The relationship between daily stressors, social support, depression and anxiety among dementia family caregivers: a micro-longitudinal study
Open accessAbstract
Objectives: This study aimed to examine the relationships between daily stress, social support, and the mental health of dementia family caregivers.Methods: A national sample of family caregivers (N = 165) completed daily diary surveys over 21 days (n = 2,841). Mixed-level models were used to examine the daily odds of experiencing depression and anxiety-related symptoms when risk factors, such as the stress of managing behavioral symptoms of dementia (BSDs) exhibited by the person living with dementia, and protective factors, such as social support, were reported on a given day.Results: Dementia caregivers were more likely to report depression and anxiety-related symptoms when BSDs were present and perceived as more bothersome than usual. Specific BSDs, including restless behaviors and intense emotions, were also found to increase the daily odds of experiencing depression and anxiety symptoms. The daily odds of depression symptoms decreased on days when caregivers reported receiving instrumental support, while the daily odds of anxiety symptoms increased on days when caregivers reported receiving emotional support.Conclusions: The daily odds of experiencing depression and anxietyvary based on the presence of specific BSDs and social support. These findings support the need for targeted interventions to improve the day-to-day well-being of dementia family caregivers.
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- Authors
- Puga, F., Wang, D., Rafford, M., Poe, A., & Pickering, C. E. Z.
- Affiliations
- University of Alabama at Birmingham (US)
- Corresponding author
- Puga, Frank
- Venue
- Aging & Mental Health
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2022-08-29
- Volume
- 27
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 1291-1299
- ISSN
- 1360-7863 (ISSN-L)
- 1364-6915
- PMC
- PMC9971344
- OpenAlex
- W4293729120
- Cited by
- 33
- References
- 55
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 1
- FWCI
- 3.10
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Aging & Mental Health (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Aging
- NIA (83, 83-01S1)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Pharmacy › Nursing care and research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Family Caregiving in Mental Illness
- Keywords
- daily stress, social support, depression, anxiety, behavioral symptoms of dementia, instrumental support, emotional support, caregiver well-being
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