Novel Evolutionary-conserved Role for the Activity-dependent Neuroprotective Protein (ADNP) Family That Is Important for Erythropoiesis
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BACKGROUND: ADNP is vital for embryonic development. Is this function conserved for the homologous protein ADNP2? RESULTS: Down-regulation/silencing of ADNP or ADNP2 in zebrafish embryos or mouse erythroleukemia cells inhibited erythroid maturation, with ADNP directly associating with the β-globin locus control region. CONCLUSION: ADNPs are novel molecular regulators of erythropoiesis. SIGNIFICANCE: New regulators of globin synthesis are suggested. Activity-dependent neuroprotective protein (ADNP) and its homologue ADNP2 belong to a homeodomain, the zinc finger-containing protein family. ADNP is essential for mouse embryonic brain formation. ADNP2 is associated with cell survival, but its role in embryogenesis has not been evaluated. Here, we describe the use of the zebrafish model to elucidate the developmental roles of ADNP and ADNP2. Although we expected brain defects, we were astonished to discover that the knockdown zebrafish embryos were actually lacking blood and suffered from defective hemoglobin production. Evolutionary conservation was established using mouse erythroleukemia (MEL) cells, a well studied erythropoiesis model, in which silencing of ADNP or ADNP2 produced similar results as in zebrafish. Exogenous RNA encoding ADNP/ADNP2 rescued the MEL cell undifferentiated state, demonstrating phenotype specificity. Brg1, an ADNP-interacting chromatin-remodeling protein involved in erythropoiesis through regulation of the globin locus, was shown here to interact also with ADNP2. Furthermore, chromatin immunoprecipitation revealed recruitment of ADNP, similar to Brg1, to the mouse β-globin locus control region in MEL cells. This recruitment was apparently diminished upon dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)-induced erythrocyte differentiation compared with the nondifferentiated state. Importantly, exogenous RNA encoding ADNP/ADNP2 significantly increased β-globin expression in MEL cells in the absence of any other differentiation factors. Taken together, our results reveal an ancestral role for the ADNP protein family in maturation and differentiation of the erythroid lineage, associated with direct regulation of β-globin expression.
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The most prominent phenotype of ADNP knockdown in zebrafish is defective erythropoiesis.
“the most prominent phenotype of ADNP knockdown in zebrafish is defective erythropoiesis (63).”
From Genetics and genomics of autism spectrum disorder: embracing complexity (2015) · cites this paper as [63]
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- Authors
- Dresner, E., Malishkevich, A., Arviv, C., Leibman Barak, S., Alon, S., Ofir, R., Gothilf, Y., & Gozes, I.
- Affiliations
- Tel Aviv University (IL)
- Ben-Gurion University of the Negev (IL)
- Corresponding author
- Gozes, Illana
- Venue
- Journal of Biological Chemistry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2012-11
- Volume
- 287
- Issue
- 48
- Pages
- 40173-40185
- ISSN
- 0021-9258 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3504731
- OpenAlex
- W2080512822
- Cited by
- 47
- References
- 62
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 1.98
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Biological Chemistry (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Genetics › Hemoglobinopathies and Related Disorders
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Hemoglobin structure and function
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
- Keywords
- ADNP, erythropoiesis, erythroid maturation, beta-globin locus control region, beta-globin expression, SMARCA4, chromatin remodeling, erythroleukemia cells, zebrafish embryos, hemoglobin synthesis, gene silencing, erythroid differentiation
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Erythropoiesis, Multigene Family, Humans, Molecular Sequence Data, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Zebrafish, Evolution, Molecular, Zebrafish Proteins, Erythroid Cells, Cell Line, Tumor, Mice
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