Cited by 293SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 ResearchCOVID-19 Clinical Research StudiesAnimal Virus Infections Studies

A review on the cleavage priming of the spike protein on coronavirus by angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 and furin

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Hasan, Anwarul, Paray, Bilal Ahamad, Hussain, Arif, Qadir, Fikry Ali, Attar, Farnoosh, Aziz, Falah Mohammad, Sharifi, Majid, Derakhshankhah, Hossein +5 more·2021·Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics

Abstract

The widespread antigenic changes lead to the emergence of a new type of coronavirus (CoV) called as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV-2 that is immunologically different from the previous circulating species. Angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE-2) is one of the most important receptors on the cell membrane of the host cells (HCs) which its interaction with spike protein (SP) with a furin-cleavage site results in the SARS-CoV-2 invasion. Hence, in this review, we presented an overview on the interaction of ACE-2 and furin with SP. As several kinds of CoVs, from various genera, have at their S1/S2 binding site a preserved site, we further surveyed the role of furin cleavage site (FCS) on the life cycle of the CoV. Furthermore, we discussed that the small molecular inhibitors can limit the interaction of ACE-2 and furin with SP and can be used as potential therapeutic platforms to combat the spreading CoV epidemic. Finally, some ongoing challenges and future prospects for the development of potential drugs to promote targeting specific activities of the CoV were reviewed. In conclusion, this review may pave the way for providing useful information about different compounds involved in improving the effectiveness of CoV vaccine or drugs with minimum toxicity against human health.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.

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  • SARS-CoV-2 is thought to derive from a bat SARS-CoV-related coronavirus with a furin cleavage site that increases its ability to infect human cells.

    “Although the proximal origins are unknown, SARS-CoV-2 is thought to derive from a bat SARS-CoV-related coronavirus with a furin cleavage site that enhances the capacity of the virus to infect human cells.48, 49”

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Authors
Hasan, A., Paray, B. A., Hussain, A., Qadir, F. A., Attar, F., Aziz, F. M., Sharifi, M., Derakhshankhah, H., Rasti, B., Mehrabi, M., Shahpasand, K., Saboury, A. A., & Falahati, M.
Affiliations
  • Qatar University (QA)
  • King Saud University (SA)
  • Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Dubai (AE)
  • Salahaddin University-Erbil (IQ)
  • Standard Research Institute (IR)
  • Islamic Azad University, Tehran (IR)
  • Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (IR)
  • Islamic Azad University, Lahijan Branch (IR)
  • Royan Institute (IR)
  • University of Tehran (IR)
Corresponding author
  • Hasan, Anwarul
  • Falahati, Mojtaba
Venue
Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics
Published
2020-04-22
Volume
39
Issue
8
Pages
3025-3033
ISSN
  • 0739-1102 (ISSN-L)
  • 1538-0254
OpenAlex
W3015385976
Cited by
293
References
84
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 24 · 2022: 40 · 2021: 83 · 2020: 115 · 2019: 1
FWCI
3.09
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Qatar University QSpace (Qatar University) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • Qatar Foundation (GCC-2017-005, NPRP10-120-170-211)
  • Fonds National de la Recherche Luxembourg
  • Qatar University (GCC-2017-005)
  • Qatar National Research Fund (NPRP10, NPRP10-120-170-211, GCC-2017-005)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Virus Infections Studies
Keywords
SARS-CoV-2, spike protein, furin cleavage site, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, viral entry, host cell receptors, S1/S2 cleavage, small molecule inhibitors, antiviral drug discovery, coronavirus vaccines
MeSH terms
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Angiotensins, Humans, Furin, Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus

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