Eco-friendly extraction of hesperidin from citrus peels: a comparative study of Soxhlet, ultrasound-assisted, and microwave-assisted methods for improved yield and antioxidant properties
Abstract
This study compares Soxhlet extraction, ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) for isolating hesperidin from citrus peels. UAE achieved the highest yield (89.7%) and demonstrated favorable kinetic parameters (rate constant: 0.96 h−1, half-life: 0.72 h), highlighting its efficiency as an eco-friendly alternative. The UAE extract also exhibited the highest total phenolic and flavonoid contents, maximizing bioactive compound recovery. While MAE showed superior antioxidant activity in DPPH (IC₅₀: 31.49 µg/mg DE) and ABTS (IC₅₀: 73.38 µg/mg DE) assays, the HPLC analysis confirmed a hesperidin purity of 89.7%, with UAE and MAE yielding comparable results. These findings underscore UAE’s potential for enhancing hesperidin extraction while promoting sustainability through citrus waste valorization. This research provides valuable insights into optimizing extraction techniques for bioactive compounds and supporting their industrial applications.
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- Authors
- Yeddes, W., Bettaieb Rebey, I., Yazidi, R., Ben Abdennebi, A., Hammami, M., Ben Farhat, M., & Saidani Tounsi, M.
- Affiliations
- Center of Biotechnogy of Borj Cédria (TN)
- Center of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria
- Venue
- International Journal of Environmental Health Research
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2025-03-26
- Volume
- 35
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 3359-3370
- ISSN
- 0960-3123 (ISSN-L)
- 1369-1619
- OpenAlex
- W4408951374
- Cited by
- 6
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 1
- FWCI
- 3.31
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- International Journal of Environmental Health Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Tunisian Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Agricultural and Biological Research
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Bioactive Compounds in Plants
- Keywords
- hesperidin, citrus peel, ultrasound-assisted extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, Soxhlet extraction, extraction kinetics, antioxidant activity, total phenolic content, flavonoids, citrus waste valorization, green extraction
- MeSH terms
- Ultrasonic Waves, Antioxidants, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Citrus, Chemical Fractionation, Fruit, Hesperidin, Microwaves, Plant Extracts, Ultrasonics
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