationReply to Friedman and Banich: Right measures for the research question
Enkavi, A. Z., Eisenberg, I. W., Bissett, P. G., Mazza, G. L., MacKinnon, D. P., Marsch, L. A., & Poldrack, R. A. (2019) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1917123116 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The role of prefrontal cortex in cognitive control and executive function
Friedman, N. P., & Robbins, T. W. (2022) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/s41386-021-01132-0 · Cited by 1,737 · see citing works
“However, some evidence suggests that task-based and self-report measures of CC may best be considered separable constructs that are both relevant to mental health [209, 213], because they independently predict psychopathology in multiple regressions [157, 214, 215].”
BackgroundSelf-citationRethinking Executive Function and Its Development
Doebel, S. (2020) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/1745691620904771 · Cited by 517 · see citing works
“Cognitive control in media multitaskers” ten years on: A meta-analysis
Parry, D. A., & Le Roux, D. B. (2021) · Cyberpsychology: Journal of Psychosocial Research on Cyberspace · doi:10.5817/cp2021-2-7 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Ellingson, J. M., Corley, R., Hewitt, J. K., & Friedman, N. P. (2019) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/add.14489 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- Friedman, N. P., & Banich, M. T.
- Affiliations
- University of Colorado Boulder (US)
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2019-11-12
- Volume
- 116
- Issue
- 49
- Pages
- 24396-24397
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- PMC
- PMC6900513
- OpenAlex
- W2983814663
- Semantic Scholar
- a56d7cf5305555850180c337eb550197b79b6b08
- Cited by
- 57
- References
- 11
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 1
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- HHS | NIH | National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH063207, R01MH105501)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Behavioral Health and Interventions
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Psychological Testing and Assessment
- Keywords
- self-regulation, questionnaire measures, self-regulation assessment, measurement validity
- MeSH terms
- Self-Control, Psychometrics, Surveys and Questionnaires, Task Performance and Analysis
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
