Cited by 141Nitric Oxide and Endothelin EffectsCardiovascular Health and Disease PreventionPhytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities

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Dietary Nitrate, Nitric Oxide, and Cardiovascular Health

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Bondonno, Catherine P., Croft, Kevin D., Hodgson, Jonathan M.·2016·Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition

DOI 10.1080/10408398.2013.811212

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Abstract

Emerging evidence strongly suggests that dietary nitrate, derived in the diet primarily from vegetables, could contribute to cardiovascular health via effects on nitric oxide (NO) status. NO plays an essential role in cardiovascular health. It is produced via the classical L-arginine-NO-synthase pathway and the recently discovered enterosalivary nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway. The discovery of this alternate pathway has highlighted dietary nitrate as a candidate for the cardioprotective effect of a diet rich in fruit and vegetables. Clinical trials with dietary nitrate have observed improvements in blood pressure, endothelial function, ischemia-reperfusion injury, arterial stiffness, platelet function, and exercise performance with a concomitant augmentation of markers of NO status. While these results are indicative of cardiovascular benefits with dietary nitrate intake, there is still a lingering concern about nitrate in relation to methemoglobinemia, cancer, and cardiovascular disease. It is the purpose of this review to present an overview of NO and its critical role in cardiovascular health; to detail the observed vascular benefits of dietary nitrate intake through effects on NO status as well as to discuss the controversy surrounding the possible toxic effects of nitrate.

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Authors: Bondonno, C. P., Croft, K. D., & Hodgson, J. M.
Affiliations: The University of Western Australia (AU)
Corresponding author: Bondonno, Catherine P.
ORCID: Bondonno, Catherine P.
Croft, Kevin D.
Hodgson, Jonathan M.
Venue: Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Published: 2016-06-27
Volume: 56
Issue: 12
Pages: 2036-2052
ISSN: 1040-8398 (ISSN-L)
1549-7852
DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2013.811212
OpenAlex: W260652415
Cited by: 141
References: 183
Citations by year: 2026: 17 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 5
FWCI: 5.64
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
research-repository.uwa.edu.au
Licence: other-oa
Locations: Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition (publishedVersion)
UWA Profiles and Research Repository (UWA) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Medical Research Council
National Health and Medical Research Council
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry (medical) › Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities
Keywords: dietary nitrate, nitric oxide, cardiovascular health, blood pressure, endothelial function, arterial stiffness, platelet function, exercise performance, ischemia-reperfusion injury, methemoglobinemia, nitrate toxicity, cancer risk, fruit and vegetable intake
MeSH terms: Arginine, Cardiovascular System, Diet, Fruit, Health Promotion, Humans, Nitrates, Nitric Oxide, Vegetables, Nitric Oxide Synthase

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Dietary Nitrate, Nitric Oxide, and Cardiovascular Health

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