Cited by 141Nitric Oxide and Endothelin EffectsCardiovascular Health and Disease PreventionPhytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities

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Dietary Nitrate, Nitric Oxide, and Cardiovascular Health

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Bondonno, Catherine P., Croft, Kevin D., Hodgson, Jonathan M.·2016·Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition

DOI 10.1080/10408398.2013.811212

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Abstract

Emerging evidence strongly suggests that dietary nitrate, derived in the diet primarily from vegetables, could contribute to cardiovascular health via effects on nitric oxide (NO) status. NO plays an essential role in cardiovascular health. It is produced via the classical L-arginine-NO-synthase pathway and the recently discovered enterosalivary nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway. The discovery of this alternate pathway has highlighted dietary nitrate as a candidate for the cardioprotective effect of a diet rich in fruit and vegetables. Clinical trials with dietary nitrate have observed improvements in blood pressure, endothelial function, ischemia-reperfusion injury, arterial stiffness, platelet function, and exercise performance with a concomitant augmentation of markers of NO status. While these results are indicative of cardiovascular benefits with dietary nitrate intake, there is still a lingering concern about nitrate in relation to methemoglobinemia, cancer, and cardiovascular disease. It is the purpose of this review to present an overview of NO and its critical role in cardiovascular health; to detail the observed vascular benefits of dietary nitrate intake through effects on NO status as well as to discuss the controversy surrounding the possible toxic effects of nitrate.

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Dietary nitrite supplementation protects against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury
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Background
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Dietary nitrate reduces maximal oxygen consumption while maintaining work performance in maximal exercise
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Dietary nitrate supplementation enhances exercise performance in peripheral arterial disease
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Self-citation
Effects of inhaled nitric oxide on regional blood flow are consistent with intravascular nitric oxidedelivery
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Nitric Oxide Production from Nitrite Occurs Primarily in Tissues Not in the Blood
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Gastroprotective and blood pressure lowering effects of dietary nitrate are abolished by an antiseptic mouthwash
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Inhaled NO as a viable antiadhesive therapy for ischemia/reperfusion injury of distal microvascular beds.
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“There is evidence to suggest the size of FMD response is prognostic not only for the occurrence of a cardiovascular event in high and low risk individuals (Modena et al., 2002; Witte et al., 2005; Shimbo et al., 2007) but also the severity of the disease (Neunteufl et al., 1997).”
Background
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Authors: Bondonno, C. P., Croft, K. D., & Hodgson, J. M.
Affiliations: The University of Western Australia (AU)
Corresponding author: Bondonno, Catherine P.
ORCID: Bondonno, Catherine P.
Croft, Kevin D.
Hodgson, Jonathan M.
Venue: Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Published: 2016-06-27
Volume: 56
Issue: 12
Pages: 2036-2052
ISSN: 1040-8398 (ISSN-L)
1549-7852
DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2013.811212
OpenAlex: W260652415
Cited by: 141
References: 183
Citations by year: 2026: 17 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 5
FWCI: 5.64
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
research-repository.uwa.edu.au
Licence: other-oa
Locations: Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition (publishedVersion)
UWA Profiles and Research Repository (UWA) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Medical Research Council
National Health and Medical Research Council
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry (medical) › Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities
Keywords: dietary nitrate, nitric oxide, cardiovascular health, blood pressure, endothelial function, arterial stiffness, platelet function, exercise performance, ischemia-reperfusion injury, methemoglobinemia, nitrate toxicity, cancer risk, fruit and vegetable intake
MeSH terms: Arginine, Cardiovascular System, Diet, Fruit, Health Promotion, Humans, Nitrates, Nitric Oxide, Vegetables, Nitric Oxide Synthase

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Dietary Nitrate, Nitric Oxide, and Cardiovascular Health

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