Cited by 105Carcinogens and Genotoxicity AssessmentWater Treatment and DisinfectionPolyamine Metabolism and Applications

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N‐nitroso compounds: Their chemical and in vivo formation and possible importance as environmental carcinogens

Mirvish, Sidney S.·1977·Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health

DOI 10.1080/15287397709529529

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Abstract

Brief reviews are presented on the occurrence of N-nitroso (NNO) compounds, the chemistry and kinetics of NNO compound formation from nitrite and amines or amides, the in vivo formation of these compounds (as detected by tumor induction) on feeding nitrite with amines or amides to rodents, and the carcinogenicity for rats of some new nitrosamides. The possible human hazard caused by exposure to specific readily nitrosated compounds is reviewed. Whether NNO compounds might be causing human cancer of various organs (e.g., pancreatic, nasopharyngeal, and esophageal cancer) is discussed. Some of our results in [3H]thymidine incorporation in the rat esophageal epithelium are presented. Nitrosamines that cause esophageal cancer in rats were found to inhibit [3H]thymidine incorporation, both in vivo and in vitro, when esophagi were incubated with nitrosamines. With reference to the hypothesis that human gastric cancer is caused by nitrosamides (e.g., nitrosoureas), certain correlations were examined between gastric cancer and environmental exposure to nitrate, nitrite, and nitrosatable amides. In studies from our laboratory, dried, salted fish, which was treated with excess nitrite at pH 1 and then "denitrosated" at pH O, yielded 16 mg methylurae/kh fish, possibly derived from methylguanidine.

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Authors: Mirvish, S. S.
Affiliations: University of Nebraska Medical Center (US)
Corresponding author: Mirvish, Sidney S.
Venue: Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Published: 1977-07
Volume: 2
Issue: 6
Pages: 1267-1277
ISSN: 0098-4108 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1080/15287397709529529
OpenAlex: W1968587550
Cited by: 105
References: 46
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2018: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 1
FWCI: 1.41
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Carcinogens and Genotoxicity Assessment
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Water Treatment and Disinfection
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Polyamine Metabolism and Applications
Keywords: N-nitroso compounds, nitrosamines, nitrosamides, nitrite, amides, tumor induction, carcinogenicity, environmental carcinogens, esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, nitrate exposure, dried salted fish, methylguanidine, methylurea, thymidine incorporation, esophageal epithelium, pancreatic cancer, nasopharyngeal carcinoma
MeSH terms: Animals, Carcinogens, Environmental, Chemistry, Esophageal Neoplasms, Esophagus, Humans, Kinetics, Nitrosamines, Nitroso Compounds, Stomach Neoplasms, Thymidine, Chemical Phenomena

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N‐nitroso compounds: Their chemical and in vivo formation and possible importance as environmental carcinogens

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