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Role of glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta as a negative regulator of dorsoventral axis formation in Xenopus embryos.
Open accessAbstract
The dorsoventral axis is established early in Xenopus development and may involve signaling by Wnts, a family of Wnt1-protooncogene-related proteins. The protein kinase shaggy functions in the wingless/Wnt signaling pathway, which operates during Drosophila development. To assess the role of a closely related kinase, glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK-3 beta), in vertebrate embryogenesis, we cloned a cDNA encoding a Xenopus homolog of GSK-3 beta (XGSK-3 beta). XGSK-3 beta-specific transcripts were detected by Northern analysis in Xenopus eggs and early embryos. Microinjection of the mRNA encoding a catalytically inactive form of rat GSK-3 beta into a ventrovegetal blastomere of eight-cell embryos caused ectopic formation of a secondary body axis containing a complete set of dorsal and anterior structures. Furthermore, in isolated ectodermal explants, the mutant GSK-3 beta mRNA activated the expression of neural tissue markers. Wild-type XGSK-3 beta mRNA suppressed the dorsalizing effects of both the mutated GSK-3 beta and Xenopus dishevelled, a proposed upstream signaling component of the same pathway. These results strongly suggest that XGSK-3 beta functions to inhibit dorsoventral axis formation in the embryo and provide evidence for conservation of the Wnt signaling pathway in Drosophila and vertebrates.
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Citations
Cited by
Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling in Development and Disease
Clevers, H. (2006) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2006.10.018 · Cited by 5,568
Polakis, P. (2000) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.14.15.1837 · Cited by 3,183
Wnt signaling: a common theme in animal development
Cadigan, K. M., & Nusse, R. (1997) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.11.24.3286 · Cited by 2,567
Wnt signalling and its impact on development and cancer
Klaus, A., & Birchmeier, W. (2008) · Nature Reviews Cancer · doi:10.1038/nrc2389 · Cited by 1,595
GSK3 takes centre stage more than 20 years after its discovery
FRAME, S., & COHEN, P. (2001) · Biochemical Journal · doi:10.1042/0264-6021:3590001 · Cited by 1,433
Metadata
- Authors
- Dominguez, I., Itoh, K., & Sokol, S. Y.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 1995-08-29
- Volume
- 92
- Issue
- 18
- Pages
- 8498-8502
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- OpenAlex
- W1976353556
- Cited by
- 316
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 7.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Role of glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta as a negative regulator of dorsoventral axis formation in Xenopus embryos. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1073/pnas.92.18.8498
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- Dominguez, I., Itoh, K., & Sokol, S. Y. (1995). Role of glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta as a negative regulator of dorsoventral axis formation in Xenopus embryos. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.92.18.8498
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