Risk of Repetition of Suicide Attempt, Suicide or all Deaths after an Episode of Attempted Suicide: A Register-Based Survival Analysis
Abstract
Objective This study was undertaken in order to estimate the incidence of repetition of suicide attempt, suicide and all deaths, and to analyse the influence of psychiatric illness and socio-demographic factors on these. Method The study is a Danish register-based survival analysis that retrieved personal data on socio-economic, psychiatric and mortality conditions from various registers. Hazards were estimated using Cox regression with a time-dependence covariate. Suicide-attempters (2.614) and non-attempters (39.210)were analysed being matched by gender, age and place of residence. Results The average follow-up period for suicide-attempters was 3.88 years, during which 271 (10.37%) of them died. By comparison, death occurred four times more often among suicide-attempters than among non-attempters. Suicide was far more common among attempters (61, 2.33%) than among non-attempters (16, 0.04%). A proportion of the attempters (31.33%) repeated their attempt within the follow-up period. The most reliable predictors for suicide and death were repetition, suicide attempt method and treatment for mental illness. The most reliable predictors for repetition were age, gender and mental illness. Discussion Individuals with a history of suicide attempts form a well-defined high-risk group for suicide, and are in need of treatment immediately after the episode. Somatic and psychiatric staff must be informed about the risk factors for subsequent suicidal behaviour after an episode of atte…
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Multiple past attempts are an especially strong predictor of lethal suicidal behavior in both adolescents and adults.
“The presence of multiple past attempts is an especially strong predictor of lethal suicidal behavior in both adolescents (Kotila & Lonnqvist, 1987) and adults (Christiansen & Jensen, 2007; Haw, Bergen, Casey, & Hawton, 2007; Suominen, Isometsa, Haukka, & Lonnqvist, 2004; Zonda, 2006)”
From The interpersonal theory of suicide. (2010) · cites this paper as Christiansen & Jensen, 2007
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- Authors
- Christiansen, E., & Frank Jensen, B.
- Affiliations
- Centre for Suicide Research, Søndergade 17, 5000, Odense C, Denmark
- Corresponding author
- Christiansen, Erik
- ORCID
- Christiansen, Erik
- Venue
- Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2007-03
- Volume
- 41
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 257-265
- ISSN
- 0004-8674 (ISSN-L)
- 1440-1614
- OpenAlex
- W2113952303
- Cited by
- 283
- References
- 17
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 26 · 2015: 23 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 6.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Homicide, Infanticide, and Child Abuse
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Opioid Use Disorder Treatment
- Keywords
- suicide attempts, repeated suicide attempts, suicide, mortality, mental illness, suicide attempt methods, risk factors, suicide prevention, high-risk groups
- MeSH terms
- Suicide Prevention, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Mental Disorders, Cause of Death, Denmark, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Recurrence, Registries, Regression Analysis, Risk Factors, Suicide, Suicide, Attempted, Proportional Hazards Models, Survival Analysis
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