Are memories for sexually traumatic events “special”? A within-subjects investigation of trauma and memory in a clinical sample

Peace, Kristine A.; Porter, Stephen; Brinke, Leanne ten

doi:10.1080/09658210701363583

Cited by 58Memory Processes and InfluencesIdentity, Memory, and TherapyPosttraumatic Stress Disorder Research

Are memories for sexually traumatic events “special”? A within-subjects investigation of trauma and memory in a clinical sample

Peace, Kristine A., Porter, Stephen, Brinke, Leanne ten·2008·Memory

DOI 10.1080/09658210701363583

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Abstract

According to a long-standing clinical tradition, sexually traumatic experiences are processed and recalled differently from other experiences, often leading to memory impairment. In this study, we compared the characteristics of traumatic memories for sexual violence and two other types of emotional experiences. N=44 women recruited from a local sexual trauma agency were asked to recall and describe three autobiographical events: sexual abuse/assault, a non-sexual trauma, and a positive emotional event. The characteristics of the three memory types were compared on both subjective and objective measures. Further, the potential influences of level of traumatic impact and dissociation were assessed. Results indicated that memories for sexual trauma were not impaired or fragmented relative to other memories. Instead, memories for sexual trauma were associated with a remarkably high level of vividness, detail, and sensory components. Further, high levels of traumatic impact were not associated with memory impairment. Implications for the ongoing traumatic memory debate are discussed.

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The mixed pattern and lack of reported findings in Peace et al. (2008) make strong conclusions difficult, but the pattern does not suggest a consistent relationship between meta-memory fragmentation and trait dissociation.
“Overall, the mixed pattern of results for this study and the lack of reported findings make it difficult to draw strong conclusions; but, in general, the pattern of findings does not suggest a consistent relationship between meta-memory fragmentation and trait dissociation.”
From Dissociation and memory fragmentation in post-traumatic stress disorder: An evaluation of the dissociative encoding hypothesis (2012) · cites this paper as Peace et al., 2008
It remains unclear if trait dissociation is related to either higher rater-defined narrative fragmentation or PTSD.
“Thus, it remains unclear if trait dissociation is related to either higher rater-defined narrative fragmentation or PTSD.”
From Dissociation and memory fragmentation in post-traumatic stress disorder: An evaluation of the dissociative encoding hypothesis (2012) · cites this paper as Peace et al., 2008
Peace et al. (2008) found that for sexual traumatic experience, higher trait dissociation was significantly associated with more reported emotion and memory repression and less reported memory quality, at a moderate to strong level.
“For the sexual traumatic experience, higher trait dissociation, as assessed by the DES, was significantly associated with more reported emotion and memory repression, and less reported memory quality, at a moderate to strong level.”
From Dissociation and memory fragmentation in post-traumatic stress disorder: An evaluation of the dissociative encoding hypothesis (2012) · cites this paper as Peace et al., 2008
Only one study included trait dissociation and rater-coded fragmentation.
“To our knowledge, only one study (Peace et al., 2008) included trait dissociation and rater-coded fragmentation.”
From Dissociation and memory fragmentation in post-traumatic stress disorder: An evaluation of the dissociative encoding hypothesis (2012) · cites this paper as Peace et al., 2008
When fragmentation is operationalized as specific tangible elements, relationships between higher dissociation and fragmentation were elusive across meta-memory, rater-based coding, and objective performance indices.
“Interestingly, when operationalizing fragmentation as a construct comprised of specific tangible elements (e.g., repetitions, sensory aspects), whether rated by meta-memory, rater-based coding, or objective performance based indices, relationships between higher dissociation and fragmentation were illusive (e.g., Byrne et al., 2001; Kindt et al., 2005; Peace et al., 2008; Rubin et al., 2004; Zoell”
From Dissociation and memory fragmentation in post-traumatic stress disorder: An evaluation of the dissociative encoding hypothesis (2012) · cites this paper as Peace et al., 2008

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Authors: Peace, K. A., Porter, S., & Brinke, L. T.
Affiliations: MacEwan University (CA)
Dalhousie University (CA)
Corresponding author: Peace, Kristine A.
ORCID: Porter, Stephen
Brinke, Leanne ten
Venue: Memory
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Published: 2008-01
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Pages: 10-21
ISSN: 0965-8211 (ISSN-L)
1464-0686
DOI: 10.1080/09658210701363583
OpenAlex: W2070577145
Cited by: 58
References: 71
Citations by year: 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 7
FWCI: 1.50
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Memory (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Identity, Memory, and Therapy
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
Keywords: traumatic memory, sexual trauma, sexual abuse, memory vividness, memory impairment, dissociation, autobiographical memory, memory fragmentation
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adult, Affective Symptoms, Age Factors, Analysis of Variance, Child Abuse, Sexual, Dissociative Disorders, Female, Humans, Life Change Events, Memory, Middle Aged, Surveys and Questionnaires, Repression, Psychology, Sex Offenses, Time Factors, Multivariate Analysis

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Are memories for sexually traumatic events “special”? A within-subjects investigation of trauma and memory in a clinical sample

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