Cellular and molecular mechanisms of bone remodeling
Open accessAbstract
Physiological bone remodeling is a highly coordinated process responsible for bone resorption and formation and is necessary to repair damaged bone and to maintain mineral homeostasis. In addition to the traditional bone cells (osteoclasts, osteoblasts, and osteocytes) that are necessary for bone remodeling, several immune cells have also been implicated in bone disease. This minireview discusses physiological bone remodeling, outlining the traditional bone biology dogma in light of emerging osteoimmunology data. Specifically discussed in detail are the cellular and molecular mechanisms of bone remodeling, including events that orchestrate the five sequential phases of bone remodeling: activation, resorption, reversal, formation, and termination.
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Excess thyroid hormone shortens the bone remodeling cycle, accelerates bone turnover, and consequently reduces bone mineral density.
“Excess thyroid hormone shortens the bone remodeling cycle, accelerates bone turnover, and consequently reduces BMD (37).”
From Effect of TSH Suppression Therapy on Bone Mineral Density in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (2021) · cites this paper as [37]
The ‘Bone Remodeling: The Process’ section discusses parathyroid hormone (PTH) and bone remodeling, but not excess thyroid hormone. Searches for thyroid hormone, hyperthyroidism, and a shortened remodeling cycle found no passage in our copy addressing the claimed sequence of effects on turnover and BMD. (LLM, conf=0.77)
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- Authors
- Raggatt, L. J., & Partridge, N. C.
- Affiliations
- The University of Queensland (AU)
- New York University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Partridge, Nicola C.
- Venue
- Journal of Biological Chemistry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2010-08
- Volume
- 285
- Issue
- 33
- Pages
- 25103-25108
- ISSN
- 0021-9258 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2919071
- OpenAlex
- W1970144926
- Cited by
- 1,402
- References
- 5
- Citations by year
- 2026: 85 · 2025: 92 · 2024: 106 · 2023: 99 · 2022: 91 · 2021: 122 · 2020: 119 · 2019: 120 · 2018: 108 · 2017: 82 · 2016: 84 · 2015: 73 · 2014: 61 · 2013: 54 · 2012: 56
- FWCI
- 4.46
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Biological Chemistry (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Medical Research Council
- National Health and Medical Research Council (455941, 631484)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK47420, DK-48109, R56DK047420, R01DK048109, R01DK047420)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Bone Metabolism and Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Bone health and osteoporosis research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rheumatology › Bone and Dental Protein Studies
- Keywords
- bone remodeling, bone resorption, bone formation, osteoclasts, osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteoimmunology, mineral homeostasis
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Bone Resorption, Humans, Osteoblasts, Osteoclasts, Osteocytes, Osteogenesis, Bone Remodeling
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