Why did she send it in the first place? Victim blame in the context of ‘revenge porn.’
Open accessAbstract
'Revenge porn' or 'cyber rape' occurs when intimate images that were previously sent with permission are leaked to a wider audience without consent. This research investigated the perceptions that individuals form about 'revenge porn' victims, aiming to gain more understanding from a victimisation perspective as a first step towards improving victim outcomes. One hundred and twenty-two individuals were presented with a scenario depicting a leaked intimate image with a female victim. Two distinct nudity levels: low (lingerie) and high (bare-chest, breasts exposed) were included, and participants' responses to the Sexual Double Standards Scale were analysed to determine whether acceptance of the traditional sexual double standard was correlated with victim perception. Results indicated that victims were perceived as more promiscuous and more blameworthy when they were more naked, and by participants with more traditional gender roles. There is a need for policy to address potential stigma directed at 'revenge porn' victims.
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There has been minimal exploration of victim blaming in cyberbullying research, although the findings are consistent with broader cyber-based research where victim blaming was observed in studies of online fraud and revenge porn.
“There has been minimal exploration of victim blaming in cyberbullying research, although the findings are consistent with broader cyber-based research where victim blaming was observed in studies of online fraud (117) and revenge porn (118).”
From A thematic analysis of adolescents’ perceptions of cyberbullying and cyberaggression: definitional distinctions and educational gaps (2026) · cites this paper as [118]
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“There has been minimal exploration of victim blaming in cyberbullying research, although the fi ndings are consistent with broader cyber-based research where victim blaming was observed in studies of online fraud (117) and revenge porn (118).”
- Authors
- Mckinlay, T., & Lavis, T.
- Affiliations
- Flinders University (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Mckinlay, Tahlee
- ORCID
- Lavis, Tiffany
- Venue
- Psychiatry Psychology and Law
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2020-05-03
- Volume
- 27
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 386-396
- ISSN
- 1321-8719 (ISSN-L)
- 1934-1687
- PMC
- PMC7534260
- OpenAlex
- W3034303776
- Cited by
- 78
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2026: 18 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 2
- FWCI
- 10.72
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Psychiatry Psychology and Law (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RUNE (Research UNE) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Sexual Assault and Victimization Studies
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Stalking, Cyberstalking, and Harassment
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Gender, Feminism, and Media
- Keywords
- revenge porn, victim blaming, victim perceptions, sexual double standard, gender roles, nudity, sexual victimization
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