Towards a theory of mood function
Abstract
In light of Laura Sizer's and Robert Thayer's models of mood, I propose a functional theory to explain in what sense moods are adaptive. I argue that mood involves a mechanism which monitors our physical and mental energy levels in relation to the perceived energy demands of our environment, and generates corresponding cognitive biases in our reasoning style, attention, memory, thought, and creativity. The function of this mechanism is to engage us in the right task with the right amount of energy by maintaining equilibrium between the energy we possess and the energy our environment demands.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The theory of mood postulates that mood involves a mechanism which monitors physical and mental energy levels in relation to the perceived energy demands of the environment, and generates corresponding cognitive biases in reasoning style, attention, memory, thought, and creativity.
“The theory of mood postulates that mood involves a mechanism which monitors our physical and mental energy levels in relation to the perceived energy demands of our environment, and generates corresponding cognitive biases in our reasoning style, attention, memory, thought, and creativity [13,14].”
From Acceptance Mindfulness-Trait as a Protective Factor for Post-Natal Depression: A Preliminary Research (2022) · cites this paper as [14]
Cites
Culture and the self: Implications for cognition, emotion, and motivation.
Markus, H. R., & Kitayama, S. (1991) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.98.2.224 · Cited by 21,995 · see citing works
Core affect and the psychological construction of emotion.
Russell, J. A. (2003) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.110.1.145 · Cited by 6,113 · see citing works
Individualism and Collectivism
Hayek, F. A. (1976) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203991718-8 · Cited by 6,060 · see citing works
The feeling of what happens: body and emotion in the making of consciousness
(2000) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.37-6553 · Cited by 5,998 · see citing works
Culture and systems of thought: Holistic versus analytic cognition.
Nisbett, R. E., Peng, K., Choi, I., & Norenzayan, A. (2001) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.108.2.291 · Cited by 4,263 · see citing works
The Emotional Brain: The Mysterious Underpinnings of Emotional Life
LeDoux, J. E. (2004) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 4,212 · see citing works
THE CATECHOLAMINE HYPOTHESIS OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS: A REVIEW OF SUPPORTING EVIDENCE
Schildkraut, J. J. (1965) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.122.5.509 · Cited by 3,499 · see citing works
Positive affect facilitates creative problem solving.
Isen, A. M., Daubman, K. A., & Nowicki, G. P. (1987) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.52.6.1122 · Cited by 2,986 · see citing works
Positive affect facilitates creative problem solving.
Isen, A. M., Daubman, K. A., & Nowicki, G. P. (1987) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.52.6.1122 · Cited by 2,985 · see citing works
(2014) · Psychology Press eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781315736945-36 · Cited by 2,232 · see citing works
Pylyshyn, Z. W. (1984) · The MIT Press eBooks · doi:10.7551/mitpress/2004.001.0001 · Cited by 2,050 · see citing works
Gut reactions: a perceptual theory of emotion
(2005) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.43-2124 · Cited by 1,328 · see citing works
The biopsychology of mood and arousal
Thayer, R. E. (1990) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.28-1830 · Cited by 1,242 · see citing works
Griffiths, P. E. (1997) · University of Chicago Press eBooks · doi:10.7208/chicago/9780226308760.001.0001 · Cited by 1,152 · see citing works
On computation and cognition: Toward a foundation of cognitive science
Pylyshyn, Z. W. (1989) · Artificial Intelligence · doi:10.1016/0004-3702(89)90062-3 · Cited by 1,136 · see citing works
The influence of affect on categorization.
Isen, A. M., & Daubman, K. A. (1984) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.47.6.1206 · Cited by 1,112 · see citing works
Toward a general psychobiological theory of emotions
Panksepp, J. (1982) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x00012759 · Cited by 999 · see citing works
Grandjean, E. (1969) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 839 · see citing works
Mood effects on person-perception judgments.
Forgas, J. P., & Bower, G. H. (1987) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.53.1.53 · Cited by 778 · see citing works
Toward understanding the role of affect in cognition.
Isen, A. M. (1984) · Cited by 760 · see citing works
Happiness and stereotypic thinking in social judgment.
Bodenhausen, G. V., Kramer, G. P., & Süsser, K. (1994) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.66.4.621 · Cited by 717 · see citing works
Chapter 4 Affect as a Psychological Primitive
Barrett, L. F., & Bliss‐Moreau, E. (2009) · Advances in Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/s0065-2601(08)00404-8 · Cited by 621 · see citing works
Personality, mood, and cognitive processing of emotional information: Three conceptual frameworks.
Rusting, C. L. (1998) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.124.2.165 · Cited by 618 · see citing works
Mood effects on person-perception judgments.
Forgas, J. P., & Bower, G. H. (1987) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.53.1.53 · Cited by 578 · see citing works
The Origin of Cultural Differences in Cognition: The Social Orientation Hypothesis
Varnum, M. E. W., Grossmann, I., Kitayama, S., & Nisbett, R. E. (2010) · Current Directions in Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/0963721409359301 · Cited by 566 · see citing works
Wegener, D., Petty, R., & Smith, S. M. (1995) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.69.1.5 · Cited by 512 · see citing works
Clark, D. M., & Teasdale, J. D. (1982) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037//0021-843x.91.2.87 · Cited by 468 · see citing works
What Emotions Really are: The Problem of Psychological Categories.
Solomon, R. C., & Griffiths, P. E. (1999) · The Philosophical Review · doi:10.2307/2998275 · Cited by 421 · see citing works
Influence of mood on health-relevant cognitions.
Salovey, P., & Birnbaum, D. (1989) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.57.3.539 · Cited by 417 · see citing works
Cognitive styles: essence and origins. Field dependence and field independence.
Witkin, H. A., & Goodenough, D. R. (1981) · PubMed · Cited by 387 · see citing works
The influence of mood on categorization: A cognitive flexibility interpretation.
Murray, N., Sujan, H., Hirt, E. R., & Sujan, M. (1990) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.59.3.411 · Cited by 381 · see citing works
Clark, D. M., & Teasdale, J. D. (1982) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.91.2.87 · Cited by 350 · see citing works
Wegener, D. T., Petty, R. E., & Smith, S. M. (1995) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.69.1.5 · Cited by 338 · see citing works
Changing moods: the psychology of mood and mood regulation
(1997) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.34-4770 · Cited by 333 · see citing works
THE DESCRIPTION AND ANALYSIS OF MOOD
Nowlis, V., & Nowlis, H. H. (1956) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1956.tb49644.x · Cited by 327 · see citing works
Influence of mood on health-relevant cognitions.
Salovey, P., & Birnbaum, D. (1989) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.57.3.539 · Cited by 288 · see citing works
Partial sleep deprivation reduces natural killer cell activity in humans.
Irwin, M., Mascovich, A., Gillin, J. C., Willoughby, R., Pike, J., & Smith, T. L. (1994) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/00006842-199411000-00004 · Cited by 249 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Thayer also cites other studies showing that loss of sleep resulted in negative moods (e.g., Irwin et al., 1994; Totterbell, Reynolds, Parkinson, & Briner, 1994).”
ResultTask-induced fatigue states and simulated driving performance
Matthews, G., & Desmond, P. A. (2002) · The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A · doi:10.1080/02724980143000505 · Cited by 247 · see citing works
Bouhuys, A. L., Bloem, G. M., & Groothuis, T. G. G. (1995) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/0165-0327(94)00092-n · Cited by 234 · see citing works
Energy, tiredness, and tension effects of a sugar snack versus moderate exercise.
Thayer, R. E. (1987) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.52.1.119 · Cited by 228 · see citing works
Smith, S. M., & Petty, R. E. (1995) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.68.6.1092 · Cited by 226 · see citing works
Smith, S. M., & Petty, R. E. (1995) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.68.6.1092 · Cited by 226 · see citing works
Effects of mood manipulation and anxiety on performance of an emotional Stroop task
Richards, A., French, C. C., Johnson, W., Naparstek, J., & Williams, J. (1992) · British Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.2044-8295.1992.tb02454.x · Cited by 222 · see citing works
The Origin of Everyday Moods: Managing Energy, Tension, and Stress
Thayer, R. E. (1996) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 221 · see citing works
Associations of Sleep With Everyday Mood, Minor Symptoms and Social Interaction Experience
Totterdell, P., Reynolds, S. A., Parkinson, B., & Briner, R. B. (1994) · SLEEP · doi:10.1093/sleep/17.5.466 · Cited by 178 · see citing works
Energy, tiredness, and tension effects of a sugar snack versus moderate exercise.
Thayer, R. E. (1987) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.52.1.119 · Cited by 178 · see citing works
Bless, H., Mackie, D. M., & Schwarz, N. (1992) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.63.4.585 · Cited by 176 · see citing works
Bless, H., Mackie, D. M., & Schwarz, N. (1992) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.63.4.585 · Cited by 164 · see citing works
On mood and peculiar people: Affect and person typicality in impression formation.
Forgas, J. P. (1992) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.62.5.863 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
Albersnagel, F. A. (1988) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(88)90035-6 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
Us and them: Mood effects on intergroup discrimination.
Forgas, J. P., & Fiedler, K. (1996) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.70.1.28 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
Autobiographical memory and clinical anxiety
Burke, M., & Mathews, A. (1992) · Cognition & Emotion · doi:10.1080/02699939208411056 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
A functional analysis of the role of mood in affective systems.
Morris, W. N. (1992) · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Procédures d’induction d’humeurs en laboratoire : une revue critique
Gilet, A.-L. (2008) · L Encéphale · doi:10.1016/j.encep.2006.08.003 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Crawford, A. (1961) · Ergonomics · doi:10.1080/00140136108930515 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Normal and Pathological Moods: Their Nature and Functions
Jacobson, E. (1957) · The Psychoanalytic Study of the Child · doi:10.1080/00797308.1957.11822803 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Towards A Computational Theory of Mood
Sizer, L. (2000) · The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science · doi:10.1093/bjps/51.4.743 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Strange Couples: Mood Effects on Judgments and Memory about Prototypical and Atypical Relationships
Forgas, J. P. (1995) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167295217009 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
The Effects of Musical Mood Induction on Creativity
ADAMAN, J. E., & Blaney, P. H. (1995) · The Journal of Creative Behavior · doi:10.1002/j.2162-6057.1995.tb00739.x · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Psychological criteria of fatigue
Bartlett, S. F. (1953) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Understanding Fatigue in Modern Life
McFarland, R. A. (1971) · Ergonomics · doi:10.1080/00140137108931216 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Mood-congruent memory biases in anxiety and depression
Mineka, S., & Nugent, K. M. (1995) · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Good and Good For You: An Affect Theory of Happiness
Sizer, L. (2009) · Philosophy and Phenomenological Research · doi:10.1111/j.1933-1592.2009.00313.x · Cited by 24 · see citing works
The experimental study of mental fatigue.
Seashore, C. E. (1904) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/h0069868 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Personality and individual differences in cognitive fatigue.
Matthews, G. (2010) · American Psychological Association eBooks · doi:10.1037/12343-010 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Sizer, L. (2006) · Mind & Language · doi:10.1111/j.1468-0017.2006.00308.x · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The intentionality and intelligibility of moods
Mitchell, J. (2018) · European Journal of Philosophy · doi:10.1111/ejop.12385 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Wong, M. Y. (2016) · Philosophical Studies · doi:10.1007/s11098-016-0650-2 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Why moods change: their appropriateness and connection to beliefs
Kostochka, T. A. (2020) · Synthese · doi:10.1007/s11229-020-02795-w · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Velasco, F., Lanchimba, C., y Miño, M. P., & Díaz-Sánchez, J. P. (2022) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2022.844947 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Théorie multidimensionnelle et computationnelle de l’humeur
Bottemanne, H., Barberousse, A., & Fossati, P. (2022) · L Encéphale · doi:10.1016/j.encep.2022.02.002 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Tharwat, D., Trousselard, M., Fromage, D., Belrose, C., Balès, M., Sutter-Dallay, A.-L., Ezto, M.-L., Hurstel, F., Harvey, T., Martin, S., et al. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19031545 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
“The theory of mood postulates that mood involves a mechanism which monitors our physical and mental energy levels in relation to the perceived energy demands of our environment, and generates corresponding cognitive biases in our reasoning style, attention, memory, thought, and creativity [13,14].”
BackgroundBu, K., & Lee, L. (2022) · ASIA MARKETING JOURNAL · doi:10.53728/2765-6500.1591 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
A New Research Agenda for Managing Socio-Cultural Integration
Hassett, M. E., & Nummela, N. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-74341-7_1 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
In Search for the Rationality of Moods
Hatzimoysis, A. (2019) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-15667-1_13 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Moved by Sad Music: Pleasure and Emotion in Sad Music Listening Experiences
Dunaway, M. G. (2022) · Digital Archive @ GSU · doi:10.57709/23917496
- Authors
- Wong, M. Y.
- Affiliations
- Hang Seng University of Hong Kong (HK)
- Corresponding author
- Wong, Muk Yan
- Venue
- Philosophical Psychology
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2015-03-27
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 179-197
- ISSN
- 0951-5089 (ISSN-L)
- 1465-394X
- OpenAlex
- W2112846145
- Cited by
- 10
- References
- 58
- Citations by year
- 2022: 5 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 1.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Philosophical Psychology (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Philosophy and Theoretical Science
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Emotions and Moral Behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Keywords
- mood, energy balance, cognitive biases, energy demand, task engagement, attention, memory, creativity, reasoning styles
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review