The DOI matches its Crossref record; 6 of the 6 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Minor Studies of Aggression: VI. Correlation of Lynchings with Economic Indices
Abstract
(1940). Minor Studies of Aggression: VI. Correlation of Lynchings with Economic Indices. The Journal of Psychology: Vol. 9, No. 2, pp. 301-310.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Indeed, there is evidence that threats like scarcity and pathogen prevalence are associated with prejudice [32–40].”
From Ecological and cultural factors underlying the global distribution of prejudice (2019) · cites this paper as [39]
Citations
Cites
Dollard, J., Miller, N. E., Doob, L. W., Mowrer, O. H., & Sears, R. R. (1939) · Yale University Press eBooks · doi:10.1037/10022-000 · Cited by 3,920
Frazier, E. F., & Raper, A. F. (1934) · The Journal of Negro Education · doi:10.2307/2292150 · Cited by 120
Social Aspects of the Business Cycle, by Dorothy Swaine Thomas
Schultz, H. (1928) · Political Science Quarterly · doi:10.2307/2143317 · Cited by 89
Rainfall and the Populist Party in Nebraska
Barnhart, J. D. (1925) · American Political Science Review · doi:10.2307/2939131 · Cited by 46
Minor Studies of Aggression: V. Strength of Frustration-Reaction as a Function of Strength of Drive
Sears, R. R., & Sears, P. S. (1940) · The Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1080/00223980.1940.9917695 · Cited by 28
Social Aspects of the Business Cycle.
Brown, F., Thomas, D. S., & Hexter, M. B. (1926) · Economica · doi:10.2307/2547823 · Cited by 24
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Marshall R., 1927, The Nation, 124, 315
- 1932, Lynchings and what they mean
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 301–366 of 366
Bar‐Tal, D., & Teichman, Y. (2005) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511499814.015
Etnikai konfliktusok elemzési stratégiái
Olzak, S. (1993)
Bar‐Tal, D., & Teichman, Y. (2005) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511499814.016
INTER - ETHNIC TENSIONS AND THEIR MEDIATION: A STRATEGY FOR A RESEARCH CAMPAIGN
Gilbert, A. R. (1953) · Kyklos · doi:10.1111/j.1467-6435.1953.tb00300.x
Aggression and Psychodynamic Therapy From Theory to Practice
Worchel, S., & Worchel, J. (1985) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-4820-7_6
Economic Shocks and Civil Conflict: Evidence from the Constraints of the Open-Economy Trilemma
Hull, P. (2010) · doi:10.14418/wes01.1.533
“For example, Hovland and Sears (1940), and later Hepworth and West (1988) largely attribute the correlations between economic depression and the incidence of lynchings in the American south as a form of irrational scapegoating.”
BackgroundPersonality Variables Associated with Reactions to Frustration
Schalock, R. L., & Macdonald, P. (1966) · Journal of Projective Techniques and Personality Assessment · doi:10.1080/0091651x.1966.10120281
An examination of a sense of entitlement in violent men: Violence towards others and the self
Fisher, S. (2010) · Murdoch University Research Portal
Aggression, Gewalt und Gewaltfreiheit
Kempf, W. F. (1995)
Herausforderung für die Grundschule
Klement, I. (2003)
Condições associadas à cessação do uso de crack entre usuários em atendimento
Horta, R. L., Teixeira, V. A., da Fontoura, L. P., Poletto, S., de Oliveira, G. O., Pinto, R. O., Balbinot, A. D., & Vieira, L. S. (2015) · Temas em Psicologia · doi:10.9788/tp2015.4-07
Bar‐Tal, D., & Teichman, Y. (2005) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511499814.012
Psychological Intergroup Repertoire in Intractable Conflicts
Bar‐Tal, D., & Teichman, Y. (2005) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511499814.005
EL ESTUDIO DEL PREJUICIO DESDE UNA PERSPECTIVA PSICOLÓGICA.
Ungaretti, J., Jaume, L. C., Etchezahar, E. D., & Simkin, H. (2012) · Acta Académica (Acta Académica)
The Psychological Basis of Intergroup Relations
Bar‐Tal, D., & Teichman, Y. (2005) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511499814.004
Authoritarianism and Conservatism: How They Differ and When It Matters
Stenner, K. (2005) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511614712.006
The Development of Shared Psychological Intergroup Repertoire in a Conflict: Theory and Methods
Bar‐Tal, D., & Teichman, Y. (2005) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511499814.011
Introduction: The Authoritarian Dynamic
Stenner, K. (2005) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511614712.001
Manipulating Threat and Reassurance: Data and Methods
Stenner, K. (2005) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511614712.003
One True People: Putting a Face on the Theory
Stenner, K. (2005) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511614712.007
Manning the Barricades: Racism and Intolerance under Conditions of Normative Threat
Stenner, K. (2005) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511614712.009
Yacorzynski, G. K. (2006) · doi:10.1037/11278-007
Authoritarianism and Conservatism across Cultures
Stenner, K. (2005) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511614712.005
Are Cultural Tensions “Cultural”?
Alexseev, M. A. (2010) · Palgrave Macmillan US eBooks · doi:10.1057/9780230117334_5
One Right Way: Fleshing Out the Portrait
Stenner, K. (2005) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511614712.008
Representation of Arabs in Cultural Products
Bar‐Tal, D., & Teichman, Y. (2005) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511499814.009
Kindred Spirits, Common Spark: The Theory of the Authoritarian Dynamic
Stenner, K. (2005) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511614712.002
"Making the Unknown Known: Demographic Characteristics of Southern Lynch Victims," 1
Bailey, A. K., & Tolnay, S. E. (2009)
"Getting There": Diversity Trainings as Tools for Change in a Post-Racial Era
Watsula, D. A. (2011)
황지연, & 연규진 (2018) · Korean Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.17315/kjhp.2018.23.1.008
The Evolutionary History of Aggression and Ethnic Conflict: Why Polarization Fuels Hate and Violence
Hoffman, A. J., Alamilla, S. G., & Liang, B. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-75699-8_3
Valeri, R. M., & Borgeson, K. (2016) · IGI Global eBooks · doi:10.4018/978-1-5225-0988-2.ch047
Park, J. (2018) · Korean Political Science Review · doi:10.18854/kpsr.2018.52.5.009
Seeking Objectivity in Survey Data: An Analysis of Survey Data
Giesting, J. (2018) · Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University)
Inner Terror and Outward Hate: The Effects of Mortality Salience on Bias Motivated Attacks
Lieberman, J. D. (2009) · Nebraska Symposium on Motivation/The Nebraska symposium on motivation · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-0696-0_5
“For example, several empirical investigations have identified strong relationships between the number of lynchings of Blacks in southern states and economic growth or cotton prices, with lynchings increasing in time periods where an economic downturn had occurred (e.g., Beck and Tolnay 1990; Hepworth and West 1988; Ho…”
BackgroundRelativ deprivation och brottslighet i folkhemmets Sverige 2002-2012
Törngren, F. (2014) · DiVA at Umeå University (Umeå University)
Erner, G. (2012) · Quadrige · doi:10.3917/puf.erner.2012.01.0247
Wiederer, R. (2007) · Soziale Probleme · doi:10.1007/978-3-86226-834-4_13
Stenner, K. (2005) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511614712.012
Bar‐Tal, D., & Teichman, Y. (2005) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511499814.001
Stenner, K. (2005) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511614712.011
Hollin, C. R. (2015) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118598450.refs
Bar‐Tal, D., & Teichman, Y. (2005) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511499814.003
Vitale, J. E. (2010) · The Corsini Encyclopedia of Psychology · doi:10.1002/9780470479216.corpsy0027
(1980) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-287050-7.50018-7
Brown, P. R., & Pehrson, D. S. (2019) · doi:10.1002/9781118719244.ch8
Sechrist, G. B. (2010) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9780470479216.corpsy0277
Cameron, S. (2009) · Edward Elgar Publishing eBooks · doi:10.4337/9781848445970.00016
Reichelmann, A. V. (2017) · doi:10.17760/d20246990
Waldrep, C. (2002) · Palgrave Macmillan US eBooks · doi:10.1057/9781403982711_1
(1977) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-021079-7.50013-1
Lombardi, P., & Mriziq, A. (2022) · Applied Economics · doi:10.1080/00036846.2022.2099522
“Hovland and Sears (1940) argue the connection between lynchings and the economy results from goal frustration.”
BackgroundA history of intergroup relations research [2012 chapter]Preprint
Dovidio, J. F., & Reiman, A. (2023) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/a5yh2
Introdução à Psicologia Social
de Moraes, T. P. B. (2025) · doi:10.29327/5613751
Structural Attributes Associated with the Prevalence of Hate Groups: A State-Level Analysis
Kutneski, P. J. (2020) · Digital Scholarship - UNLV (University of Nevada Reno) · doi:10.34917/2649891
Shimokubo, T. (2026) · International Journal of Intercultural Relations · doi:10.1016/j.ijintrel.2025.102359
Er-Rafiy, A. (2010) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/aff01e28zda89z41d9za089z353a14a2dee9
Violence and long run economic growth in the United States using improved data measurement
Baggio, M., Chong, A. E., & Coşgel, M. M. (2026) · Defence and Peace Economics · doi:10.1080/10242694.2026.2654560
Two ecological approaches in social psychology
Cha, Y., Ingram, M., & Oishi, S. (2026) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x25103403
The Authoritarian Dynamic: Implications
Stenner, K. (2005) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511614712.010
Studies with Schoolchildren, Adolescents, and Young Adults
Bar‐Tal, D., & Teichman, Y. (2005) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511499814.013
Metadata
- Authors
- Hovland, C. I., & Sears, R. R.
- Affiliations
- Yale University (US)
- Venue
- The Journal of Psychology
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 1940-04
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 301-310
- ISSN
- 0022-3980 (ISSN-L)
- 1940-1019
- OpenAlex
- W1968957456
- Cited by
- 366
- References
- 6
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 155.83
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Journal of Psychology (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Race, History, and American Society
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social and Intergroup Psychology
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Crime Patterns and Interventions
- Keywords
- lynching, aggression, economic indicators, racial violence
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review