The DOI matches its Crossref record, with a small difference in title or year; 104 of the 104 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Vitamin D Bioavailability: State of the Art
Open accessAbstract
There has been renewed interest in vitamin D since numerous recent studies have suggested that besides its well-established roles in bone metabolism and immunity, vitamin D status is inversely associated with the incidence of several diseases, e.g., cancers, cardio-vascular diseases, and neurodegenerative diseases. Surprisingly, there is very little data on factors that affect absorption of this fat-soluble vitamin, although it is acknowledged that dietary vitamin D could help to fight against the subdeficient vitamin D status that is common in several populations. This review describes the state of the art concerning the fate of vitamin D in the human upper gastrointestinal tract and on the factors assumed to affect its absorption efficiency. The main conclusions are: (i) ergocalciferol (vitamin D2), the form mostly used in supplements and fortified foods, is apparently absorbed with similar efficiency to cholecalciferol (vitamin D3, the main dietary form), (ii) 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD), the metabolite produced in the liver, and which can be found in foods, is better absorbed than the nonhydroxy vitamin D forms cholecalciferol and ergocalciferol, (iii) the amount of fat with which vitamin D is ingested does not seem to significantly modify the bioavailability of vitamin D3, (iv) the food matrix has apparently little effect on vitamin D bioavailability, (v) sucrose polyesters (Olestra) and tetrahydrolipstatin (orlistat) probably diminish vitamin D absorption, and (vi) there is apparently no effect of aging on vitamin D absorption efficiency. We also find that there is insufficient, or even no data on the following factors suspected of affecting vitamin D bioavailability: (i) effect of type and amount of dietary fiber, (ii) effect of vitamin D status, and (iii) effect of genetic variation in proteins involved in its intestinal absorption. In conclusion, further studies are needed to improve our knowledge of factors affecting vitamin D absorption efficiency. Clinical studies with labeled vitamin D, e.g., deuterated or (13)C, are needed to accurately and definitively assess the effect of various factors on its bioavailability.
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“Further, vitamin D supplements containing either vitamin D2 or D3, which have similar bioavailability as dietary-derived vitamin D [287], have become more popular and are commonly consumed [267].”
From Nutritional Considerations for the Vegan Athlete (2023) · cites this paper as [287]
Citations
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Vitamin D: Nutrient, Hormone, and Immunomodulator
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Metadata
- Authors
- Borel, P., Caillaud, D., & Cano, N. J.
- Affiliations
- Inserm (FR)
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand (FR)
- Université Clermont Auvergne (FR)
- Corresponding author
- Borel, P.
- Venue
- Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2013-10-02
- Volume
- 55
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1193-1205
- ISSN
- 1040-8398 (ISSN-L)
- 1549-7852
- OpenAlex
- W2029625174
- Cited by
- 378
- References
- 104
- Citations by year
- 2026: 30 · 2025: 48 · 2024: 47 · 2023: 55 · 2022: 41 · 2021: 42 · 2020: 31 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 2
- FWCI
- 5.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- inserm.hal.science
- Licence
- other-oa
- Locations
- Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Vitamin D Research Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutrition and Health Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry (medical) › Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
- Keywords
- vitamin D bioavailability, vitamin D absorption, upper gastrointestinal tract, vitamin D3, vitamin D2, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, fat-soluble vitamins, dietary fat, food matrix, olestra, orlistat, aging, dietary fiber, intestinal absorption, vitamin D status
- MeSH terms
- Orlistat, Aging, Biological Availability, Cholecalciferol, Ergocalciferols, Fatty Acids, Food, Fortified, Humans, Intestinal Absorption, Lactones, Risk Factors, Sucrose, Vitamin D, Dietary Supplements
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