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Reproducibility and validity of a food-frequency questionnaire (NFFQ) to assess food consumption based on the NOVA classification in adults
Abstract
NOVA is a classification that divides foods into four groups according to processing. Since no questionnaires have been validated to assess the consumption of foods with different levels of processing in the general adult population, we tested the reliability and validity of a 94-item Food Frequency Questionnaire (NFFQ) designed to estimate the intake (g/day) and the weight ratio (%) of the NOVA food groups in Italian adults. Time reliability and validity were tested by administrating the NFFQ to 110 subjects on two different occasions and comparing it with a weighed dietary record (WDR). Strong correlations between NFFQs ( r > 0.7, p r < 0.7), ICC of 0.536-0.741, and consistent agreement for intake percentages as revealed by Bland-Altman plots indicated moderate to good validity. The NFFQ could be useful for future investigations in this research field.
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Several 24 h dietary recalls and food frequency questionnaires specifically designed to assess consumption of Nova food groups have been developed.
“Several 24 h dietary recalls and food frequency questionnaires specifically designed to assess consumption of Nova food groups have been developed 202,206,[208][209][210][211]”
From Ultra-processed foods and human health: the main thesis and the evidence (2025) · cites this paper as [208]
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Ultra-processed foods and human health: the main thesis and the evidence
Monteiro, C. A., Louzada, M. L., Steele-Martinez, E., Cannon, G., Andrade, G. C., Baker, P., Bes-Rastrollo, M., Bonaccio, M., Gearhardt, A. N., Khandpur, N., et al. (2025) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(25)01565-x · Cited by 339
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Metadata
- Authors
- Dinu, M., Bonaccio, M., Martini, D., Madarena, M. P., Vitale, M., Pagliai, G., Esposito, S., Ferraris, C., Guglielmetti, M., Rosi, A., & Angelino, D.
- Affiliations
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, “Federico II” University of Naples, Italy
- Human Nutrition and Eating Disorder Research Center, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
- ORCID
- Venue
- International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2021-02-08
- Volume
- 72
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 861-869
- ISSN
- 0963-7486
- 1465-3478
- Cited by
- 54
- References
- 4
- Language
- en
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