Therapeutic group psychoeducation and relaxation in treating fear of childbirth
Abstract
Background. The increase in the numbers of women fearing childbirth and requesting cesarean sections call for new forms of antenatal treatment. Methods. Finnish nulliparous women experiencing severe fear of childbirth (experimental group, n = 102) attended 5 group sessions with a psychologist, once together with a midwife, during the third trimester. One session was held 3 months after the delivery. Each session consisted of a discussion of fear and feelings towards the impending birth and parenthood in a psychotherapeutic atmosphere and of relaxation exercises focused on an imaginary childbirth. The results were compared with those of 85 women treated for fear of childbirth by 2 appointments with an obstetrician (conventional treatment). Results. Before the sessions, among the women in the experimental group, scored fear of childbirth, on a scale of one to ten, was 6.9±2.0 (SD), which is similar to the score of those receiving conventional treatment (6.0±1.6). After the sessions, 84 women in the experimental group (82.4%) and 57 in the conventional treatment group (67.1%) chose to have a vaginal delivery (p = 0.02). The women in the experimental treatment group rated the helpfulness of the sessions 8.5±1.6 on a scale where 10 was maximum help and 1 no help at all, and mentioned “sharing their feelings” twice as often as “receiving information” as the most helpful factor in relieving fear. Conclusions. Group psychoeducation and relaxation exercises were well received and rated as very helpful. More cesarean section requests were withdrawn than in the comparison group and in previous studies.
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Psychoeducational group sessions compared with standard care for women with severe fear of birth resulted in fewer cesarean births.
“When comparing psychoeducational group sessions with standard care (SC) for women with severe FOB, fewer cesarean births, more positive birth experiences, and less depressive symptoms postpartum were found in the intervention group, however, with small effect sizes for the psychological variables [24-26].”
From Comparing internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy with standard care for women with fear of birth: Randomized controlled trial (2018) · cites this paper as [26]
Psychoeducational group sessions compared with standard care for women with severe fear of birth resulted in less depressive symptoms postpartum.
“When comparing psychoeducational group sessions with standard care (SC) for women with severe FOB, fewer cesarean births, more positive birth experiences, and less depressive symptoms postpartum were found in the intervention group, however, with small effect sizes for the psychological variables [24-26].”
From Comparing internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy with standard care for women with fear of birth: Randomized controlled trial (2018) · cites this paper as [26]
The effects of psychoeducational group sessions on psychological variables were small.
“When comparing psychoeducational group sessions with standard care (SC) for women with severe FOB, fewer cesarean births, more positive birth experiences, and less depressive symptoms postpartum were found in the intervention group, however, with small effect sizes for the psychological variables [24-26].”
From Comparing internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy with standard care for women with fear of birth: Randomized controlled trial (2018) · cites this paper as [26]
Psychoeducational group sessions compared with standard care for women with severe fear of birth resulted in more positive birth experiences.
“When comparing psychoeducational group sessions with standard care (SC) for women with severe FOB, fewer cesarean births, more positive birth experiences, and less depressive symptoms postpartum were found in the intervention group, however, with small effect sizes for the psychological variables [24-26].”
From Comparing internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy with standard care for women with fear of birth: Randomized controlled trial (2018) · cites this paper as [26]
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- Authors
- SAISTO, T., TOIVANEN, R., SALMELA‐ARO, K., & HALMESMÄKI, E.
- Affiliations
- Helsinki University Hospital (FI)
- University of Jyväskylä (FI)
- Corresponding author
- SAISTO, TERHI
- Venue
- Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2006-11
- Volume
- 85
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 1315-1319
- ISSN
- 0001-6349 (ISSN-L)
- 1600-0412
- OpenAlex
- W2162139610
- Cited by
- 131
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 5.52
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Maternal and Perinatal Health Interventions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Pregnancy-related medical research
- Keywords
- fear of childbirth, group psychoeducation, relaxation techniques, fetal therapy, nulliparous women, vaginal delivery, cesarean section, third trimester
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Cesarean Section, Fear, Female, Humans, Pregnancy, Psychotherapy, Group, Relaxation Therapy, Parturition
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