The Use and Abuse of Models of Disability
Abstract
Throughout history, theorists have made use of the technology of the day to provide explanatory models of the behaviour they observe in order to provide an improved understanding of human behaviour. Bax (1998) describes the use of models of disability as not particularly helpful in relation to the treatment of children with physical disabilities. It is the purpose of this paper to show that models do have their place within disability research and the implications of using the medical and social models of disability, together with two models from developmental psychology, namely the transactional model and systems theory, will be discussed. It is argued by the authors that the usage of these models can aid understanding of disability in both research and clinical settings.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The conventional medical paradigm approaches autism as a disability primarily rooted within individuals.
“The conventional medical paradigm, also known as the medical model of disability (Llewellyn & Hogan, 2000; Marks, 1997), approaches autism as a disability primarily rooted within individuals.”
From Annual Research Review: Shifting from ‘normal science’ to neurodiversity in autism science (2022) · cites this paper as Llewellyn & Hogan, 2000
Cites
<i>The Structure of Scientific Revolutions</i>
Kuhn, T. S., & Schlegel, R. (1963) · Physics Today · doi:10.1063/1.3050879 · Cited by 35,538 · see citing works
The Structure of Scientific Revolutions: 50th Anniversary Edition
Kuhn, T. S., & Hacking, I. (2012) · doi:10.7208/chicago/9780226458144.001.0001 · Cited by 21,170 · see citing works
Bronfenbrenner, U. (2000) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1037/10518-046 · Cited by 3,109 · see citing works
Ralston, C. W. (1992) · Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics · doi:10.1097/00004703-199204000-00011 · Cited by 2,247 · see citing works
Psychological perspectives on the self
Hampson, S. E. (1985) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/0191-8869(85)90049-2 · Cited by 806 · see citing works
Processes underlying the construction, maintenance and enhancement of the self-concept in children
Harter, S. (1986) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 466 · see citing works
The classification of disability.
Hutchison, T. (1995) · Archives of Disease in Childhood · doi:10.1136/adc.73.2.91 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Johnston, M. (1996) · Physiotherapy Theory and Practice · doi:10.3109/09593989609036429 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Conceptual Issues in Psychology
HEIL, B. J. (1983) · Philosophical Books · doi:10.1111/j.1468-0149.1983.tb00232.x · Cited by 57 · see citing works
The Self-Esteem of Children with Physical Disabilities—Problems and Dilemmas of Research
Llewellyn, A., & Chung, M. C. (1997) · Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities · doi:10.1023/a:1024942205961 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Self-citationInfluencing Children's Development
Burton, D., Bancroft, D., & Carr, R. (1996) · British Journal of Educational Studies · doi:10.2307/3121915 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Hall, D. M. B. (1995) · Archives of Disease in Childhood · doi:10.1136/adc.73.2.94 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
BAX, M. C. O. (1998) · Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-8749.1998.tb15378.x · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Perceptions of inclusive education for children and families with physical disabilities
Llewellyn, A. (1999) · OpenGrey (Institut de l'Information Scientifique et Technique) · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Annual Research Review: Shifting from ‘normal science’ to neurodiversity in autism science
Pellicano, E., & den Houting, J. (2022) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/jcpp.13534 · Cited by 744 · see citing works
“The conventional medical paradigm, also known as the medical model of disability (Llewellyn & Hogan, 2000; Marks, 1997), approaches autism as a disability primarily rooted within individuals.”
BackgroundPhysical Activity Patterns in Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorders
Pan, C., & Frey, G. C. (2006) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-006-0101-6 · Cited by 303 · see citing works
A Social Constructionist Approach to Disability: Implications for Special Education
Anastasiou, D., & Kauffman, J. M. (2011) · Exceptional Children · doi:10.1177/001440291107700307 · Cited by 221 · see citing works
Law, J., Reilly, S., & Snow, P. C. (2013) · International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders · doi:10.1111/1460-6984.12027 · Cited by 189 · see citing works
Berghs, M. J., Atkin, K. M., Graham, H. M., Hatton, C., & Thomas, C. (2016) · Public Health Research · doi:10.3310/phr04080 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
Olusanya, B. O., Kancherla, V., Shaheen, A. A., Ogbo, F. A., & Davis, A. C. (2022) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2022.977453 · Cited by 208 · see citing works
Moving Us Toward a Theory of Individual Quality of Life
Schalock, R. L., Alonso, M. Á. V., Gómez, L. E., & Reinders, H. S. (2015) · American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities · doi:10.1352/1944-7558-121.1.1 · Cited by 171 · see citing works
Riach, K., & Loretto, W. (2009) · Work Employment and Society · doi:10.1177/0950017008099780 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Oriel, K. N., George, C. L., Peckus, R., & Semon, A. (2011) · Pediatric Physical Therapy · doi:10.1097/pep.0b013e318218f149 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
Models of Disability in the Labelling and Attitudinal Discourse in Ghana
Avoke, M. (2002) · Disability & Society · doi:10.1080/0968759022000039064 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Young children's understanding of disabilities: the influence of development, context, and cognition
Magiati, I., Dockrell, J. E., & Logotheti, A.-E. (2002) · Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1016/s0193-3973(02)00126-0 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Physical activity in children and adolescents with autism assessed by triaxial accelerometry
Memari, A. H., Ghaheri, B., Ziaee, V., Kordi, R., Hafizi, S., & Moshayedi, P. (2012) · Pediatric Obesity · doi:10.1111/j.2047-6310.2012.00101.x · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Do-It-Yourself Empowerment as Experienced by Novice Makers with Disabilities
Meissner, J. L., Vines, J., McLaughlin, J., Nappey, T., Maksimova, J., & Wright, P. (2017) · Designing Interactive Systems Conference · doi:10.1145/3064663.3064674 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Brett, J. (2002) · Disability & Society · doi:10.1080/0968759022000039109 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Recognizing and Responding to the Health Disparities of People with Disabilities
Drum, C. E., Krahn, G. L., Culley, C., & Hammond, L. L. (2005) · Californian Journal of Health Promotion · doi:10.32398/cjhp.v3i3.647 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Emplotting children's lives: developmental delay vs. disability
Landsman, G. H. (2003) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0277-9536(02)00215-0 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
White, S., Kuper, H., Itimu-Phiri, A., Holm, R., & Biran, A. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0155043 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Pan, C., Tsai, C., Chu, C.-H., Sung, M., Ma, W.-Y., & Huang, C.-Y. (2015) · Physical Therapy · doi:10.2522/ptj.20140353 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Needs or rights? A challenge to the discourse of special education
Runswick‐Cole, K., & Hodge, N. (2009) · British Journal of Special Education · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8578.2009.00438.x · Cited by 93 · see citing works
The role of theory in disability research ‐springboard or strait‐jacket?
Gustavsson, A. (2004) · Scandinavian Journal of Disability Research · doi:10.1080/15017410409512639 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
The Foundations of Autistic Flourishing
Pellicano, E., & Heyworth, M. (2023) · Current Psychiatry Reports · doi:10.1007/s11920-023-01441-9 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
The myth and reality of disability prevalence: measuring disability for research and service
McDermott, S. W., & Turk, M. A. (2010) · Disability and health journal · doi:10.1016/j.dhjo.2010.06.002 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Enacting disability: how can science and technology studies inform disability studies?
Galis, V. (2011) · Disability & Society · doi:10.1080/09687599.2011.618737 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Reinders, N. J., Branco, A., Wright, K. T., Fletcher, P. C., & Bryden, P. J. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00120 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Mengikat Makna Diskriminasi: Penyandang Cacat, Difabel, dan Penyandang Disabilitas
Maftuhin, A. (2016) · INKLUSI · doi:10.14421/ijds.030201 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Expanding opportunities for online shoppers with disabilities
Childers, T. L., & Kaufman‐Scarborough, C. (2008) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2008.06.017 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
O’Gorman, E., & Drudy, S. (2010) · Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs · doi:10.1111/j.1471-3802.2010.01161.x · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Dalmeda, M. E. P., & Chhabra, G. (2019) · Revista Española de Discapacidad · doi:10.5569/2340-5104.07.01.01 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Kalyva, E., & Agaliotis, I. (2009) · European Journal of Special Needs Education · doi:10.1080/08856250902793701 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Models of sickness and disability: applied to common health problems
Waddell, G., & Aylward, M. (2009) · ORCA Online Research @Cardiff (Cardiff University) · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Do people with disabilities believe the ADA has served their consumer interests?
Kaufman‐Scarborough, C., & Baker, S. M. (2005) · Journal of Consumer Affairs · doi:10.1111/j.1745-6606.2005.00001.x · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Linking Models of Disability for Children with Developmental Disabilities
Bricout, J. C., Porterfield, S. L., Tracey, C. M., & Howard, M. O. (2004) · Journal of Social Work in Disability & Rehabilitation · doi:10.1300/j198v03n04_04 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Disability and identity: the challenge of epilepsy
Rhodes, P., Nocon, A., Small, N., & Wright, J. (2008) · Disability & Society · doi:10.1080/09687590802038910 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Roth, D., Pure, T., Rabinowitz, S., & Kaufman‐Scarborough, C. (2018) · Social Inclusion · doi:10.17645/si.v6i4.1636 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Asprey, A., & Nash, T. (2006) · British Journal of Special Education · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8578.2006.00406.x · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Autonomy and participation in rehabilitation: Time for a new paradigm?
Clapton, J., & Kendall, E. (2002) · Disability and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1080/09638280210152058 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Developing a model of disability that focuses on the actions of disabled people
Levitt, J. M. (2017) · Disability & Society · doi:10.1080/09687599.2017.1324764 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Karma and human rights: Bhutanese teachers’ perspectives on inclusion and disability
Kamenopoulou, L., & Dukpa, D. (2017) · International Journal of Inclusive Education · doi:10.1080/13603116.2017.1365274 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Sharing the Experience of Mobility-Disabled Consumers
Kaufman‐Scarborough, C. (2001) · Journal of Contemporary Ethnography · doi:10.1177/089124101030004004 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Medical and social models of disability: a tourism providers' perspective
Nicolaisen, J., Blichfeldt, B., & Sonnenschein, F. (2012) · World Leisure Journal · doi:10.1080/04419057.2012.702451 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Krahn, G. L., Putnam, M., Drum, C. E., & Powers, L. (2006) · Journal of Disability Policy Studies · doi:10.1177/10442073060170010201 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Concordance of Physical Activity Among Parents and Youth with Physical Disabilities
Pan, C., Frey, G. C., Bar‐Or, O., & Longmuir, P. E. (2005) · Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities · doi:10.1007/s10882-005-6622-7 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Social security, employment and Incapacity Benefit: critical reflections onA new deal for welfare
Grover, C., & Piggott, L. (2007) · Disability & Society · doi:10.1080/09687590701659584 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
N/A (1907) · The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science · doi:10.1177/000271620702900151 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Simpson, J., & Thomas, C. (2014) · Disability and Rehabilitation · doi:10.3109/09638288.2014.961656 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Are we our own enemies? Leisure constraints of physically and visually disabled people in Ghana
Adam, I., Boakye, K., & Kumi-Kyereme, A. (2017) · World Leisure Journal · doi:10.1080/16078055.2016.1245213 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Communicating Disability: Metaphors of Oppression, Metaphors of Empowerment
Coopman, S. J. (2003) · Annals of the International Communication Association · doi:10.1080/23808985.2003.11679030 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Stigma: Barriers to Culture and Identity for People With Intellectual Disability
Spassiani, N. A., & Friedman, C. (2014) · Inclusion · doi:10.1352/2326-6988-2.4.329 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Goodwin, D. L. (2008) · Sport Ethics and Philosophy · doi:10.1080/17511320802223477 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
A review of the participation of disabled persons in the labour force: the Kenyan context
Opini, B. M. (2010) · Disability & Society · doi:10.1080/09687591003701181 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Adjusting the “self” in social interaction: Disability and stigmatization in India
Kayama, M., Johnstone, C., & Limaye, S. (2018) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2018.11.047 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Disability theorising and real-world educational practice: a framework for understanding
Gable, A. (2013) · Disability & Society · doi:10.1080/09687599.2013.776485 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Positive behaviour support: What model of disability does it represent?
Grey, I. M., Lydon, H., & Healy, O. (2016) · Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disability · doi:10.3109/13668250.2016.1164304 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Risk assessment in offenders with intellectual disability: the evidence base
Johnston, S. J. (2002) · Journal of Intellectual Disability Research · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2788.2002.00003.x · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Landsman, G. H. (2005) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2005.11.028 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Can Workplaces, Classrooms, and Pedagogies Be Disabling?
Oswal, S. K. (2018) · Business and Professional Communication Quarterly · doi:10.1177/2329490618765434 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Aitchison, C. (2000) · Annals of Leisure Research · doi:10.1080/11745398.2000.10600882 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
The dynamics of disability and chronic conditions
Drum, C. E. (2013) · Disability and health journal · doi:10.1016/j.dhjo.2013.10.001 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Ward, R., & Sandberg, L. J. (2023) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781003221982 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Sociometric methods and difference: a force for good – or yet more harm
Child, S., & Nind, M. (2012) · Disability & Society · doi:10.1080/09687599.2012.741517 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Beudaert, A., Mason, M. J., & Nau, J. (2023) · Journal of Marketing Management · doi:10.1080/0267257x.2023.2289379 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Hersh, L., Dwyer, P., Kapp, S. K., Shevchuk-Hill, S., Gurba, A. N., Kilgallon, E., Mair, A. P. A., Chang, D. S., Rivera, S. M., & Gillespie‐Lynch, K. (2024) · Autism in Adulthood · doi:10.1089/aut.2023.0202 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Paradygmat zignorowany. Macierzyństwo kobiet z niepełnosprawnością intelektualną
Wołowicz, A. (2021) · Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego eBooks · doi:10.31338/uw.9788323550808 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Understanding views of disability in the Cote d’Ivoire
Bayat, M. (2013) · Disability & Society · doi:10.1080/09687599.2013.768954 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Physical and Sedentary Activity Patterns in Youths with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Pan, C., Tsai, C., Chen, F., Chow, B. C., Chen, C., & Chu, C.-H. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18041739 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Bugental, D. B., & Beaulieu, D. A. (2004) · Advances in child development and behavior · doi:10.1016/s0065-2407(03)31008-0 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Reversing the {Im}material Sense of a Nonplace
DEVLIEGER, P. J., & Strickfaden, M. (2012) · Space and Culture · doi:10.1177/1206331212445951 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
An Intersectional Examination of Disability and Race Models in Behavior-Analytic Practice
Catrone, R. G., Baires, N. A., Loya, M. R. M., & Brown-Hollie, J. P. (2022) · Behavior and Social Issues · doi:10.1007/s42822-022-00116-z · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Moving Beyond the Ableist Roots of Educational Psychology: Audit of the Field and a Path Forward
Emery, A. A., Louick, R., & Sabrowsky, J. W. (2022) · Educational Psychology Review · doi:10.1007/s10648-022-09673-6 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Zahid, M. J. A., Ashraf, M. M., Malik, B. T., & Hoque, M. R. (2013) · IFIP advances in information and communication technology · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-38862-0_48 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Williams, P., Wray, J., Farrall, H., & Aspland, J. (2013) · International Journal of Inclusive Education · doi:10.1080/13603116.2013.802029 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
A dance revolution? Responding to dominant discourses in contemporary integrated dance
Irving, H. R., & Giles, A. R. (2011) · Leisure/Loisir · doi:10.1080/14927713.2011.648415 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Doyle, K., Sionéan, C., Paz‐Bailey, G., Hollis, N. D., Kanny, D., & Wejnert, C. (2019) · Disability and health journal · doi:10.1016/j.dhjo.2019.100834 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Siblings of People with Disabilities’ Explicit and Implicit Disability Attitude Divergence
Friedman, C. (2017) · Journal of Social Work in Disability & Rehabilitation · doi:10.1080/1536710x.2017.1260519 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
A construção de uma escala sobre as concepções de deficiência: procedimentos metodológicos
Leite, L. P., & de Lacerda, C. B. F. (2018) · Psicologia USP · doi:10.1590/0103-65642018109 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Duarte, E. G., Cossette, I., & Wanderley, M. M. (2023) · Frontiers in Computer Science · doi:10.3389/fcomp.2023.1158476 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
The Bioarchaeology of Back Pain
Plomp, K. A. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-56949-9_8 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Hreich, E. K., Messarra, C. M., Perez, T. M., Richa, S., & Maillart, C. (2020) · International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders · doi:10.1111/1460-6984.12576 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
From Face/Off to the face race: the case of Isabelle Dinoire and the future of the face transplant.
Alberti, F. B. (2017) · Medical Humanities · doi:10.1136/medhum-2016-011113 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Ware, H., & Schuelka, M. J. (2019) · Disability & Society · doi:10.1080/09687599.2019.1580186 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Rationing health care to disabled people
Albrecht, G. L. (2001) · Sociology of Health & Illness · doi:10.1111/1467-9566.00270 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Chapter 3Models and Approaches to Disability
Drum, C. E. (2009) · American Public Health Association eBooks · doi:10.2105/9780875531915ch03 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Overcoming Barriers to Recovery and Return to Work: Towards Behavioral and Cultural Change
Aylward, S. M. (2015) · Handbooks in health, work, and disability · doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-7627-7_7 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Linikko, J. (2009) · DiVA (Stockholm University) · Cited by 11 · see citing works
The construction of the autistic individual: Investigations in online discussion groups
Brownlow, C. (2007) · University of Brighton Repository (University of Brighton) · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Porter, G., & Smith, M. K. (2013) · New Genetics and Society · doi:10.1080/14636778.2013.788355 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Towards a Greater Dialogue on Disability Between Muslims and Christians
Hayhoe, S. (2014) · Journal of Disability & Religion · doi:10.1080/23312521.2014.935104 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Living with Impairment: Learning from Disabled Young People's Biographies
Curtin, M., & Clarke, G. (2005) · British Journal of Occupational Therapy · doi:10.1177/030802260506800904 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Hidden walls: STEM course barriers identified by students with disabilities
James, W., Lamons, K., Spilka, R., Bustamante, C., Scanlon, E. M., & Chini, J. J. (2020) · Physics Education Research Conference (PERC) · doi:10.1119/perc.2019.pr.james · Cited by 16 · see citing works
The Connected Lives We Live: Autoethnographic Accounts of Disability, Mental Illness and Power
Pryer, S., Davies, K., & Hislop, L. (2022) · The British Journal of Social Work · doi:10.1093/bjsw/bcac211 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Marks, L. (2016) · Support for Learning · doi:10.1111/1467-9604.12140 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Sung, M.-C., Tsai, C.-L., Chen, F.-C., Chen, C.-C., Chu, C.-H., & Pan, C.-Y. (2022) · Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities · doi:10.1007/s10882-022-09874-5 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Understanding Disability, Disability Sport and Inclusion
Brittain, I., van Lindert, C., & Scheerder, J. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-21759-3_2 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Triliva, S., Anagnostopoulou, T., Hatzinikolaou, S., Chimienti, G., & Mastorakou, A. (2009) · The European Journal of Counselling Psychology · doi:10.5964/ejcop.v1i1/2.8 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Kapeller, A., Nagenborg, M., & Nizamis, K. (2020) · Paladyn Journal of Behavioral Robotics · doi:10.1515/pjbr-2020-0027 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Mitran, C. L. (2022) · The Family Journal · doi:10.1177/10664807221123553 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Plotner, A. J., Walters, C. B., & Gonzalez, S. (2022) · Journal of Disability Policy Studies · doi:10.1177/10442073221131284 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Global Education Diplomacy and Inclusion in Developing Countries: Lessons From West Africa
Bayat, M. (2014) · Childhood Education · doi:10.1080/00094056.2014.936192 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Kerr, S. (2013) · Disability & Society · doi:10.1080/09687599.2013.808575 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
The pursuit of sexual intimacy for men with cerebral palsy
Shuttleworth, R. (2000) · eScholarship (California Digital Library) · Cited by 7 · see citing works
- Authors
- Llewellyn, A., & Hogan, K.
- ORCID
- Hogan, K.
- Venue
- Disability & Society
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2000-01
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 157-165
- ISSN
- 0267-4645 (ISSN-L)
- 0968-7599
- 1360-0508
- OpenAlex
- W2004659298
- Cited by
- 267
- References
- 14
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 28 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 28 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 21.03
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Disability & Society (publishedVersion)
- DigitalGeorgetown (Georgetown University Library) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Safety Research › Disability Rights and Representation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Medicine, History, and Philosophy
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Inclusion and Disability in Education and Sport
- Keywords
- models of disability, medical model of disability, social model of disability, transactional model, systems theory, developmental psychology, children with physical disabilities, disability research, clinical practice
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review