The DOI matches its Crossref record; 34 of the 34 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
DAB1 and Reelin Effects on Amyloid Precursor Protein and ApoE Receptor 2 Trafficking and Processing
Open accessAbstract
Numerous cytoplasmic adaptor proteins, including JIP1, FE65, and X11alpha, affect amyloid precursor protein (APP) processing and Abeta production. Dab1 is another adaptor protein that interacts with APP as well as with members of the apoE receptor family. We examined the effect of Dab1 on APP and apoEr2 processing in transfected cells and primary neurons. Dab1 interacted with APP and apoEr2 and increased levels of their secreted extracellular domains and their cytoplasmic C-terminal fragments. These effects depended on the NPXY domains of APP and apoEr2 and on the phosphotyrosine binding domain of Dab1 but did not depend on phosphorylation of Dab1. Dab1 decreased the levels of APP beta-C-terminal fragment and secreted Abeta. Full-length Dab1 or its phosphotyrosine binding domain alone increased surface levels of APP, as determined by surface protein biotinylation and live cell staining. A ligand for apoEr2, the extracellular matrix protein Reelin, significantly increased the interaction of apoEr2 with Dab1. Surprisingly, we also found that Reelin treatment significantly increased the interaction of APP and Dab1. Moreover, Reelin treatment increased cleavage of APP and apoEr2 and decreased production of the beta-C-terminal fragment of APP and Abeta. Together, these data suggest that Dab1 alters trafficking and processing of APP and apoEr2, and this effect is influenced by extracellular ligands.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“There is also evidence showing that reelin induces ApoER2 processing [42], [43] and degradation [43], however the mechanisms by which this is accomplished by reelin is not completely clear.”
From Sorting nexin 17 regulates ApoER2 recycling and reelin signaling (2014) · cites this paper as [42]
In the citing paper
“Several lines of evidence relate ApoER2 trafficking with its susceptibility to proteolytic processing by the α-secretases of the ADAM family and by the γ-secretase complex [39], [42], [55], [57].”
From Sorting nexin 17 regulates ApoER2 recycling and reelin signaling (2014) · cites this paper as [42]
In the citing paper
“Interestingly, some of these proteins also regulate the proteolytic processing of this receptor [42], [54], [55], [66] by binding to its NPxY motif.”
From Sorting nexin 17 regulates ApoER2 recycling and reelin signaling (2014) · cites this paper as [42]
In the citing paper
“Reduced Reelin expression in HRM mice exacerbates the accumulation of both A and phosphorylated tau (94), whose production is inhibited by Reelin signaling (Ref.76 and reviewed in Ref. 31).”
From Reelin: Neurodevelopmental Architect and Homeostatic Regulator of Excitatory Synapses (2017) · cites this paper as [76]
Citations
Cites
A protein related to extracellular matrix proteins deleted in the mouse mutant reeler
D'Arcangelo, G., G. Miao, G., Chen, S.-C., Scares, H. D., Morgan, J. I., & Curran, T. (1995) · Nature · doi:10.1038/374719a0 · Cited by 1,748
Trommsdorff, M., Gotthardt, M., Hiesberger, T., Shelton, J., Stockinger, W., Nimpf, J., Hammer, R. E., Richardson, J. A., & Herz, J. (1999) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)80782-5 · Cited by 1,261
A Transcriptively Active Complex of APP with Fe65 and Histone Acetyltransferase Tip60
Cao, X., & Südhof, T. C. (2001) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1058783 · Cited by 1,202
Reelin Is a Ligand for Lipoprotein Receptors
D'Arcangelo, G., Homayouni, R., Keshvara, L., Rice, D. S., Sheldon, M., & Curran, T. (1999) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(00)80860-0 · Cited by 808
Reelin-induced tryosine phosphorylation of Disabled 1 during neuronal positioning
Howell, B. W., Herrick, T. M., & Cooper, J. A. (1999) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.13.6.643 · Cited by 411
Self-citationHerms, J. W., Anliker, B., Heber, S., Ring, S., Fuhrmann, M., Kretzschmar, H. A., Sisodia, S. S., & Müller, U. (2004) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1038/sj.emboj.7600390 · Cited by 343
Howell, B. W., Lanier, L. M., Frank, R., Gertler, F. B., & Cooper, J. A. (1999) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.19.7.5179 · Cited by 317
Self-citationAndo, K., Iijima, K., Elliott, J. I., Kirino, Y., & Suzuki, T. (2001) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m104059200 · Cited by 261
Ho, A., & Südhof, T. C. (2004) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0308655100 · Cited by 224
Bock, H. H., Jossin, Y., Liu, P., Förster, E., May, P., Goffinet, A. M., & Herz, J. (2003) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m306416200 · Cited by 213
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Parisiadou, 2006, Neurobiol. Aging
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–174 of 174
Song, X., Zhou, H.-Y., Sun, Y.-Y., & Huang, H. (2021) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-210337 · Cited by 20
Ramsden, C. E., Zamora, D., Horowitz, M. S., Jahanipour, J., Calzada, E., Li, X., Keyes, G. S., Murray, H. C., Curtis, M. A., Faull, R. L. M., et al. (2023) · Acta Neuropathologica Communications · doi:10.1186/s40478-023-01693-9 · Cited by 21
Ramsden, C. E., Keyes, G. S., Calzada, E., Horowitz, M. S., Zamora, D., Jahanipour, J., Sedlock, A., Indig, F. E., Moaddel, R., Kapogiannis, D., et al. (2022) · Journal of Alzheimer's Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-220071 · Cited by 19
Dab1 binds to Fe65 and diminishes the effect of Fe65 or LRP1 on APP processing
Kwon, O. Y., Hwang, K., Kim, J.-A., Kim, K., Kwon, I. C., Song, H. K., & Jeon, H. (2010) · Journal of Cellular Biochemistry · doi:10.1002/jcb.22738 · Cited by 21
Kitanishi, T., Sakai, J., Kojima, S., Saitoh, Y., Inokuchi, K., Fukaya, M., Watanabe, M., Matsuki, N., & Yamada, M. K. (2010) · Genes to Cells · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2443.2010.01411.x · Cited by 19
Deng, J., Yu, D., Fan, W., Wu, P., Liu, J., Niu, Y., & Li, M. (2014) · Neural Regeneration Research · doi:10.4103/1673-5374.128243 · Cited by 18
Honda, T., & Nakajima, K. (2015) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhv162 · Cited by 19
Szögi, T., Schuster, I., Borbély, E., Gyebrovszki, A., Bozsó, Z., Gera, J., Rajkó, R., Sántha, M., Penke, B., & Fülöp, L. (2019) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms20123050 · Cited by 18
Identification of Stk25 as a Genetic Modifier of Tau Phosphorylation in Dab1-Mutant Mice
Matsuki, T., Zaka, M., Guerreiro, R. J., van der Brug, M. P., Cooper, J. A., Cookson, M., Hardy, J., & Howell, B. W. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0031152 · Cited by 17
Self-citationThe apolipoprotein receptor LRP3 compromises APP levels
Cuchillo‐Ibáñez, I., Lennol, M. P., Escamilla, S., Mata‐Balaguer, T., Valverde-Vozmediano, L., López‐Font, I., Ferrer, I., & Sáez‐Valero, J. (2021) · Alzheimer s Research & Therapy · doi:10.1186/s13195-021-00921-5 · Cited by 15
Reive, B. S., Johnston, J. N., Sánchez-Lafuente, C. L., Zhang, L., Chang, A., Zhang, J., Allen, J., Romay-Tallón, R., Kalynchuk, L. E., & Caruncho, H. J. (2023) · Chronic Stress · doi:10.1177/24705470231164920 · Cited by 18
Yang, Z. H., Li, P.-F., Chen, R., Wang, J., Wang, S., Shen, Y., Wu, X., Fang, B., Cheng, X., & Xiong, Z. (2017) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhx006 · Cited by 15
Gavı́n, R., Ureña, J. M., Rangel, A., Pastrana, M. A., Requena, J. R., Soriano, E., Aguzzi, A., & del Rı́o, J. A. (2008) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2008.02.001 · Cited by 15
Neuronal Migration and Neurodegeneration: 2 Sides of the Same Coin
Reiner, O., Shmueli, A., & Sapir, T. (2009) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhp039 · Cited by 16
Stx5 is a novel interactor of VLDL-R to affect its intracellular trafficking and processing
Wagner, T., Dieckmann, M., Jaeger, S., Weggen, S., & Pietrzik, C. U. (2013) · Experimental Cell Research · doi:10.1016/j.yexcr.2013.05.010 · Cited by 13
Sexually Dimorphic Expression of Reelin in the Brain of a Mouse Model of Alzheimer Disease
Palladino, G., Nicolia, V., Kovács, G. G., Canterini, S., Ciraci, V., Fuso, A., Mangia, F., Scarpa, S., & Fiorenza, M. T. (2016) · Journal of Molecular Neuroscience · doi:10.1007/s12031-016-0865-x · Cited by 14
Embryonic mosaic deletion of APP results in displaced Reelin-expressing cells in the cerebral cortex
Callahan, D. G., Taylor, W. M., Tilearcio, M., Cavanaugh, T., Selkoe, D. J., & Young‐Pearse, T. L. (2017) · Developmental Biology · doi:10.1016/j.ydbio.2017.03.007 · Cited by 15
Volloch, V., & Rits‐Volloch, S. (2023) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms242417586 · Cited by 13
The Inflammation-Induced Dysregulation of Reelin Homeostasis Hypothesis of Alzheimer’s Disease
Reive, B. S., Lau, V. Z., Sánchez-Lafuente, C. L., Henri‐Bhargava, A., Kalynchuk, L. E., Tremblay, M., & Caruncho, H. J. (2024) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-240088 · Cited by 15
Manduca Contactin Regulates Amyloid Precursor Protein-Dependent Neuronal Migration
Ramaker, J. M., Swanson, T. L., & Copenhaver, P. F. (2016) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0729-16.2016 · Cited by 12
Jausoro, I., & Marzolo, M. (2020) · Journal of Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1002/jnr.24688 · Cited by 11
Fuchigami, T., Sato, Y., Tomita, Y., Takano, T., Miyauchi, S., Tsuchiya, Y., Saito, T., Kubo, K., Nakajima, K., Fukuda, M., et al. (2013) · Genes to Cells · doi:10.1111/gtc.12045 · Cited by 13
Regulatory mechanism of Reelin activity: a platform for exploiting Reelin as a therapeutic agent
Hattori, M. (2025) · Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnmol.2025.1546083 · Cited by 10
Larios, J. A., & Marzolo, M.-P. (2012) · Frontiers in Biology · doi:10.1007/s11515-011-1186-7 · Cited by 9
Sensory gamma entrainment: Impact on amyloid protein and therapeutic mechanism
Hu, J., Zheng, L., Guan, Z., Zhong, K., Huang, F., Huang, Q., Yang, J., Li, W., & Li, S. (2023) · Brain Research Bulletin · doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2023.110750 · Cited by 10
Ethnic differences in the frequency of β-amyloid deposition in cognitively normal individuals
Kim, J., Jung, S., Choe, Y. S., Kim, S., Kim, B., Kim, H., Son, S. J., Hong, C. H., Na, D. L., Kim, H. J., et al. (2022) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2022.03.001 · Cited by 9
Gavı́n, R., Ferrer, I., & del Rı́o, J. A. (2009) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2009.10.010 · Cited by 9
On the Inadequacy of the Current Transgenic Animal Models of Alzheimer’s Disease: The Path Forward
Volloch, V., & Rits‐Volloch, S. (2024) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms25052981 · Cited by 9
The APP Proteolytic System and Its Interactions with Dynamic Networks in Alzheimer’s Disease
Hunter, S., Martin, S., & Brayne, C. (2015) · Methods in molecular biology · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-2627-5_3 · Cited by 8
Contreras, A., Jiménez‐Herrera, R., Djebari, S., Navarro‐López, J. D., & Jiménez‐Díaz, L. (2025) · Biology of Sex Differences · doi:10.1186/s13293-025-00697-5 · Cited by 7
The Reelin Gene and Its Functions in Brain Development
Huang, C.-C., & D’Arcangelo, G. (2008) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-0-387-76761-1_1 · Cited by 8
Herrero-Turrión, M. J., Velasco, A., Arévalo, R., Aijón, J., & Lara, J. M. (2009) · Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B Biochemistry and Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cbpb.2009.11.003 · Cited by 6
Volloch, V., & Rits‐Volloch, S. (2024) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms25116036 · Cited by 6
Regulatory Mechanisms and Physiological Significance of Reelin Function
Kohno, T. (2017) · YAKUGAKU ZASSHI · doi:10.1248/yakushi.17-00127 · Cited by 5
Schob, S., Puchta, J., Winter, K., Michalski, D., Mages, B., Martens, H., Emmer, A., Hoffmann, K., Gaunitz, F., Meinicke, A., et al. (2021) · Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy · doi:10.1016/j.jchemneu.2021.102036 · Cited by 4
The heterotrimeric kinesin-2 family member KIF3A directly binds to disabled-1 (Dab1)
Kim, M. H., Jeong, Y. J., Urm, S.-H., & Seog, D. (2024) · BMB Reports · doi:10.5483/bmbrep.2024-0028 · Cited by 3
Apolipoprotein E Receptor 2 and Very-Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor: An Overview
Bock, H. H., & Herz, J. (2008) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-0-387-76761-1_2 · Cited by 3
Magnesium in Alzheimer’s disease
Chui, D., Chen, Z., Yu, J. H., Zhang, H., Wang, W., Song, Y., Yang, H., & Zhou, L. (2011) · Cited by 3
Integrating Data for Modeling Biological Complexity
Hunter, S., & Brayne, C. (2013) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-30574-0_52 · Cited by 3
Volloch, V., & Rits‐Volloch, S. (2024) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms25189913 · Cited by 3
Volloch, V., & Rits‐Volloch, S. (2025) · Genes · doi:10.3390/genes16010046 · Cited by 3
The Amyloid β Precursor Protein and Cognitive Function in Alzheimer’s Disease
Marr, R. A. (2016) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-802851-3.00004-8 · Cited by 2
Fyn Tyrosine Kinase Increases Apolipoprotein E Receptor 2 Levels and Phosphorylation
Burrell, T. C., Divekar, S. D., Weeber, E. J., & Rebeck, G. W. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0110845 · Cited by 2
Self-citationMorelli, L., Perry, G. L., & Tagliavini, F. (2012) · International Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.1155/2012/709613 · Cited by 2
Peng, S.-S., & Tran, T. S. (2016) · Methods in molecular biology · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-6448-2_15 · Cited by 2
Self-citationThe development and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease: Some genetic aspects
Preobrazhenskaya, I. S., & Snitskaya, N. S. (2014) · Neurology neuropsychiatry Psychosomatics · doi:10.14412/2074-2711-2014-4-51-58 · Cited by 2
Ramsden, C. E., Zamora, D., Horowitz, M. S., Jahanipour, J., Keyes, G. S., Li, X., Murray, H. C., Curtis, M. A., Faull, R. L. M., Sedlock, A. B., et al. (2023) · medRxiv · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-2968020/v1 · Cited by 2
Volloch, V., & Rits‐Volloch, S. (2025) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms26094252 · Cited by 3
The Role of Prion Protein in Reelin/Dab1 Signaling: Implications for Neurodegeneration
Rolle, I. G., Burato, A., Bacınoğlu, M. B., Moda, F., & Legname, G. (2025) · Viruses · doi:10.3390/v17070928 · Cited by 1
Durakoglugil, M. S. (2025) · Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnmol.2025.1731914 · Cited by 1
Saravanan, J., Easwaran, V., Selvaraj, D., Gunasekaran, V., Soumya, V., Thiruselvi, M., Prasanth, M. L., Singh, S., Ellaiyarasu, C., Rai, P. K., et al. (2026) · Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.mcn.2026.104108 · Cited by 1
Proteolytic processing of the Alzheimer APP protein family during neuronal differentiation
Holback, S. (2009) · KTH Publication Database DiVA (KTH Royal Institute of Technology) · Cited by 1
Analysis of Reelin function in the molecular mechanisms underlying Alzheimer’s disease
Rossi, D. P. (2013) · LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) · Cited by 1
Alzheimer’s Disease and Reelin
Botella-López, A., & Sáez‐Valero, J. (2008) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-0-387-76761-1_26 · Cited by 1
Reelin and Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 5
Ohshima, T. (2008) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-0-387-76761-1_9
Amyloid precursor protein with the Alzheimer´s disease 670/671 mutation : Animal and cellular models
Kloskowska, E. (2008) · Figshare
Role of the 39-kDa receptor-associated protein (RAP) in Alzheimer's disease
Hoang, T. (2012) · UTAS Research Repository · doi:10.25959/23206328
Некоторые генетические аспекты развития и лечения болезни Альцгеймера
Preobrazhenskaya, I. S. (2014)
Physiological role of amyloid precursor protein during neural development
Banote, R. K. (2017) · Gothenburg University Publications Electronic Archive (Gothenburg University)
TRAFFICKING OF ALPHA SECRETASE ADAM10: NEW INSIGHTS INTO THE MOLECULAR MECHANISM OF MODULATION
Saraceno, C. (2012) · Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca (Universita Degli Studi Di Milano) · doi:10.13130/saraceno-claudia_phd2012-02-08
Schob, S., Puchta, J., Winter, K., Michalski, D., Mages, B., Martens, H., Emmer, A., Hoffmann, K., Gaunitz, F., Meinicke, A., et al. (2021) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-747032/v1
Studies on the use of glycosaminoglycans for the treatment of Alzheimer's Disease
Cui, H. (2012) · UTAS Research Repository · doi:10.25959/23206211
The Ying and Yang of the Reelin Signalling Pathway in Alzheimer's Disease Pathology
Soriano, E., Rossi, D. P., & Pujadas, L. (2011) · Royal Society of Chemistry eBooks · doi:10.1039/bk9781849731843-00039
Contreras, A., Jiménez‐Herrera, R., Djebari, S., Navarro‐López, J. D., & Jiménez‐Díaz, L. (2024) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2024.05.08.593134
Medoro, A., Foderà, E., Ronci, M., Trerotola, M., Mignogna, D., Raimo, G., Intrieri, M., Martino, A. D., Lepore, A., Porcile, C., et al. (2026) · BioTechniques · doi:10.1080/07366205.2026.2645347
Bouamrane, L. (2015) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/00597159za953z4221z95b8z57a6c1d48c8e
Cohen, R. (2018) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/759ed785ze142z4504za8abzd5cf222c1a59
Reelin in vulnerability and sex-dependent maturational trajectories of the prefrontal cortex
Silva-Hurtado, T. J. (2021) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/ecf0031ez1ac8z4688za735za4cd9acfc52c
Uşak, Ş. T., Zaim, M., Beker, M., Işık, S., & Elibol, B. (2026) · Experimental Brain Research · doi:10.1007/s00221-026-07339-1
Amyloid Precursor Protein as a Functional Hub of Synaptic Plasticity
САБУРОВА, Е. А., Sarantseva, S. V., & Krivoi, I. I. (2026) · Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology · doi:10.1134/s0022093026040174
Metadata
- Authors
- Hoe, H.-S., Tran, T. S., Matsuoka, Y., Howell, B. W., & Rebeck, G. W.
- Affiliations
- Georgetown University Medical Center (US)
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Corresponding author
- Rebeck, G. William
- Venue
- Journal of Biological Chemistry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2006-11
- Volume
- 281
- Issue
- 46
- Pages
- 35176-35185
- ISSN
- 0021-9258 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2058881577
- Cited by
- 174
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 9.13
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Biological Chemistry (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Aging (R01AG014473, K01AG022455)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Keywords
- Dab1, reelin, amyloid precursor protein, APP processing, amyloid-beta, adaptor proteins, NPXY motif, phosphotyrosine binding domain, protein trafficking, extracellular matrix ligands, neurons
- MeSH terms
- Reelin Protein, Animals, Cell Line, Chlorocebus aethiops, Gene Expression Regulation, Humans, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Phosphorylation, Serine Endopeptidases, Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuronal, Extracellular Matrix Proteins, Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor, Receptors, Lipoprotein, Protein Transport, LDL-Receptor Related Proteins, Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review