The DOI matches its Crossref record; 21 of the 21 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Involvement of ROS in BBB dysfunction
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) forms a protective barrier around the brain, with the important function of maintaining brain homeostasis. Pathways thought to initiate BBB dysfunction include the kinin system, excitotoxicity, neutrophil recruitment, mitochondrial alterations and macrophage/microglial activation, all of which converge on the same point--reactive oxygen species (ROS). Interestingly, ROS also provide a common trigger for many downstream pathways that directly mediate BBB compromise such as oxidative damage, tight junction (TJ) modification and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) activation. These observations suggest that ROS are key mediators of BBB breakdown and implicate antioxidants as potential neuroprotectants in conditions like stroke and traumatic brain injury (TBI). This review explores some of the pathways both upstream and downstream of ROS that have been implicated in increased BBB permeability and discusses the role of ROS and antioxidants in neuropathology.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
How mitochondria produce reactive oxygen species
Murphy, M. P. (2009) · Biochemical Journal · doi:10.1042/bj20081386 · Cited by 8,207
Mitochondrial formation of reactive oxygen species
Turrens, J. F. (2003) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2003.049478 · Cited by 5,084
Aβ Oligomers – a decade of discovery
Walsh, D. M., & Selkoe, D. J. (2007) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.04426.x · Cited by 1,938
Size-selective loosening of the blood-brain barrier in claudin-5–deficient mice
Nitta, T., Hata, M., Gotoh, S., Seo, Y., Sasaki, H., Hashimoto, N., Furuse, M., & Tsukita, S. (2003) · The Journal of Cell Biology · doi:10.1083/jcb.200302070 · Cited by 1,917
De Felice, F. G., Velasco, P. T., Lambert, M. P., Viola, K., Fernandez, S. J., Ferreira, S. T., & Klein, W. L. (2007) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m607483200 · Cited by 882
Melatonin: Nature’s most versatile biological signal?
Pandi‐Perumal, S. R., Srinivasan, V., Maestroni, G. J. M., Cardinali, D. P., Poeggeler, B., & Hardeland, R. (2006) · The FEBS Journal · doi:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2006.05322.x · Cited by 875
The redox chemistry of the Alzheimer's disease amyloid β peptide
Smith, D. G., Cappai, R., & Barnham, K. J. (2007) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes · doi:10.1016/j.bbamem.2007.02.002 · Cited by 608
Lyras, L., Cairns, N. J., Jenner, A., Jenner, P., & Halliwell, B. (1997) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.1997.68052061.x · Cited by 531 · cited 2×
“[152] Lyras L, Cairns NJ, Jenner A, Jenner P, Halliwell B.”
BackgroundCayrol, R., Wosik, K., Berard, J. L., Dodelet-Devillers, A., Ifergan, I., Kebir, H., Haqqani, A. S., Kreymborg, K., Krug, S., Moumdjian, R., et al. (2008) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni1551 · Cited by 444
Ryu, J. K., & McLarnon, J. G. (2009) · Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1582-4934.2008.00434.x · Cited by 406
Cited by
Astrocytes: Biology and pathology
Sofroniew, M. V., & Vinters, H. V. (2010) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s00401-009-0619-8 · Cited by 5,196
Development, maintenance and disruption of the blood-brain barrier
Obermeier, B., Daneman, R., & Ransohoff, R. M. (2013) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm.3407 · Cited by 2,452
Inflammatory mechanisms in ischemic stroke: role of inflammatory cells
Jin, R., Yang, G., & Li, G. (2010) · Journal of Leukocyte Biology · doi:10.1189/jlb.1109766 · Cited by 1,521
The blood-brain barrier in aging and neurodegeneration
Knox, E. G., Aburto, M. R., Clarke, G., Cryan, J. F., & O’Driscoll, C. M. (2022) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-022-01511-z · Cited by 738
“The disruption mechanisms of oxidative stress include oxidative damage to cellular components (protein oxidation, lipid peroxidation, and DNA damage), activation of matrix metalloproteinases, cytoskeleton reorganization, modulation of tight junction proteins, and upregulation of inflammatory mediators [81, 86, 87].”
BackgroundLochhead, J. J., McCaffrey, G., Quigley, C. E., Finch, J., DeMarco, K. M., Nametz, N., & Davis, T. P. (2010) · Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism · doi:10.1038/jcbfm.2010.29 · Cited by 334
Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Stroke
Nour, M., Scalzo, F., & Liebeskind, D. S. (2012) · Interventional Neurology · doi:10.1159/000353125 · Cited by 316
Biron, K. E., Dickstein, D. L., Gopaul, R., & Jefferies, W. A. (2011) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0023789 · Cited by 300
Factors influencing the blood-brain barrier permeability
Zhao, Y., Gan, L., Ren, L., Lin, Y., Ma, C., & Lin, X. (2022) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2022.147937 · Cited by 291
Oxidative stress and β-amyloid protein in Alzheimer’s disease
Cai, Z., Zhao, B., & Ratka, A. (2011) · NeuroMolecular Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12017-011-8155-9 · Cited by 279
Najjar, S., Pearlman, D. M., Devinsky, O., Najjar, A., & Zagzag, D. (2013) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/1742-2094-10-142 · Cited by 248
Vascular disruption and blood–brain barrier dysfunction in intracerebral hemorrhage
Keep, R. F., Zhou, N., Xiang, J., Andjelkovic, A. V., Hua, Y., & Xi, G. (2014) · Fluids and Barriers of the CNS · doi:10.1186/2045-8118-11-18 · Cited by 220
Zhang, Q.-G., Laird, M. D., Han, D., Nguyen, K., Scott, E., Dong, Y., Dhandapani, K. M., & Brann, D. W. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0034504 · Cited by 211
Mazzone, P., Tierney, W., Hossain, M., Puvenna, V., Janigro, D., & Cucullo, L. (2010) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph7124111 · Cited by 183
Blood–brain barrier dysfunction following traumatic brain injury
Alluri, H., Wiggins-Dohlvik, K., Davis, M. L., Huang, J. H., & Tharakan, B. (2015) · Metabolic Brain Disease · doi:10.1007/s11011-015-9651-7 · Cited by 149
Dong, M., Wen, S., & Zhou, L. (2022) · Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy · doi:10.2147/dmso.s375559 · Cited by 90
Prasad, S., Sajja, R. K., Park, J. H., Naik, P., Kaisar, M. A., & Cucullo, L. (2015) · Fluids and Barriers of the CNS · doi:10.1186/s12987-015-0014-x · Cited by 77
TRPC-mediated actin-myosin contraction is critical for BBB disruption following hypoxic stress
Hicks, K., O'Neil, R. G., Dubinsky, W. S., & Brown, R. C. (2010) · American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpcell.00458.2009 · Cited by 70
Monocytes regulate T cell migration through the glia limitans during acute viral encephalitis
Savarin, C., Stohlman, S. A., Atkinson, R., Ransohoff, R. M., & Bergmann, C. C. (2010) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.00051-10 · Cited by 68
Gu, Y.-T., Xue, Y.-X., Wang, Y.-F., Wang, J.-H., Chen, X., ShangGuan, Q.-R., Lian, Y., Zhong, L., & Meng, Y.-N. (2013) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2013.08.004 · Cited by 30
Fierro-Salgado, Y. T., Reiriz, M., Beltrán-Velasco, A. I., Calleja-Conde, J., Hernández-Oñativia, X., Uceda, S., & Echeverry-Alzate, V. (2025) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms262010074 · Cited by 7
Metadata
- Authors
- Pun, P. B. L., Lu, J., & Moochhala, S.
- Venue
- Free Radical Research
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2009-01
- Volume
- 43
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 348-364
- ISSN
- 1029-2470 (ISSN-L)
- 1071-5762
- OpenAlex
- W2112986223
- Cited by
- 457
- References
- 21
- FWCI
- 14.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
