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Eumetazoan fossils in terminal Proterozoic phosphorites?
Open accessAbstract
Phosphatic sedimentary rocks preserve a record of early animal life different from and complementary to that provided by Ediacaran fossils in terminal Proterozoic sandstones and shales. Phosphorites of the Doushantuo Formation, South China, contain eggs, egg cases, and stereoblastulae that document animals of unspecified phylogenetic position; small fossils containing putative spicules may specifically record the presence of sponges. Microfossils recently interpreted as the preserved gastrulae of cnidarian and bilaterian metazoans can alternatively be interpreted as conventional algal cysts and/or egg cases modified by diagenetic processes known to have had a pervasive influence on Doushantuo phosphorites. Regardless of this interpretation, evidence for Doushantuo eumetazoans is provided by millimeter-scale tubes that display tabulation and apical budding characteristic of some Cnidaria, especially the extinct tabulates. Like some Ediacaran remains, these small, benthic, colonial fossils may represent stem-group eumetazoans or stem-group cnidarians that lived in the late Proterozoic ocean.
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“We confirm in detail an earlier report of the presence in the same deposits of tabulates, an extinct crown group anthozoan form.”
From Precambrian Animal Life: Probable Developmental and Adult Cnidarian Forms from Southwest China (2002) · cites this paper as Xiao et al., 2000
In the citing paper
“both scanning EMs of three-dimensional fossils etched out of the limestone by acid treatment and images obtained from rock sections reveal the close similarity of this form to Paleozoic tabulates (Xiao et al., 2000).”
From Precambrian Animal Life: Probable Developmental and Adult Cnidarian Forms from Southwest China (2002) · cites this paper as Xiao et al., 2000
In the citing paper
“These fossils were identified as tabulates, an extinct form previously known from Cambrian and later Paleozoic deposits.”
From Precambrian Animal Life: Probable Developmental and Adult Cnidarian Forms from Southwest China (2002) · cites this paper as Xiao et al., 2000
In the citing paper
“A fossil adult cnidarian form was also recognized in the Doushantuo phosphorites (Xiao et al., 2000).”
From Precambrian Animal Life: Probable Developmental and Adult Cnidarian Forms from Southwest China (2002) · cites this paper as Xiao et al., 2000
In the citing paper
“Most likely it is a stem-group tabulate which differs from Paleozoic tabulates in its small size and lack of external mineralization.”
From Precambrian Animal Life: Probable Developmental and Adult Cnidarian Forms from Southwest China (2002) · cites this paper as Xiao et al. (2000)
In the citing paper
“Sinocyclocyclicus was a colonial coral-like animal, probably soft bodied, consisting of tubes that are divided into a series of chambers about 10 -16 m apart by cross-walls (tabulae).”
From Precambrian Animal Life: Probable Developmental and Adult Cnidarian Forms from Southwest China (2002) · cites this paper as Xiao et al., 2000
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Paleontological Evidence to Date the Tree of Life
Benton, M. J., & Donoghue, P. C. J. (2006) · Molecular Biology and Evolution · doi:10.1093/molbev/msl150 · Cited by 916
“…that provides a sampling of Ediacaran diversity in a (Yuanetal.2002;Xiaoetal.2005);although anumberofcandidatebilaterianshavebeendescribedfrom thisdeposit(Chenetal.2000,2002,2004a,2004b),thesehave notwithstoodscrutiny(Xiaoetal.2000;Bengtson2003; BengtsonandBudd2004;Raffetal.2006;Donoghueetal.”
BackgroundPeterson, K. J., & Eernisse, D. J. (2001) · Evolution & Development · doi:10.1046/j.1525-142x.2001.003003170.x · Cited by 529
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Integrated Ediacaran (Sinian) chronostratigraphy of South China
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Dorozhkin, S. V. (2011) · Biomatter · doi:10.4161/biom.18790 · Cited by 382
Metadata
- Authors
- Xiao, S., Yuan, X., & Knoll, A. H.
- Affiliations
- Tulane University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Knoll, Andrew H.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2000-11-28
- Volume
- 97
- Issue
- 25
- Pages
- 13684-13689
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- PMC
- PMC17636
- OpenAlex
- W2004614425
- Cited by
- 259
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2025: 7 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 13
- FWCI
- 7.02
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Paleontology and Stratigraphy of Fossils
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Paleontology and Evolutionary Biology
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Evolution and Paleontology Studies
- Keywords
- Doushantuo Formation, phosphate rock, early animal evolution, Ediacaran, sponge spicules, egg cases, diagenesis, tabulate corals, South China
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cnidaria, Fossils, Gastrula, Minerals, Phosphates, Geologic Sediments
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