Cited by 1,707Sports Performance and TrainingSport Psychology and PerformancePhysical Education and Training Studies

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Agility literature review: Classifications, training and testing

Sheppard, J. M., Young, W. B.·2006·Journal of Sports Sciences

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Abstract

At present, no agreement on a precise definition of agility within the sports science community exists. The term is applied to a broad range of sport contexts, but with such great inconsistency, it further complicates our understanding of what trainable components may enhance agility. A new definition of agility is proposed: "a rapid whole-body movement with change of velocity or direction in response to a stimulus". Agility has relationships with trainable physical qualities such as strength, power and technique, as well as cognitive components such as visual-scanning techniques, visual-scanning speed and anticipation. Agility testing is generally confined to tests of physical components such as change of direction speed, or cognitive components such as anticipation and pattern recognition. New tests of agility that combine physical and cognitive measures are encouraged.

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Determinants of the half-turn with the ball in sub-elite youth soccer players
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Reliability of the Coimbra Reactive Agility Soccer Test (CRAST)
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“However, more recent tests are starting to have a better conceptual apparatus, which includes the agility component: the reactive agility test [10], the butterfly agility test [25], and the football specific reactive agility test [26].”
Background
Evaluation of agility and acceleration levels in male and female futsal players
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“Noting that agility is defined as the ability to make a change of direction or speed in response to a stimulus (Sheppard & Young, 2006) and that it depends not only on physical and technical factors, but also on cognitive factors (Hojka et al., 2016), it is no surprise that this represents a…”
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“Experts [23, 24, 25] point out that the temporal boundaries of periods of accelerated development of motor abilities in boys are much wider than in girls and cover almost the entire period of schooling.”
Background
Morphological and skill-related fitness components as potential predictors of injuries in elite female field hockey players
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“Well-maintained in this study as one of the most common ability to enhance players muscle explosiveness in complex tasks processes of coordination and control of change in environment player execution with and without [14] technical or tactical problems.”
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“This process entails deceleration, planting, and acceleration within a brief timeframe [2], resembling the stretch–shortening cycle (SSC).”
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“Agility, de ﬁ ned as “ a rapid whole-body movement with a change of velocity or direction in response to a stimulus ” (5), is a critical skill in soccer, and it can signi ﬁ cantly in ﬂ uence the future performance and career progression of youth soccer players (6).”
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“Agility represents the ability to quickly and accurately change the direction of whole-body movement when stimulated 77 .”
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“55 However, squats in both RP protocols primarily stimulated concentric rather than eccentric force production in lower limbs, limiting COD-specific adaptations.”
Influential
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“This experimental procedure generates 190 ( ε TD , P θ ( ε TD )) pairs per parameter combination, totaling 950 experimental data points across ﬁve values of ε inj .”
High-Load Strength Training Reduces Injury Incidence and Injury Burden and Improves Physical Fitness in Young Highly Trained Soccer Players
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“Agility has been regularly defined as a rapid whole-body movement with a change in velocity or direction in response to a stimulus [33], and in 2015, proposed a three-factor model of agility where cognitive (decision-making speed and accuracy), physical (leg muscle and speed qualities), and…”
Influence of selected cognitive performances on musculoskeletal injury occurrence in adult male professional Slovenian PrvaLiga football players in a prospective cohort study
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“…to visual cues, as well as dual-task scenarios (e.g., jumping or cutting combined with simultaneous cognitive demands like counting backward or performing a Stroop interference test) 44 —inherently integrate perceptual, cognitive, and physical demands (e.g. change of direction and velocity 45 .”
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Effect of Rater Expertise on Subjective Agility Assessment
Eke, C., & Stirling, L. (2017) · Advances in intelligent systems and computing · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-60822-8_1 · Cited by 4
The Relationship between Balance and Agility in Collegiate Athletes
Sibenaller, B., Martino, M., Massey, K. L., & Butler, S. M. (2017) · Journal of Sport and Human Performance · doi:10.12922/jshp.v5i2.102 · Cited by 4
THE EFFECT OF EIGHT-WEEK PLYOMETRIC TRAINING ON AGILTY IN MALE VOLLEYBALL PLAYERS
Öz, E., Çelenk, B., HAYIRLI, Ö., & ÖZ, E. (2019) · The Online Journal of Recreation and Sport · doi:10.22282/ojrs.2019.44 · Cited by 4
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Have We Forgotten Our Patient? An Exploration of Patient Experiences After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
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“It is advised that physiotherapists should communicate realistic patient outcomes after ACLR to improve patient satisfaction, motivation, and to prevent unful ﬁ lled expectations.”
Background
Effects of physical training on change of direction performance: A systematic review with meta-analysis
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“speed capabilities.(1,6) Enhancing athletes’COD performance is a frequently noted targeted priority in many physical preparation programs for team sports athletes.”
BackgroundMethod
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Light load jump squat and plyometric training enhance jumping, sprinting, change of direction, and balance performance of male soccer players (U-19): a randomized controlled trial
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Authors: Sheppard, J. M., & Young, W. B.
Affiliations: Federation University (AU)
Corresponding author: Sheppard, J. M.
ORCID: Sheppard, J. M.
Young, W. B.
Venue: Journal of Sports Sciences
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Published: 2006-09
Volume: 24
Issue: 9
Pages: 919-932
ISSN: 0264-0414 (ISSN-L)
1466-447X
DOI: 10.1080/02640410500457109
OpenAlex: W2001840036
Cited by: 1,707
References: 60
Citations by year: 2026: 167 · 2025: 140 · 2024: 143 · 2023: 137 · 2022: 148 · 2021: 138 · 2020: 139 · 2019: 105 · 2018: 93 · 2017: 87 · 2016: 87 · 2015: 72 · 2014: 69 · 2013: 57 · 2012: 38
FWCI: 12.90
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Journal of Sports Sciences (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
FedUni ResearchOnline (Federation University Australia) (submittedVersion, public-domain)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Sport Psychology and Performance
Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Physical Education and Training Studies
Keywords: agility, agility training, agility test, change of direction speed, visual exploration, anticipation, pattern recognition, physical properties, cognitive factors, strength and power
MeSH terms: Acceleration, Anthropometry, Cognition, Humans, Leg, Movement, Running, Sports, Muscle Strength

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Agility literature review: Classifications, training and testing

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