The validity and reliability of an iPhone app for measuring vertical jump performance
Abstract
The purpose of this investigation was to analyse the concurrent validity and reliability of an iPhone app (called: My Jump) for measuring vertical jump performance. Twenty recreationally active healthy men (age: 22.1 ± 3.6 years) completed five maximal countermovement jumps, which were evaluated using a force platform (time in the air method) and a specially designed iPhone app. My jump was developed to calculate the jump height from flight time using the high-speed video recording facility on the iPhone 5 s. Jump heights of the 100 jumps measured, for both devices, were compared using the intraclass correlation coefficient, Pearson product moment correlation coefficient (r), Cronbach's alpha (α), coefficient of variation and Bland-Altman plots. There was almost perfect agreement between the force platform and My Jump for the countermovement jump height (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.997, P < 0.001; Bland-Altman bias = 1.1 ± 0.5 cm, P < 0.001). In comparison with the force platform, My Jump showed good validity for the CMJ height (r = 0.995, P < 0.001). The results of the present study showed that CMJ height can be easily, accurately and reliably evaluated using a specially developed iPhone 5 s app.
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The validity and reliability of the My Jump II application has previously been proven.
“The validity and reliability of the application has previously been proven [24].”
From Acute effects of brief mindfulness intervention coupled with carbohydrate ingestion to re-energize soccer players: a randomized crossover trial. (2020) · cites this paper as [24]
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Sorted by citations
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BackgroundInfluentialPhysical Performance Comparison Between Under 15 Elite and Sub-Elite Soccer Players
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“To assess neuromuscular fatigue, as in previous work (McLean et al., 2010), a test was carried out (vertical bipedal jump with countermovement and with hands on hips) using the previously validated app My Jump v.1 (Balsalobre-Fernández et al., 2015).”
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“The CMJ height was measured by using an iPhone app “My Jump” [30].”
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Influence of Attentional Manipulation on Jumping Performance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Makaruk, H., Starzak, M., & Porter, J. M. (2020) · Journal of Human Kinetics · doi:10.2478/hukin-2020-0037 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
“Both the SLJ and VJ are also popular in sports training because they are easy to adopt and produce highly valid and reliable measures (Balsalobre-Fernández et al., 2015; Porter et al., 2013).”
BackgroundBettariga, F., Bishop, C. J., Martorelli, L., Turner, A. N., Lazzarini, S. G., Algeri, C., & Maestroni, L. (2023) · Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise · doi:10.1007/s42978-023-00228-x · Cited by 45 · see citing works
“…to this equipment, smartphone apps such as My Jump 2 are able to accurately determine how high an athlete can jump, enabling an alternative method of assessing jump performance to virtually the same degree of accuracy as a force platform ( ICC = 0.997, 95% CI 0.996–0.998, P 0.001) [2 , 22].”
InfluentialEhrström, S., Gruet, M., Giandolini, M., Chapuis, S., Morin, J.-B., & Vercruyssen, F. (2018) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2018.01627 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Gruet, M., SAYNOR, Z. L., Urquhart, D. S., & Radtke, T. (2021) · Journal of Cystic Fibrosis · doi:10.1016/j.jcf.2021.08.004 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Balsalobre‐Fernández, C., Romero‐Franco, N., & Jiménez‐Reyes, P. (2018) · Journal of Sports Sciences · doi:10.1080/02640414.2018.1494908 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Potentiation Effects of the French Contrast Method on Vertical Jumping Ability
Hernández-Preciado, J. A., Baz-Valle, E., Balsalobre‐Fernández, C., Marchante, D., & Santos‐Concejero, J. (2018) · The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research · doi:10.1519/jsc.0000000000002437 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Validity and reliability of the WIMU inertial device for the assessment of the vertical jump
Pino‐Ortega, J., García-Rubio, J., & Ibáñez, S. J. (2018) · PeerJ · doi:10.7717/peerj.4709 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
González‐García, J., Morencos, E., Balsalobre‐Fernández, C., Cuéllar-Rayo, Á., & Romero‐Moraleda, B. (2019) · Sports · doi:10.3390/sports7040080 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
“22625, with h being the jump height in meters and t being the flight time of the jump in seconds [25].”
BackgroundRogers, S. A., Hassmén, P., Hunter, A. B., Alcock, A., Crewe, S. T., Strauts, J. A., Gilleard, W., & Weissensteiner, J. R. (2018) · Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science · doi:10.1080/1091367x.2018.1517088 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
“The present inter-operator findings support previous work (Balsalobre-Fernández et al., 2015; Driller et al., 2017) with very to extremely high levels of agreement between two operators for CMJ height (ICC = 0.985).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialBishop, C. J., Rubio, M. P.-H., Gullon, I. L., Maloney, S. J., & Balsalobre‐Fernández, C. (2022) · PubMed · doi:10.1519/jsc.0000000000003567 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
“Coefficient of variation values were slightly greater than previously reported reliability data using these apps (1,2,21), especially for the jump testing.”
MethodResultSharp, A. P., Cronin, J. B., & Neville, J. (2019) · Strength and conditioning journal · doi:10.1519/ssc.0000000000000472 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
“In this case, the practical measure being jump height, flight time, contact time, mean power, and RSI from the My Jump application on the iPhone, and those from criterion measures which in this case are measured using a force platform (4,8,10,12,16) or contact mat (28).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialIndividualized Training Based on Force–Velocity Profiling During Jumping in Ballet Dancers
Álvarez, J. A. E., García, J. P. F., da Conceição, F. A., & Jiménez‐Reyes, P. (2019) · International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance · doi:10.1123/ijspp.2019-0492 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Silva, R., Rico-González, M., Lima, R., Akyıldız, Z., Pino‐Ortega, J., & Clemente, F. M. (2021) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s21082623 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
“Therefore, a growing number of original studies have tested the validity and reliability of these sports sciences apps [40,41], aiming to determine their capacity to be used for performance and fitness assessments.”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialAlonso-Fernández, D., Lima-Correa, F., Gutiérrez-Sánchez, Á., & de Vicuña, O. A. G. (2017) · Journal of Human Sport and Exercise · doi:10.14198/jhse.2017.124.05 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Barahona, J. D. (2020) · Retos · doi:10.47197/retos.v37i37.68851 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Ohji, S., Aizawa, J., Hirohata, K., Ohmi, T., Mitomo, S., Koga, H., & Yagishita, K. (2021) · The Knee · doi:10.1016/j.knee.2021.01.030 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
García‐Pinillos, F., Bujalance-Moreno, P., Lago‐Fuentes, C., Ruiz‐Alias, S. A., Azpíroz, I. D., Mecías‐Calvo, M., & Ramírez‐Campillo, R. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18094830 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
“, 240 fps) and it has been shown as valid and reliable to determine jump height during CMJ, SJ and DJ tests [5], as well as to determine related parameters such as temporal variables and RSI [26].”
BackgroundMethodMental Fatigue Reduces Training Volume in Resistance Exercise: A Cross-Over and Randomized Study
de Queirós, V. S., Dantas, M., Fortes, L. D. S., da Silva, L. F., da Silva, G. M., Dantas, P. M. S., & Cabral, B. G. D. A. T. (2020) · Perceptual and Motor Skills · doi:10.1177/0031512520958935 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
González, J. R., Scanlan, A. T., Soto‐Célix, M., Fernandez, A. R., & Castillo, D. (2021) · International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance · doi:10.1123/ijspp.2020-0144 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Murphy, M., Rio, E., Debenham, J. R., Docking, S., Travers, M. J., & Gibson, W. (2018) · International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy · doi:10.26603/ijspt20180537 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Benítez‐Flores, S., Medeiros, A. R., Voltarelli, F. A., Iglesias‐Soler, E., Doma, K., Simões, H. G., Rosa, T. D. S., & Boullosa, D. A. (2019) · European Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1007/s00421-019-04125-6 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Effect of Landing Posture on Jump Height Calculated from Flight Time
Yamashita, D., Murata, M., & Inaba, Y. (2020) · Applied Sciences · doi:10.3390/app10030776 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
“Recently, many commercial devices are have been developed to measure jump height from flight time, such as an iPhone app [33] and inertial measurement unit [24].”
BackgroundFernández‐Galván, L. M., Boullosa, D. A., Jiménez‐Reyes, P., Cuadrado‐Peñafiel, V., & Casado, A. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18094646 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
“Jump height was recorded using the MyJump2 app [34] installed on an iPhone 7 (Apple Inc.”
MethodPleša, J., Kozinc, Ž., & Šarabon, N. (2022) · Applied Mechanics · doi:10.3390/applmech3010011 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
“, MyJump 2) are valid and reliable tools for assessing jump height [101] and thus for evaluating BLD and FV profile in jumping, and even for measuring the RSI [102].”
MethodCuevas-Aburto, J., Jukić, I., Ríos, L. J. C., González-Hernández, J. M., Janicijevic, D. N., Barboza-González, P., Guede-Rojas, F., & García‐Ramos, A. (2020) · The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research · doi:10.1519/jsc.0000000000003658 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
“2) that recorded thevideo imageat 240 fps through an iPhone 8 plus (1).”
BackgroundConcurrent Validity and Reliability of Three Ultra-Portable Vertical Jump Assessment Technologies
Watkins, C. M., Maunder, E., van den Tillaar, R., & Oranchuk, D. J. (2020) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s20247240 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
“While camera-based applications rely on manual frame selection to determine take-off and landing [10], body-mounted accelerometers use automatic algorithms.”
MethodInfluentialThe Battle of the Equations: A Systematic Review of Jump Height Calculations Using Force Platforms
Eythorsdottir, I., Gløersen, Ø. N., Rice, H. M., Werkhausen, A., Ettema, G. J. C., Mentzoni, F., Solberg, P. A., Lindberg, K., & Paulsen, G. (2024) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-024-02098-x · Cited by 29 · see citing works
“The height we can jump from the ground indicates our ability to oppose gravity [11, 89], which explains why the maximal vertical jump is one of the most popular tests for assessing general motor ability and movement performance [1, 5, 12, 15, 19, 21, 44, 45, 71, 76, 87, 89, 93].”
Validity of a Smartphone-Based Application for Determining Sprinting Performance
Stanton, R., Hayman, M., Humphris, N., Borgelt, H., Fox, J. L., Vecchio, L. D., & Humphries, B. J. (2016) · Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1155/2016/7476820 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
“functional performance during countermovement jump [2, 3], drop jump [3], balance [4, 5], and maximal strength”
BackgroundPhysical Characteristics of Youth Elite Golfers and Their Relationship With Driver Clubhead Speed
Coughlan, D., Taylor, M. J. D., Jackson, J., Ward, N., & Beardsley, C. (2017) · The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research · doi:10.1519/jsc.0000000000002300 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
“Countermovement vertical jump height was measured in accordance with BalsalobreFernandez (1) using the MyJump phone app.”
MethodWearable Inertial Sensor for Jump Performance Analysis
Milosevic, B., & Farella, E. (2015) · Workshop on Wearable Systems and Applications (WearSys) · doi:10.1145/2753509.2753512 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Bettariga, F., Maestroni, L., Martorelli, L., Jarvis, P. T., Turner, A. N., & Bishop, C. J. (2022) · Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise · doi:10.1007/s42978-022-00188-8 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
“Subjects were required to maintain the position described after the landing for 3 s. Jump height in centimetres was recorded using the “My Jump 2” smartphone app, which reports strong agreement ( ICC = 0.997) and correlation ( r = 0.995; P < 0.05) with force platform [5].”
MethodInfluentialRomero‐Arenas, S., Calderón‐Nadal, G., Alix‐Fages, C., Jerez‐Martínez, A., Colomer‐Poveda, D., & Márquez, G. (2019) · The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research · doi:10.1519/jsc.0000000000003242 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
“The height of the jump was quantified using a mobile phone (iPhone 6s; Apple, Cupertino, CA) at a sampling frequency of 240 Hz, using the My Jump app (3).”
Chen, Z., Bian, C., Liao, K., Bishop, C. J., & Li, Y. (2021) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2021.743800 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Relationships between Different Field Test Performance Measures in Elite Goalball Players
Goulart-Siqueira, G., Benítez‐Flores, S., Ferreira, A. R. P., Zagatto, A. M., Foster, C., & Boullosa, D. A. (2018) · Sports · doi:10.3390/sports7010006 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
“The app records the flight time and then calculates the jump height by applying a standard kinematic formula [17].”
Bagchi, A., Raizada, S., Thapa, R. K., Ștefănică, V., & Ceylan, H. İ. (2024) · Life · doi:10.3390/life14111394 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
“Additionally, studies have also reported greater limits of agreement for CMJ height between the contact mat vs. force platform [35,36] and My Jump vs. force platform [37].”
Miraftabi, H., Avazpoor, Z., Berjisian, E., Sarshin, A., Rezaei, S., Domínguez, R., Reale, R., Franchini, É., Samanipour, M. H., Koozehchian, M., et al. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph181910202 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
“Subjects had to perform a maximal CMJ via a validated cellphone app, the My jump 2 app [41].”
MethodCan IMU Provide an Accurate Vertical Jump Height Estimate?
Marković, S., Dopsaj, M., Tomažič, S., Kos, A., Nedeljković, A., & Umek, A. (2021) · Applied Sciences · doi:10.3390/app112412025 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Samozino, P., Rivière, J. R., Jiménez‐Reyes, P., Cross, M. R., & Morin, J.-B. (2022) · International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance · doi:10.1123/ijspp.2021-0535 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Effects of Strength Training Program and Infrared Thermography in Soccer Athletes Injuries
Menezes, P., Rhea, M. R., Herdy, C. V., & Junior, R. F. S. (2018) · Sports · doi:10.3390/sports6040148 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
“The calculation of VJ height was developed using the iPhone App, named “My Jump”, which includes a 120 Hz high-speed camera, at 720 pixels; [16].”
BackgroundMethodBarrera‐Domínguez, F. J., Almagro, B. J., Quiñones, I. T., Padilla, J. S., Sierra-Robles, Á., & Molina‐López, J. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17186598 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
“Ankle dorsiflexion was evaluated through the Dorsiflex iPhone App (Apple Inc., Cupertino, CA, USA) [22].”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialEvidence of validity and reliability of Jumpo 2 and MyJump 2 for estimating vertical jump variables
Vieira, A., Ribeiro, G. L., Macedo, V., Rocha, V. D. A., Baptista, R. D. S., Gonçalves, C., da Cunha, R. R., & Tufano, J. J. (2023) · PeerJ · doi:10.7717/peerj.14558 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Bender, P. U., da Luz, C. M., Feldkircher, J. M., & Nunes, G. S. (2019) · Journal of physiotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.jphys.2019.02.006 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
“Vertical jump performance Jump height was evaluated using a mobile phone app.(22) The participants were instructed to perform a countermovement jump as high as possible, with arm swings permitted, and were recorded using a mobile phone.”
MethodAleksić, J., Kanevsky, D., Mesaroš, D., Knežević, O. M., Čabarkapa, D., Božović, B., & Mirkov, D. M. (2024) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s24206624 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
“Advancements in computer vision and machine learning have made it possible to estimate human poses from smartphone video recordings without the need for placing reflective markers on the subject [10,11].”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialDo the peak and mean force methods of assessing vertical jump force asymmetry agree?
Lake, J. P., Mundy, P. D., Comfort, P., & Suchomel, T. J. (2018) · Sports Biomechanics · doi:10.1080/14763141.2018.1465116 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Porrati-Paladino, G., & Cuesta‐Barriuso, R. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18010294 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
“With this mobile app, jumps were evaluated [20].”
MethodThe Reliability of a Real Time Wearable Sensing Device to Measure Vertical Jump
Mahmoud, I., Othman, A. A. A., Abdelrasoul, E., Stergiou, P., & Katz, L. (2015) · Procedia Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2015.07.226 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Romero‐Franco, N., Romero-Franco, J., & Jiménez‐Reyes, P. (2019) · Journal of Athletic Training · doi:10.4085/1062-6050-474-18 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
“We used the iPhone application My Jump (Carlos Balsalobre, Madrid, Spain), whose validity and reliability have been reported earlier.(27) The variable for this test was CMJ height measured in centimeters.”
MethodJanicijevic, D. N., Knežević, O. M., Mirkov, D. M., Pérez‐Castilla, A., Petrovic, M. R., Samozino, P., & García‐Ramos, A. (2020) · Sports Biomechanics · doi:10.1080/14763141.2020.1727559 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
“Procedure of recording SJ during testing is described elsewhere (Balsalobre-Fernandez et al., 2015).”
MethodPérez‐Castilla, A., Boullosa, D. A., & García‐Ramos, A. (2020) · The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research · doi:10.1519/jsc.0000000000003739 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
“A basic analysis to explore the feasibility of this type of technology consists of reporting the interrater agreement to determine whether the outcomes are affected by the individual manipulating the app (2,4,28).”
BackgroundBalsalobre‐Fernández, C., & Varela-Olalla, D. (2024) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s24247897 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Assessing Interlimb Jump Asymmetry in Young Soccer Players: The My Jump 2 App
Barbalho, M., Kleiner, A. F. R., Callegari, B., de Lima, R. C., Souza, G. D. S., Silva, A. D. A. C. E., & Coswig, V. S. (2020) · International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance · doi:10.1123/ijspp.2019-0981 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Validity and Test-retest Reliability of the Jumpo App for Jump Performance Measurement
Vieira, A., Blazevich, A. J., Costa, A. S. D., Tufano, J. J., & Bottaro, M. (2021) · International journal of exercise science · doi:10.70252/ltav3104 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
“external criteria), although a small systematic error was observed that was similar in magnitude to that reported in studies using other apps (3).”
InfluentialPérez‐Castilla, A., Rojas, F. J., & García‐Ramos, A. (2019) · Sports Biomechanics · doi:10.1080/14763141.2019.1682649 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
The Effects of Overt Head Movements on Physical Performance After Positive Versus Negative Self-Talk
Horcajo, J., Paredes, B., Higuero, G., Briñol, P., & Petty, R. E. (2019) · Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1123/jsep.2018-0208 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
- Authors
- Balsalobre-Fernández, C., Glaister, M., & Lockey, R. A.
- Affiliations
- Department of Physical Education, Sport and Human Movement, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- St Mary's University Twickenham London (GB)
- ORCID
- Glaister, Mark
- Venue
- Journal of Sports Sciences
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2015-01-02
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 15
- Pages
- 1574-1579
- ISSN
- 0264-0414 (ISSN-L)
- 1466-447X
- OpenAlex
- W2013598477
- Cited by
- 621
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 57 · 2025: 69 · 2024: 89 · 2023: 90 · 2022: 63 · 2021: 58 · 2020: 64 · 2019: 38 · 2018: 55 · 2017: 22 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 7
- FWCI
- 31.86
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Sports Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- St Mary's University Repository (St Mary's University Twickenham London) (acceptedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Physical Education and Training Studies
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Sports Dynamics and Biomechanics
- Keywords
- vertical jump, countermovement jump, iOS app, concurrent validity, test-retest reliability, high-speed video, jump height measurement, force plate
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Male, Movement, Reproducibility of Results, Lower Extremity, Athletic Performance, Young Adult, Mobile Applications
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