Generation of Destabilized Green Fluorescent Protein as a Transcription Reporter
Open accessAbstract
The green fluorescent protein (GFP) is a widely used reporter in gene expression and protein localization studies. GFP is a stable protein; this property allows its accumulation and easy detection in cells. However, this stability also limits its application in studies that require rapid reporter turnover. We created a destabilized GFP for use in such studies by fusing amino acids 422-461 of the degradation domain of mouse ornithine decarboxylase (MODC) to the C-terminal end of an enhanced variant of GFP (EGFP). The fusion protein, unlike EGFP, was unstable in the presence of cycloheximide and had a fluorescence half-life of 2 h. Western blot analysis indicated that the fluorescence decay of EGFP-MODC-(422-461) was correlated with degradation of the fusion protein. We mutated key amino acids in the PEST sequence of EGFP-MODC-(422-461) and identified several mutants with variable half-lives. The suitability of destabilized EGFP as a transcription reporter was tested by linking it to NFkappaB binding sequences and monitoring tumor necrosis factor alpha-mediated NFkappaB activation. We obtained time course induction and dose response kinetics similar to secreted alkaline phosphatase obtained in transfected cells. This result did not occur when unmodified EGFP was used as the reporter. Because of its autofluorescence, destabilized EGFP can be used to directly correlate gene induction with biochemical change, such as NFkappaB translocation to the nucleus.
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d2eGFP has a half-life of 2 hours because of a C-terminal PEST region that promotes protein degradation.
“This variant has a half-life of 2 hours because of a C-terminal PEST region that promotes protein degradation.”
From Modification of antigen-encoding RNA increases stability, translational efficacy, and T-cell stimulatory capacity of dendritic cells (2006) · cites this paper as [22]
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- Authors
- Li, X., Zhao, X., Fang, Y., Jiang, X., Duong, T., Fan, C., Huang, C.-C., & Kain, S. R.
- Corresponding author
- Li, Xianqiang
- Venue
- Journal of Biological Chemistry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1998-12
- Volume
- 273
- Issue
- 52
- Pages
- 34970-34975
- ISSN
- 0021-9258 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2068962163
- Cited by
- 846
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 31 · 2025: 38 · 2024: 33 · 2023: 35 · 2022: 34 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 37 · 2019: 42 · 2018: 32 · 2017: 25 · 2016: 39 · 2015: 31 · 2014: 36 · 2013: 30 · 2012: 29
- FWCI
- 11.11
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Biological Chemistry (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biophysics › Advanced Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › bioluminescence and chemiluminescence research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gene Regulatory Network Analysis
- Keywords
- transcriptional reporter, enhanced green fluorescent protein, PEST sequence, protein degradation, NF-κB activation, TNF-α, NF-kappaB binding site, autofluorescence
- MeSH terms
- Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, Biological Transport, Half-Life, Luminescent Proteins, Microscopy, Fluorescence, Molecular Sequence Data, Ornithine Decarboxylase, Recombinant Fusion Proteins, Transcription, Genetic, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Mutagenesis, NF-kappa B, Genes, Reporter, Green Fluorescent Proteins, Mice
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