Cited by 241Impact of AI and Big Data on Business and SocietyArtificial Intelligence ApplicationsTechnology Adoption and User Behaviour

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The new normal: The status quo of AI adoption in SMEs

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Schwaeke, Julia, Peters, Anna, Kanbach, Dominik K., Kraus, Sascha, Jones, Paul·2025·Journal of Small Business Management

DOI 10.1080/00472778.2024.2379999

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Abstract

The recent surge in the adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) by small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) has garnered significant research attention. However, the existing literature reveals a fragmented landscape that hinders our understanding of how SMEs use AI. We address this through a systematic literature review wherein we analyze 106 peer-reviewed articles on AI adoption in SMEs and categorize states and trends into eight clusters: (1) compatibility, (2) infrastructure, (3) knowledge, (4) resources, (5) culture, (6) competition, (7) regulation, and (8) ecosystem: according to the technology–organization–environment model. Our research provides valuable insights and identifies significant gaps in existing literature, notably overlooking trends identification as a pivotal driver and neglecting legal requirements. Our study clarifies AI implementation within SMEs, offering a holistic and theoretically grounded perspective to empower researchers and practitioners to facilitate more effective adoption and application of AI within the SME sector.

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See all 241

Authors: Schwaeke, J., Peters, A., Kanbach, D. K., Kraus, S., & Jones, P.
Affiliations: HHL Leipzig Graduate School of Management (DE)
Free University of Bozen-Bolzano (IT)
Swansea University (GB)
Corresponding author: Jones, Paul
ORCID: Schwaeke, Julia
Peters, Anna
Kanbach, Dominik K.
Kraus, Sascha
Jones, Paul
Venue: Journal of Small Business Management
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Published: 2024-08-13
Volume: 63
Issue: 3
Pages: 1297-1331
ISSN: 0047-2778 (ISSN-L)
1540-627X
DOI: 10.1080/00472778.2024.2379999
OpenAlex: W4401536151
Cited by: 241
References: 144
Citations by year: 2026: 144 · 2025: 93 · 2024: 4
FWCI: 73.31
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: hybrid
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor)
Locations: Journal of Small Business Management (publishedVersion, cc-by)
RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (acceptedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Impact of AI and Big Data on Business and Society
Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Artificial Intelligence Applications
Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Information Systems and Management › Technology Adoption and User Behaviour
Keywords: artificial intelligence adoption, small and medium-sized enterprises, technology-organization-environment framework, AI implementation, compatibility, infrastructure, knowledge, resources, organizational culture, competition, regulation, AI ecosystem, legal requirements

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The new normal: The status quo of AI adoption in SMEs

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