Neuropsychological Studies of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Meta-Analytic Review of Research Since 1995
Abstract
A meta-analysis conducted by Binder, Rohling and Larrabee established a relationship between mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) and small reductions in cognitive functioning in individuals assessed more than 3 months post-injury. As a follow-up, this study summarized similar research that (1) was published since the previous meta-analysis, and (2) included data collected at any stage post-injury. An extensive literature search revealed 17 suitable studies from which effect sizes were aggregated. The overall effect size was g = 0.32, p < .001. Speed of processing measures had the largest effect, g = 0.47, p < .001. The merging of post-acute effect sizes with those reported in Binder et al.'s review yielded a nonsignificant result, g = 0.11. Time since injury was found to be a significant moderator variable, with effect sizes tending to zero with increasing time post injury.
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These findings align with prior studies and provide some of the strongest evidence to date that in unselected mTBI cases, lower cognitive performance does not chronically persist relative to controls.
“These findings align with prior studies and provide some of the strongest evidence to date that in unselected mTBI cases, lower cognitive performance does not chronically persist relative to controls (Belanger et al., 2005; Binder et al., 1997; Frencham et al., 2005; Karr et al., 2014; Rohling et al., 2011; Schretlen & Shapiro, 2003).”
From Can mild traumatic brain injury alter cognition chronically? A LIMBIC-CENC multicenter study. (2023) · cites this paper as Frencham et al., 2005
Objective, late cognitive deficits after mTBI have been elusive to document at the group level, with multiple meta-analytic reviews concluding insufficient evidence for deleterious effects of mTBI on objective cognitive assessment beyond the first few months post-injury.
“In general, objective, late cognitive deficits after mTBI have been elusive to document at the group level, with multiple, meta-analytic reviews concluding insufficient evidence for deleterious effects of mTBI on objective cognitive assessment beyond the first few months post-injury”
From Can mild traumatic brain injury alter cognition chronically? A LIMBIC-CENC multicenter study. (2023) · cites this paper as Frencham et al., 2005
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Can mild traumatic brain injury alter cognition chronically? A LIMBIC-CENC multicenter study.
Walker, W. C., O'Neil, M. E., Ou, Z., Pogoda, T. K., Belanger, H. G., Scheibel, R. S., Presson, A. P., Miles, S. R., Wilde, E. A., Tate, D. F., et al. (2023) · Neuropsychology · doi:10.1037/neu0000855 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
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- Authors
- Frencham, K. A. R., Fox, A. M., & Maybery, M. T.
- Affiliations
- The University of Western Australia (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Frencham, Katherine A. R.
- Venue
- Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2005-04
- Volume
- 27
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 334-351
- ISSN
- 0165-0475 (ISSN-L)
- 1380-3395
- 1744-411X
- OpenAlex
- W2128469349
- Cited by
- 356
- References
- 5
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 23 · 2014: 33 · 2013: 32 · 2012: 28
- FWCI
- 8.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UWA Profiles and Research Repository (UWA) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Traumatic Brain Injury Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Functions and Memory
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
- Keywords
- mild traumatic brain injury, cognitive function, neuropsychological deficits, processing speed, time since injury, effect size
- MeSH terms
- Brain Injuries, Cognition Disorders, Neuropsychological Tests, Time Factors
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