The DOI matches its Crossref record; 26 of the 26 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Hyperactivated sperm motility driven by CatSper2 is required for fertilization
Open accessAbstract
Elevations of sperm Ca 2+ seem to be responsible for an asymmetric form of motility called hyperactivation, which is first seen near the time of fertilization. The mechanism by which intracellular Ca 2+ concentrations increase remains unknown despite considerable investigation. Although several prototypical voltage-gated calcium channels are present in spermatozoa, they are not essential for motility. Furthermore, the forward velocity and percentage of motility of spermatozoa are associated with infertility, but their importance relative to hyperactivation also remains unknown. We show here that disruption of the gene for a recently described sperm-specific voltage-gated cation channel, CatSper2, fails to significantly alter sperm production, protein tyrosine phosphorylation that is associated with capacitation, induction of the acrosome reaction, forward velocity, or percentage of motility, yet CatSper2 –/– males are completely infertile. The defect that we identify in the null sperm cells is a failure to acquire hyperactivated motility, which seems to render spermatozoa incapable of generating the “power” needed for penetration of the extracellular matrix of the egg. A loss of power is suggested also by experiments in which the viscosity of the medium was increased after incubation of spermatozoa in normal capacitating conditions. In high-viscosity medium, CatSper2-null spermatozoa lost the ability to swim forward, whereas wild-type cells continued to move forward. Thus, CatSper2 is responsible for driving hyperactivated motility, and, even with typical sperm forward velocities, fertilization is not possible in the absence of this highly active form of motility.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Cleavage of Structural Proteins during the Assembly of the Head of Bacteriophage T4
LAEMMLI, U. K. (1970) · Nature · doi:10.1038/227680a0 · Cited by 249,961
Raza, H., John, A., & Nemmar, A. (2013) · Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry · doi:10.1159/000350087 · Cited by 47,221
A sperm ion channel required for sperm motility and male fertility
Ren, D., Navarro, B., Perez, G., Jackson, A. C., Hsu, S., Shi, Q., Tilly, J. L., & Clapham, D. E. (2001) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35098027 · Cited by 957
Loss of Sex Discrimination and Male-Male Aggression in Mice Deficient for TRP2
Stowers, L., Holy, T. E., Meister, M., Dulac, C., & Koentges, G. (2002) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1069259 · Cited by 880
Freichel, M., Suh, S. H., Pfeifer, A., Schweig, U., Trost, C., Weißgerber, P., Biel, M., Philipp, S., Freise, D., Droogmans, G., et al. (2001) · Nature Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/35055019 · Cited by 576
Schultz, N., Hamra, F. K., & Garbers, D. L. (2003) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1635054100 · Cited by 576
Self-citationCatSper1 required for evoked Ca 2+ entry and control of flagellar function in sperm
Carlson, A. E., Westenbroek, R. E., Quill, T., Ren, D., Clapham, D. E., Hille, B., Garbers, D. L., & Babcock, D. F. (2003) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2536658100 · Cited by 379
Self-citationTrp2 regulates entry of Ca2+ into mouse sperm triggered by egg ZP3
Jungnickel, M. K., Marrero, H., Birnbaumer, L., Lémos, J. R., & Florman, H. M. (2001) · Nature Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/35074570 · Cited by 316
A voltage-gated ion channel expressed specifically in spermatozoa
Quill, T. A., Ren, D., Clapham, D. E., & Garbers, D. L. (2001) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.221454998 · Cited by 316
Self-citationSelective loss of cone function in mice lacking the cyclic nucleotide-gated channel CNG3
Biel, M., Seeliger, M., Pfeifer, A., Kohler, K., Gerstner, A., Ludwig, A., Jaissle, G., Fauser, S., Zrenner, E., & Hofmann, F. (1999) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.96.13.7553 · Cited by 279
Cited by
Sperm transport in the female reproductive tract
Suarez, S. S., & Pacey, A. A. (2006) · Human Reproduction Update · doi:10.1093/humupd/dmi047 · Cited by 1,113
CatSper1 required for evoked Ca 2+ entry and control of flagellar function in sperm
Carlson, A. E., Westenbroek, R. E., Quill, T., Ren, D., Clapham, D. E., Hille, B., Garbers, D. L., & Babcock, D. F. (2003) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2536658100 · Cited by 379
Self-citationRegulation of sperm storage and movement in the mammalian oviduct
Suarez, S. S. (2008) · The International Journal of Developmental Biology · doi:10.1387/ijdb.072527ss · Cited by 356
Genetic abnormalities leading to qualitative defects of sperm morphology or function
Ray, P. F., Toure, A., Metzler‐Guillemain, C., Mitchell, M. J., Arnoult, C., & Coutton, C. (2017) · Clinical Genetics · doi:10.1111/cge.12905 · Cited by 179
(2023) · doi:10.1073/pnas.2304409120 · Cited by 21
Metadata
- Authors
- Quill, T. A., Sugden, S. A., Rossi, K. L., Doolittle, L. K., Hammer, R. E., & Garbers, D. L.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2003-12
- Volume
- 100
- Issue
- 25
- Pages
- 14869-14874
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- OpenAlex
- W1987162379
- Cited by
- 377
- References
- 26
- FWCI
- 14.27
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Hyperactivated sperm motility driven by CatSper2 is required for fertilization. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1073/pnas.2136654100
- The paper
- Quill, T. A., Sugden, S. A., Rossi, K. L., Doolittle, L. K., Hammer, R. E., & Garbers, D. L. (2003). Hyperactivated sperm motility driven by CatSper2 is required for fertilization. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2136654100
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
