The DOI matches its Crossref record; 81 of the 84 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
“What Do You Want to Say?” How Adolescents Use Translanguaging to Expand Learning Opportunities
Abstract
This study investigated how students learning English and students learning Spanish activated multilingual repertoires as they participated in one high school program that aimed to promote reciprocal learning and teaching of multilingual literacy practices. Grounded in sociocultural theory, we examined how students drew upon Spanish, English, and translanguaging as cultural and cognitive tools to mediate learning in a Third Space. Data collection included participant observations in 40 sessions, student writing, interviews, and audio/video recordings of peer interactions as they engaged in composing and revising of text together. Using interactional ethnography and microgenetic analysis, we analyzed mediation of learning opportunities across and between languages and found evidence of students co-constructing knowledge and expanding multilingual repertoires. Findings contribute to second language acquisition research by revealing fluid and reciprocal affordances for language learning during interactions among linguistically diverse peers as they draw upon translanguaging practices. By shedding light on an alternative educational context that mobilizes young people’s diverse funds of knowledge, the findings have implications for educational practices that support equity for culturally and linguistically diverse students.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“researchers highlight collaborative learning through group activities as a factor that facilitates pedagogical translanguaging (Martin-Beltrán 2014).”
From Examining Pedagogical Translanguaging: A Systematic Review of the Literature (2021) · cites this paper as Martin-Beltrán 2014
In the citing paper
“Martin-Beltrán (2014, 12) suggests that a useful translanguaging technique is to encourage the learners to 'play language detectives', to look for and discuss similarities and differences (cognates and false cognates) across languages.”
From Exploring translanguaging in CLIL (2019) · cites this paper as Martin-Beltrán (2014, 12)
Citations
Cites
A simplest systematics for the organization of turn-taking for conversation
Sacks, H., Schegloff, E. A., & Jefferson, G. (1974) · Language · doi:10.2307/412243 · Cited by 11,350
Funds of knowledge for teaching: Using a qualitative approach to connect homes and classrooms
Moll, L. C., Amanti, C., Neff, D., & Gonzalez, N. (1992) · Theory Into Practice · doi:10.1080/00405849209543534 · Cited by 7,339
Apprenticeship in thinking: cognitive development in social context
(1990) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.28-0612 · Cited by 5,420
Learning by Expanding: An Activity-Theoretical Approach to Developmental Research
Engeström, Y. (2014) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9781139814744 · Cited by 4,991
Halford, G. S., & Andrews, G. (2007) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9780470147658 · Cited by 4,912
Apprenticeship in Thinking: Cognitive Development in Social Context
Rogoff, B. (1990) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780195059731.001.0001 · Cited by 4,709
Sociocultural Theory and Second Language Learning
Lantolf, J. P. (2013) · Cited by 3,852
García, O., & Wei, L. (2014) · doi:10.1057/9781137385765 · Cited by 3,831
(2005) · Cited by 3,703
Bilingual education in the 21st century: a global perspective
García, O., Beardsmore, H. B., & Zakharia, Z. (2009) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.46-5739 · Cited by 3,559
Culturally Sustaining Pedagogy: A Needed Change in Stance, Terminology, and Practice
Paris, D. (2012) · Educational Researcher · doi:10.3102/0013189x12441244 · Cited by 3,335
Shohamy, E. (2006) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203387962 · Cited by 2,618
Advances in Instructional Psychology
(2019) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781315864341 · Cited by 2,538
Translanguaging in the Bilingual Classroom: A Pedagogy for Learning and Teaching?
CREESE, A., & BLACKLEDGE, A. (2010) · The Modern Language Journal · doi:10.1111/j.1540-4781.2009.00986.x · Cited by 2,206
Handbook of Complementary Methods in Education Research
Green, J. L., Green, J. L., Camilli, G., Camilli, G., Elmore, P. B., & Elmore, P. B. (2012) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203874769 · Cited by 2,029
Wei, L. (2010) · Journal of Pragmatics · doi:10.1016/j.pragma.2010.07.035 · Cited by 1,872
Developing a Sociocritical Literacy in the Third Space
Gutiérrez, K. D. (2008) · Reading Research Quarterly · doi:10.1598/rrq.43.2.3 · Cited by 1,817
Interaction and Second Language Learning: Two Adolescent French Immersion Students Working Together
Swain, M., & Lapkin, S. (1998) · Modern Language Journal · doi:10.1111/j.1540-4781.1998.tb01209.x · Cited by 1,736
Codemeshing in Academic Writing: Identifying Teachable Strategies of Translanguaging
CANAGARAJAH, S. (2011) · The Modern Language Journal · doi:10.1111/j.1540-4781.2011.01207.x · Cited by 1,662 · cited 2×
“Canagarajah (2011) defines translanguaging as “the ability of multilingual speakers to shuttle between languages, treating the diverse languages that form their repertoire as an integrated system” (p. 401).”
BackgroundBilingual education in the 21st century: a global perspective
Johnson, E. (2010) · International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism · doi:10.1080/13670050903282330 · Cited by 1,653
Disinventing and Reconstituting Languages
Hayes, D. (2006) · Multilingual Matters eBooks · doi:10.21832/9781853599255 · Cited by 1,497
Cultural Psychology: A Once and Future Discipline
Glăveanu, V.-P. (2007) · Europe’s Journal of Psychology · doi:10.5964/ejop.v3i4.416 · Cited by 1,432
Language Policy Hidden Agendas and New Approaches
Shohamy, E. (2006) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 1,339
MOJE, E. B., CIECHANOWSKI, K. M., KRAMER, K., ELLIS, L., CARRILLO, R., & COLLAZO, T. (2004) · Reading Research Quarterly · doi:10.1598/rrq.39.1.4 · Cited by 1,320
Rethinking diversity: Hybridity and hybrid language practices in the third space
Gutiérrez, K. D., Baquedano‐López, P., & Tejeda, C. (1999) · Mind, Culture, and Activity · doi:10.1080/10749039909524733 · Cited by 1,281
Negative Feedback as Regulation and Second Language Learning in the Zone of Proximal Development
Aljaafreh, A., & Lantolf, J. P. (1994) · Modern Language Journal · doi:10.1111/j.1540-4781.1994.tb02064.x · Cited by 1,222
Thomas, W. P., & Collier, V. P. (2002) · eScholarship (California Digital Library) · Cited by 1,194
Vygotskian Approaches to Second Language Research
Lantolf, J. P., & Appel, G. (1994) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 1,170
Translanguaging and transnational literacies in multilingual classrooms: a biliteracy lens
Hornberger, N. H., & Link, H. (2012) · International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism · doi:10.1080/13670050.2012.658016 · Cited by 912
Disinventing and (Re)Constituting Languages
Makoni, S. B., & Pennycook, A. (2005) · Critical Inquiry in Language Studies · doi:10.1207/s15427595cils0203_1 · Cited by 799
Advanced Language Learning : The Contribution of Halliday and Vygotsky
(2006) · Bloomsbury Academic eBooks · doi:10.5040/9781474212113 · Cited by 713
Chapter 4: Discourse Analysis, Learning, and Social Practice: A Methodological Study
Gee, J. P., & Green, J. (1998) · Review of Research in Education · doi:10.3102/0091732x023001119 · Cited by 707
Learning and not learning English: Latino students in American schools
(2001) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.39-2326 · Cited by 625
Ethnographic Research: A Guide to General Conduct
Pelto, P. J. (1987) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/00005053-198705000-00016 · Cited by 569
Talking it through: two French immersion learners’ response to reformulation
Swain, M., & Lapkin, S. (2002) · International Journal of Educational Research · doi:10.1016/s0883-0355(03)00006-5 · Cited by 556
International Handbook of English Language Teaching
Cummins, J., & Davison, C. (2007) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-0-387-46301-8 · Cited by 529
The Big Picture: A Meta-Analysis of Program Effectiveness Research on English Language Learners
Rolstad, K., Mahoney, K., & Glass, G. V. (2005) · Educational Policy · doi:10.1177/0895904805278067 · Cited by 520
Activating the ZPD: Mutual Scaffolding in L2 Peer Revision
de Guerrero, M. C. M., & Villamil, O. S. (2000) · Modern Language Journal · doi:10.1111/0026-7902.00052 · Cited by 504
Negotiation for Meaning and Peer Assistance in Second Language Classrooms
Foster, P., & Ohta, A. S. (2005) · Applied Linguistics · doi:10.1093/applin/ami014 · Cited by 492
Conversational interaction in second language acquisition : a series of empirical studies
Mackey, A. (2007) · Oxford University Press eBooks · Cited by 394
Is October Brown Chinese? A Cultural Modeling Activity System for Underachieving Students
Lee, C. D. (2001) · American Educational Research Journal · doi:10.3102/00028312038001097 · Cited by 390
Microgenetic Analyses of Learning
Siegler, R. (2007) · doi:10.1002/9780470147658.chpsy0211 · Cited by 357
9. PEER-PEER DIALOGUE AS A MEANS OF SECOND LANGUAGE LEARNING
Swain, M., Brooks, L., & Tocalli-Beller, A. (2002) · Annual Review of Applied Linguistics · doi:10.1017/s0267190502000090 · Cited by 340
Socio‐Cognitive Functions of L1 Collaborative Interaction in the L2 Classroom
Antón, M., & DiCamilla, F. J. (1999) · Modern Language Journal · doi:10.1111/0026-7902.00018 · Cited by 331
Valdés, G. (2004) · International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism · doi:10.1080/13670050408667804 · Cited by 273
“New” Mainstream SLA Theory: Expanded and Enriched
Swain, M., & Deters, P. (2007) · Modern Language Journal · doi:10.1111/j.1540-4781.2007.00671.x · Cited by 250
Interactional Ethnography: An Approach to Studying the Social Construction of Literate Practices
Castanheira, M. L., Crawford, T., Dixon, C. N., & Green, J. (2000) · Linguistics and Education · doi:10.1016/s0898-5898(00)00032-2 · Cited by 241
A Vygotskian sociocultural perspective on immersion education
Swain, M., & Lapkin, S. (2013) · Journal of Immersion and Content-Based Language Education · doi:10.1075/jicb.1.1.05swa · Cited by 228
‘A friend who understand fully’: notes on humanizing research in a multiethnic youth community
Paris, D. (2010) · International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education · doi:10.1080/09518398.2010.495091 · Cited by 198
Trends in Two-Way Immersion Education. A Review of the Research.
Howard, E. R., Sugarman, J., & Christian, D. (2003) · Cited by 182
Explaining English Language Proficiency Among Adolescent Immigrant Students
Carhill, A., Suárez‐Orozco, C., & Páez, M. (2008) · American Educational Research Journal · doi:10.3102/0002831208321443 · Cited by 164
Cook, V. J., & Cook, V. J. (2014) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203774236 · Cited by 157
The Two‐Way Language Bridge: Co‐Constructing Bilingual Language Learning Opportunities
Martin‐Beltrán, M. (2010) · Modern Language Journal · doi:10.1111/j.1540-4781.2010.01020.x · Cited by 141
Self-citationLearning English and Learning America: Immigrants in the Center of a Storm
Olsen, L. (2000) · Theory Into Practice · doi:10.1207/s15430421tip3904_2 · Cited by 124
Gutiérrez, K. D., Bien, A. C., Selland, M. K., & Pierce, D. (2011) · Journal of Early Childhood Literacy · doi:10.1177/1468798411399273 · Cited by 116
2. The translanguaging of Latino kindergarteners
Garcı́a, O. (2011) · Studies in bilingualism · doi:10.1075/sibil.42.05gar · Cited by 107
Extending Bilingualism in U.S. Secondary Education: New Variations
Garcı́a, O., Flores, N., & Chu, H. (2011) · International Multilingual Research Journal · doi:10.1080/19313152.2011.539486 · Cited by 106
Harklau, L. A. (1994) · Linguistics and Education · doi:10.1016/0898-5898(94)90012-4 · Cited by 104
Cook, V. (2007) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-0-387-46301-8_18 · Cited by 102
Positioning proficiency: How students and teachers (de)construct language proficiency at school
Martin‐Beltrán, M. (2010) · Linguistics and Education · doi:10.1016/j.linged.2010.09.002 · Cited by 98
Self-citationSuárez‐Orozco, C., & Suàrez‐Orozco, M. M. (2009) · Harvard Educational Review · doi:10.17763/haer.79.2.231151762p82213u · Cited by 95
Mobilizing Culture, Language, and Educational Practices: Fulfilling the Promises of Mendez and Brown
Moll, L. C. (2010) · Educational Researcher · doi:10.3102/0013189x10380654 · Cited by 93
Advancing Early Literacy Learning for All Children
Gutiérrez, K. D., Zepeda, M., & Castro, D. C. (2010) · Educational Researcher · doi:10.3102/0013189x10369831 · Cited by 92
Cultural and Linguistic Investment: Adolescents in a Secondary Two-Way Immersion Program
Bearse, C. I., & de Jong, E. J. (2008) · Equity & Excellence in Education · doi:10.1080/10665680802174817 · Cited by 88
Microgenetic Learning Analysis: A Methodology for Studying Knowledge in Transition
Parnafes, O., & diSessa, A. A. (2013) · Human Development · doi:10.1159/000342945 · Cited by 84
The education of language minority immigrants in the United States
Wiley, T. G., Lee, J. S., & Rumberger, R. W. (2009) · Cited by 82
13. Language Teaching Methodology and the L2 User Perspective
Cook, V. (2002) · Multilingual Matters eBooks · doi:10.21832/9781853595851-015 · Cited by 77
Wertsch, J. V. (1993) · Harvard University Press eBooks · doi:10.4159/9780674045101 · Cited by 60
Teaching English Learners and Immigrant Students in Secondary Schools
Faltis, C. J., & Coulter, C. A. (2007) · Cited by 53
Enright, K. A., & Gilliland, B. (2011) · Journal of Second Language Writing · doi:10.1016/j.jslw.2011.05.006 · Cited by 47
Cook, V. J. (2007) · Newcastle University ePrints (Newcastle Univesity) · doi:10.25405/ncl.34584162 · Cited by 41
(Re)Formulating identities in the face of fluid modernity: An interactional ethnographic approach
Castanheira, M. L., Green, J., Dixon, C. N., & Yeagerb, B. (2007) · International Journal of Educational Research · doi:10.1016/j.ijer.2007.09.005 · Cited by 35
The Microgenetic Method: Current Work and Extensions to Classroom Research
Chinn, C. A. (2006) · doi:10.4324/9780203874769.ch26 · Cited by 32
Community Language Resources in Dual Language Schooling
Smith, P. H. (2001) · Bilingual Research Journal · doi:10.1080/15235882.2001.10162799 · Cited by 30
Standpoints: Researching and Teaching English in the Digital Dimension
Kirkland, D. E. (2009) · Research in the Teaching of English · doi:10.58680/rte20097243 · Cited by 29
Martin‐Beltrán, M. (2013) · International Journal of Educational Research · doi:10.1016/j.ijer.2013.08.005 · Cited by 26
Self-citationTheEducation of Language Minority Immigrants in the United States
(2009) · Multilingual Matters eBooks · doi:10.21832/9781847692122 · Cited by 18
Microgenetic Learning Analysis: A Distinction without a Difference
Fazio, L. K., & Siegler, R. S. (2013) · Human Development · doi:10.1159/000345542 · Cited by 17
A Comprehensive Federal Literacy Agenda: Moving beyond Inoculation Approaches to Literacy Policy
Gutiérrez, K. D. (2009) · Journal of Literacy Research · doi:10.1080/10862960903340777 · Cited by 14
Supporting Multilingual Learners: Practical Theory And Theoretical Practices
Sluys, K. V., & Rao, A. B. (2012) · Theory Into Practice · doi:10.1080/00405841.2012.726056 · Cited by 7
Dual-Language Education for English Language Learners
Christian, D. (2001) · TESOL Quarterly · doi:10.2307/3588433 · Cited by 7
Research works printed but not linked: 5
- Becker A., 1988, Linguistics in context, 17
- Martin-Beltrán M., 2011, Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Conference, New Orleans, LA
- Tocalli-Beller A., 2007, Conversational interaction in second language acquisition: Empirical studies
- van Lier L., 2000, Sociocultural theory and second language learning, 155
- Vygotsky L., 1978, Mind in society
Cited by
Sorted by citations
A Multilingual Perspective on Translanguaging
MacSwan, J. (2017) · American Educational Research Journal · doi:10.3102/0002831216683935 · Cited by 816
Minority languages and sustainable translanguaging: threat or opportunity?
Cenoz, J., & Gorter, D. (2017) · Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development · doi:10.1080/01434632.2017.1284855 · Cited by 561
Translanguaging and Literacies
Garcı́a, O., & Kleifgen, J. A. (2019) · Reading Research Quarterly · doi:10.1002/rrq.286 · Cited by 639
Exploring translanguaging in CLIL
Nikula, T., & Moore, P. (2019) · International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism · doi:10.1080/13670050.2016.1254151 · Cited by 225
The Cambridge Handbook of Discourse Studies
Jaworska, S. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108348195 · Cited by 218
Metadata
- Authors
- Martin-Beltrán, M.
- Venue
- International Multilingual Research Journal
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2014-07-03
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 208-230
- ISSN
- 1931-3152 (ISSN-L)
- 1931-3160
- OpenAlex
- W2114438035
- Cited by
- 186
- References
- 84
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 54 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 2
- FWCI
- 44.90
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- International Multilingual Research Journal (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Spencer Foundation
- National Academy of Education
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Linguistics and Language › Multilingual Education and Policy
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Language and Linguistics › EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning
- Social Sciences › Linguistics and Language › Second Language Learning and Teaching
- Keywords
- translanguaging, multilingual repertoires, adolescents, mutual learning, multilingual literacy, Spanish-English bilingual education, peer interaction, funds of knowledge, culturally and linguistically diverse students, educational equity, sociocultural theory, third space, second language acquisition
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review